文章目录
- 前言
- 一、内置路由断言
-
- [1. 案例(Weight)](#1. 案例(Weight))
- [2. 更多断言](#2. 更多断言)
- 二、自定义路由断言
-
- [1. 黑名单断言](#1. 黑名单断言)
- [2. 全局异常处理](#2. 全局异常处理)
- [3. 应用配置](#3. 应用配置)
- [4. 单元测试](#4. 单元测试)
- 总结
前言
Spring Cloud Gateway可以让我们根据请求内容精确匹配到对应路由服务,官方已经内置了很多路由断言,我们也可以根据需求自己定义,RemoteAddrRoutePredicateFactory就像是根据IP去匹配的白名单,接下来我们根据它来自定义一个IP黑名单。
一、内置路由断言
1. 案例(Weight)
yml
spring:
cloud:
gateway:
routes:
- id: weight_high
uri: https://weighthigh.org
predicates:
- Weight=group1, 8
- id: weight_low
uri: https://weightlow.org
predicates:
- Weight=group1, 2
这条路线将把约80%的流量转发到weighthigh.org,约20%的流量转发给weighlow.org
2. 更多断言
序号 | 断言类型 | 用法 | 描述 |
---|---|---|---|
1 | After | - After=2017-01-20T17:42:47.789-07:00[America/Denver] | 此路由与2017年1月20日17:42:47之后的任何请求相匹配。 |
2 | Before | - Before=2017-01-20T17:42:47.789-07:00[America/Denver] | 此路由与2017年1月20日17:42:47之前的任何请求相匹配。 |
3 | Between | - Between=2017-01-20T17:42:47.789-07:00[America/Denver], 2017-01-21T17:42:47.789-07:00[America/Denver] | 此路由与2017年1月20日17:42:47之后至2017年1月21日17:42:47之前提出的任何请求相匹配。 |
4 | Cookie | - Cookie=chocolate, ch.p | 此路由匹配名为chocolate的cookie的请求,该cookie的值与ch.p匹配。 |
5 | Header | - Header=X-Request-Id, \d+ | 此路由匹配请求有一个名为X-request-Id的请求头,其值与\d+正则表达式匹配(即它有一个或多个数字的值)。 |
6 | Host | - Host=.somehost.org,.anotherhost.org | 此路由匹配请求的Host值为www.somehost.org、beta.somehost.org或www.anotherhost.org。 |
7 | Method | - Method=GET,POST | 此路由匹配请求方法是GET或POST。 |
8 | Path | - Path=/red/{segment},/blue/{segment} | 此路由匹配请求路径为:/red/1 或 /red/1/ 或 /red/blue 或/blue/green。 |
9 | Query | - Query=green | - Query=green - Query=red, gree. |
10 | RemoteAddr | - RemoteAddr=192.168.1.1/24 | 如果请求的远程地址是192.168.1.10,则此路由匹配。 |
11 | XForwarded Remote Addr | - XForwardedRemoteAddr=192.168.1.1/24 | 如果X-Forwarded-For标头包含例如192.168.1.10,则此路由匹配。 |
二、自定义路由断言
1. 黑名单断言
java
package org.example.gateway.predicate;
import io.netty.handler.ipfilter.IpFilterRuleType;
import io.netty.handler.ipfilter.IpSubnetFilterRule;
import jakarta.validation.constraints.NotEmpty;
import jakarta.validation.constraints.NotNull;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.handler.predicate.AbstractRoutePredicateFactory;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.handler.predicate.GatewayPredicate;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.support.ipresolver.RemoteAddressResolver;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.function.Predicate;
import static org.springframework.cloud.gateway.support.ShortcutConfigurable.ShortcutType.GATHER_LIST;
/**
* Create by zjg on 2024/7/29
*/
@Component
public class BlackRemoteAddrRoutePredicateFactory extends AbstractRoutePredicateFactory<BlackRemoteAddrRoutePredicateFactory.Config> {
private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(BlackRemoteAddrRoutePredicateFactory.class);
public BlackRemoteAddrRoutePredicateFactory() {
super(BlackRemoteAddrRoutePredicateFactory.Config.class);
}
@Override
public ShortcutType shortcutType() {
return GATHER_LIST;
}
@Override
public List<String> shortcutFieldOrder() {
return Collections.singletonList("sources");
}
@NotNull
private List<IpSubnetFilterRule> convert(List<String> values) {
List<IpSubnetFilterRule> sources = new ArrayList<>();
for (String arg : values) {
addSource(sources, arg);
}
return sources;
}
@Override
public Predicate<ServerWebExchange> apply(BlackRemoteAddrRoutePredicateFactory.Config config) {
List<IpSubnetFilterRule> sources = convert(config.sources);
return new GatewayPredicate() {
@Override
public boolean test(ServerWebExchange exchange) {
InetSocketAddress remoteAddress = config.remoteAddressResolver.resolve(exchange);
if (remoteAddress != null && remoteAddress.getAddress() != null) {
String hostAddress = remoteAddress.getAddress().getHostAddress();
String host = exchange.getRequest().getURI().getHost();
if (log.isDebugEnabled() && !hostAddress.equals(host)) {
log.debug("Black remote addresses didn't match " + hostAddress + " != " + host);
}
for (IpSubnetFilterRule source : sources) {
if (source.matches(remoteAddress)) {
exchange.getAttributes().put("BlackRemoteAddrRoutePredicateFactory",remoteAddress.getAddress().getHostAddress());
return false;//能匹配到则在黑名单中,不再执行
}
}
}
return true;
}
@Override
public Object getConfig() {
return config;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return String.format("BlackRemoteAddrs: %s", config.getSources());
}
};
}
private void addSource(List<IpSubnetFilterRule> sources, String source) {
if (!source.contains("/")) { // no netmask, add default
source = source + "/32";
}
String[] ipAddressCidrPrefix = source.split("/", 2);
String ipAddress = ipAddressCidrPrefix[0];
int cidrPrefix = Integer.parseInt(ipAddressCidrPrefix[1]);
sources.add(new IpSubnetFilterRule(ipAddress, cidrPrefix, IpFilterRuleType.ACCEPT));
}
@Validated
public static class Config {
@NotEmpty
private List<String> sources = new ArrayList<>();
@NotNull
private RemoteAddressResolver remoteAddressResolver = new RemoteAddressResolver() {
};
public List<String> getSources() {
return sources;
}
public BlackRemoteAddrRoutePredicateFactory.Config setSources(List<String> sources) {
this.sources = sources;
return this;
}
public BlackRemoteAddrRoutePredicateFactory.Config setSources(String... sources) {
this.sources = Arrays.asList(sources);
return this;
}
public BlackRemoteAddrRoutePredicateFactory.Config setRemoteAddressResolver(RemoteAddressResolver remoteAddressResolver) {
this.remoteAddressResolver = remoteAddressResolver;
return this;
}
}
}
2. 全局异常处理
java
package org.example.gateway.config;
import org.example.common.model.Result;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.support.NotFoundException;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatusCode;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpResponse;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.resource.NoResourceFoundException;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.StringWriter;
/**
* Create by zjg on 2024/7/29
*/
@RestControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(GlobalExceptionHandler.class);
@ExceptionHandler(NoResourceFoundException.class)//无可用路由
public Result exception(ServerWebExchange exchange, NoResourceFoundException ex){
String detail = ex.getBody().getDetail();
String mark="resource ";
String message = detail.substring(detail.indexOf(mark) + mark.length());
setStatusCode(exchange.getResponse(),ex.getStatusCode());
if(StringUtils.hasText(exchange.getAttribute("BlackRemoteAddrRoutePredicateFactory"))){//IP黑名单
return Result.error(ex.getStatusCode().value(),"拒绝访问","您的IP已被添加到黑名单中,拒绝访问!");
}
return Result.error(ex.getStatusCode().value(),"无可用路由",String.format("没有可用的路由[%s]",message));
}
@ExceptionHandler(NotFoundException.class)//无可用服务
public Result exception(ServerHttpResponse response,NotFoundException ex){
logger.error(ex.getMessage());
String detail = ex.getBody().getDetail();
String mark="for ";
String message = detail.substring(detail.indexOf(mark) + mark.length());
setStatusCode(response,ex.getStatusCode());
return Result.error(ex.getStatusCode().value(),"服务不可用",String.format("没有可用的服务实例[%s]",message));
}
@ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)//异常保底
public Result exception(ServerHttpResponse response,Exception exception){
StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter();
PrintWriter writer=new PrintWriter(stringWriter);
exception.printStackTrace(writer);
logger.error(stringWriter.toString());
setStatusCode(response,HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
return Result.error(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.value(),exception.getMessage());
}
private void setStatusCode(ServerHttpResponse response,HttpStatusCode httpStatusCode){
response.setStatusCode(httpStatusCode);
}
}
3. 应用配置
yml
spring:
cloud:
gateway:
routes:
- id: provider-service
uri: lb://provider-service
predicates:
- Path=/provider/**
- BlackRemoteAddr=192.168.1.1/24,127.0.0.1
4. 单元测试
bash
curl 192.168.0.104:8888/provider/hello
正常访问
黑名单访问
总结
这样我们就能通过断言配置黑名单,可以针对固定IP做灵活处理。