C++图书管理系统

目录

实现功能

用户管理

图书管理

借阅与归还

未归还图书

部分效果图

结构体

[Book 结构体](#Book 结构体)

[User 结构体](#User 结构体)

源代码

编译时在连接器命令行加入

完整代码

实现功能

用户管理

• 添加用户：输入用户ID、用户名和密码，将新用户添加到系统中。
• 删除用户：根据用户ID删除指定用户。
• 修改用户：根据用户ID修改用户的用户名和密码。
• 显示所有用户：列出系统中的所有用户信息。
• 查找用户：根据用户ID查找并显示用户信息。

图书管理

• 添加图书：输入图书ID、书名、作者和出版社，将新图书添加到系统中。
• 删除图书：根据图书ID删除指定图书。
• 显示所有图书：列出系统中的所有图书信息。
• 查找图书：根据图书ID查找并显示图书信息。

借阅与归还

• 借阅图书：根据用户ID和图书ID记录借阅操作，并设置图书的到期日期。
• 归还图书：根据用户ID和图书ID记录归还操作，更新图书的状态。

未归还图书

• 列出未归还图书：显示所有未归还的图书信息，包括ID、书名、作者、出版社和到期日期。

部分效果图

结构体

Book 结构体

id: 图书ID

title: 书名

author: 作者

publisher: 出版社

isBorrowed: 是否被借阅

dueDate: 到期日期（tm 结构体）

User 结构体

id: 用户ID

username: 用户名

password: 密码

borrowedBooks: 借阅图书记录（书ID和归还时间的配对）

源代码

编译时在连接器命令行加入

-std=c++11

完整代码

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <ctime>
#include <iomanip>

using namespace std;

// 图书信息
struct Book {
    string id;
    string title;
    string author;
    string publisher;
    bool isBorrowed;
    tm dueDate;
};

// 用户信息
struct User {
    string id;
    string username;
    string password;
    vector<pair<string, tm>> borrowedBooks; // 书ID和归还时间
};

// 全局变量
vector<Book> books;
vector<User> users;

// 打印日期
void printDate(const tm& date) {
    cout << (date.tm_year + 1900) << '-' << (date.tm_mon + 1) << '-' << date.tm_mday << ' '
         << date.tm_hour << ':' << date.tm_min << ':' << date.tm_sec;
}

// 加载用户数据
void loadUsers() {
    ifstream infile("users.txt");
    if (!infile) return;
    User user;
    string line;
    while (getline(infile, line)) {
        istringstream ss(line);
        ss >> user.id >> user.username >> user.password;
        users.push_back(user);
    }
}

// 保存用户数据
void saveUsers() {
    ofstream outfile("users.txt");
    for (const auto& user : users) {
        outfile << user.id << ' ' << user.username << ' ' << user.password << '\n';
    }
}

// 加载图书数据
void loadBooks() {
    ifstream infile("books.txt");
    if (!infile) return;
    Book book;
    string line;
    while (getline(infile, line)) {
        istringstream ss(line);
        ss >> book.id >> book.title >> book.author >> book.publisher >> book.isBorrowed;
        ss >> book.dueDate.tm_year >> book.dueDate.tm_mon >> book.dueDate.tm_mday
           >> book.dueDate.tm_hour >> book.dueDate.tm_min >> book.dueDate.tm_sec;
        book.dueDate.tm_year -= 1900;
        book.dueDate.tm_mon -= 1;
        books.push_back(book);
    }
}

// 保存图书数据
void saveBooks() {
    ofstream outfile("books.txt");
    for (const auto& book : books) {
        outfile << book.id << ' ' << book.title << ' ' << book.author << ' ' << book.publisher << ' '
                << book.isBorrowed << ' '
                << (book.dueDate.tm_year + 1900) << ' '
                << (book.dueDate.tm_mon + 1) << ' '
                << book.dueDate.tm_mday << ' '
                << book.dueDate.tm_hour << ' '
                << book.dueDate.tm_min << ' '
                << book.dueDate.tm_sec << '\n';
    }
}

// 验证管理员账号密码
bool authenticate() {
    string username, password;
    cout << "输入用户名: ";
    cin >> username;
    cout << "输入密码: ";
    cin >> password;
    return username == "root" && password == "123";
}

// 修改管理员密码
void changePassword() {
    string newPassword;
    cout << "输入新密码: ";
    cin >> newPassword;
    // 在实际应用中，需要保存新密码
    cout << "密码已更改! (Password changed!)\n";
}

// 添加图书
void addBook() {
    Book book;
    cout << "输入图书ID: ";
    cin >> book.id;
    cout << "输入书名: ";
    cin.ignore(); // 清除输入缓冲区
    getline(cin, book.title);
    cout << "输入作者: ";
    getline(cin, book.author);
    cout << "输入出版社: ";
    getline(cin, book.publisher);
    book.isBorrowed = false;
    books.push_back(book);
    saveBooks();
    cout << "图书已添加! (Book added!)\n";
}

// 删除图书
void deleteBook() {
    string id;
    cout << "输入要删除的图书ID: ";
    cin >> id;
    auto it = remove_if(books.begin(), books.end(), [&id](const Book& book) { return book.id == id; });
    if (it != books.end()) {
        books.erase(it, books.end());
        saveBooks();
        cout << "图书已删除! (Book deleted!)\n";
    } else {
        cout << "图书未找到! (Book not found!)\n";
    }
}

// 显示所有图书
void displayBooks() {
    cout << "ID\t书名\t作者\t出版社\t是否被借阅\n";
    cout << "ID\tTitle\tAuthor\tPublisher\tIs Borrowed\n";
    for (const auto& book : books) {
        cout << book.id << '\t' << book.title << '\t' << book.author << '\t' << book.publisher << '\t'
             << (book.isBorrowed ? "Yes" : "No") << '\n';
    }
}

// 查找图书
void searchBook() {
    string id;
    cout << "输入图书ID: ";
    cin >> id;
    auto it = find_if(books.begin(), books.end(), [&id](const Book& book) { return book.id == id; });
    if (it != books.end()) {
        const Book& book = *it;
        cout << "ID: " << book.id << '\n' << "书名: " << book.title << '\n' << "作者: " << book.author << '\n'
             << "出版社: " << book.publisher << '\n' << "是否被借阅: " << (book.isBorrowed ? "Yes" : "No") << '\n';
        cout << "到期日期: ";
        printDate(book.dueDate);
        cout << '\n';
    } else {
        cout << "图书未找到! (Book not found!)\n";
    }
}

// 添加用户
void addUser() {
    User user;
    cout << "输入用户ID: ";
    cin >> user.id;
    cout << "输入用户名: ";
    cin >> user.username;
    cout << "输入密码: ";
    cin >> user.password;
    users.push_back(user);
    saveUsers();
    cout << "用户已添加! (User added!)\n";
}

// 删除用户
void deleteUser() {
    string id;
    cout << "输入要删除的用户ID: ";
    cin >> id;
    auto it = remove_if(users.begin(), users.end(), [&id](const User& user) { return user.id == id; });
    if (it != users.end()) {
        users.erase(it, users.end());
        saveUsers();
        cout << "用户已删除! (User deleted!)\n";
    } else {
        cout << "用户未找到! (User not found!)\n";
    }
}

// 修改用户
void modifyUser() {
    string id;
    cout << "输入要修改的用户ID: ";
    cin >> id;
    auto it = find_if(users.begin(), users.end(), [&id](const User& user) { return user.id == id; });
    if (it != users.end()) {
        User& user = *it;
        cout << "输入新的用户名: ";
        cin >> user.username;
        cout << "输入新的密码: ";
        cin >> user.password;
        saveUsers();
        cout << "用户已修改! (User modified!)\n";
    } else {
        cout << "用户未找到! (User not found!)\n";
    }
}

// 显示所有用户
void displayUsers() {
    cout << "ID\t用户名\t密码\n";
    cout << "ID\tUsername\tPassword\n";
    for (const auto& user : users) {
        cout << user.id << '\t' << user.username << '\t' << user.password << '\n';
    }
}

// 查找用户
void searchUser() {
    string id;
    cout << "输入用户ID: ";
    cin >> id;
    auto it = find_if(users.begin(), users.end(), [&id](const User& user) { return user.id == id; });
    if (it != users.end()) {
        const User& user = *it;
        cout << "ID: " << user.id << '\n' << "用户名: " << user.username << '\n' << "密码: " << user.password << '\n';
    } else {
        cout << "用户未找到! (User not found!)\n";
    }
}

// 借阅图书
void borrowBook() {
    string userId, bookId;
    cout << "输入用户ID: ";
    cin >> userId;
    cout << "输入图书ID: ";
    cin >> bookId;

    auto userIt = find_if(users.begin(), users.end(), [&userId](const User& user) { return user.id == userId; });
    auto bookIt = find_if(books.begin(), books.end(), [&bookId](const Book& book) { return book.id == bookId; });

    if (userIt != users.end() && bookIt != books.end()) {
        User& user = *userIt;
        Book& book = *bookIt;
        if (!book.isBorrowed) {
            book.isBorrowed = true;
            time_t now = time(0);
            tm* now_tm = localtime(&now);
            book.dueDate = *now_tm;
            user.borrowedBooks.push_back(make_pair(bookId, book.dueDate));
            saveBooks();
            saveUsers();
            cout << "图书已借出! (Book borrowed!)\n";
        } else {
            cout << "图书已被借出! (Book is already borrowed!)\n";
        }
    } else {
        cout << "用户或图书未找到! (User or book not found!)\n";
    }
}

// 归还图书
void returnBook() {
    string userId, bookId;
    cout << "输入用户ID: ";
    cin >> userId;
    cout << "输入图书ID: ";
    cin >> bookId;

    auto userIt = find_if(users.begin(), users.end(), [&userId](const User& user) { return user.id == userId; });
    auto bookIt = find_if(books.begin(), books.end(), [&bookId](const Book& book) { return book.id == bookId; });

    if (userIt != users.end() && bookIt != books.end()) {
        User& user = *userIt;
        Book& book = *bookIt;
        if (book.isBorrowed) {
            book.isBorrowed = false;
            auto borrowedBookIt = find_if(user.borrowedBooks.begin(), user.borrowedBooks.end(), [&bookId](const pair<string, tm>& borrowedBook) { return borrowedBook.first == bookId; });
            if (borrowedBookIt != user.borrowedBooks.end()) {
                user.borrowedBooks.erase(borrowedBookIt);
            }
            saveBooks();
            saveUsers();
            cout << "图书已归还! (Book returned!)\n";
        } else {
            cout << "图书没有被借出! (Book was not borrowed!)\n";
        }
    } else {
        cout << "用户或图书未找到! (User or book not found!)\n";
    }
}

// 列出逾期图书
void listOverdueBooks() {
    time_t now = time(0);
    tm* now_tm = localtime(&now);
    cout << "ID\t书名\t作者\t出版社\t到期日期\n";
    cout << "ID\tTitle\tAuthor\tPublisher\tDue Date\n";
    for (const auto& book : books) {
        if (book.isBorrowed && difftime(mktime(now_tm), mktime(const_cast<tm*>(&book.dueDate))) > 0) {
            cout << book.id << '\t' << book.title << '\t' << book.author << '\t' << book.publisher << '\t';
            printDate(book.dueDate);
            cout << '\n';
        }
    }
}

// 主菜单
int main() {
	check:
    if (!authenticate()) {
        cout << "认证失败! (Authentication failed!)\n";
        goto check;
    }
    loadUsers();
    loadBooks();

    int choice;
    do {
        cout << "1. 添加图书 (Add Book)\n2. 删除图书 (Delete Book)\n3. 显示所有图书 (Display Books)\n"
             << "4. 查找图书 (Search Book)\n5. 添加用户 (Add User)\n6. 删除用户 (Delete User)\n"
             << "7. 修改用户 (Modify User)\n8. 显示所有用户 (Display Users)\n9. 查找用户 (Search User)\n"
             << "10. 借阅图书 (Borrow Book)\n11. 归还图书 (Return Book)\n12. 列出未归还图书 (List Overdue Books)\n"
             << "13. 退出 (Exit)\n";
        cout << "Enter your choice: ";
        cin >> choice;

        switch (choice) {
            case 1: addBook(); break;
            case 2: deleteBook(); break;
            case 3: displayBooks(); break;
            case 4: searchBook(); break;
            case 5: addUser(); break;
            case 6: deleteUser(); break;
            case 7: modifyUser(); break;
            case 8: displayUsers(); break;
            case 9: searchUser(); break;
            case 10: borrowBook(); break;
            case 11: returnBook(); break;
            case 12: listOverdueBooks(); break;
            case 13: break;
            default: cout << "无效选择! (Invalid choice!)\n"; break;
        }
    } while (choice != 13);

    saveUsers();
    saveBooks();

    return 0;
}