微头条项目补充

1. 各层的接口和实现类

1.1 实体类和VO对象

NewsUser

package com.atguigu.headline.pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import java.io.Serializable;

@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Data
public class NewsUser implements Serializable {
    private Integer uid;
    private String username;
    private String userPwd;
    private String nickName;
}

NewsType

package com.atguigu.headline.pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import java.io.Serializable;

@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Data
public class NewsType implements Serializable {
    private Integer tid;
    private String tname;
}

NewsHeadline

package com.atguigu.headline.pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;

@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Data
public class NewsHeadline implements Serializable {
    private Integer hid;
    private String title;
    private String article;
    private Integer type;
    private Integer publisher;
    private Integer pageViews;
    private Date createTime;
    private Date updateTime;
    private Integer isDeleted;

}

HeadlineQueryVo

package com.atguigu.headline.pojo.vo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import java.io.Serializable;

@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Data
public class HeadlineQueryVo implements Serializable {
    private String keyWords;
    private Integer type ;
    private Integer pageNum;
    private Integer pageSize;
}

HeadlinePageVo

package com.atguigu.headline.pojo.vo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import java.io.Serializable;

@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Data
public class HeadlinePageVo implements Serializable {
    private Integer hid;
    private String title;
    private Integer type;
    private Integer pageViews;
    private Long pastHours;
    private Integer publisher;
}

HeadlineDetailVo

package com.atguigu.headline.pojo.vo;


import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import java.io.Serializable;

@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Data
public class HeadlineDetailVo implements Serializable {
    private Integer hid;
    private String title;
    private String article;
    private Integer type;
    private String typeName;
    private Integer pageViews;
    private Long pastHours;
    private Integer publisher;
    private String author;
}

1.2 DAO层接口和实现类

BaseDao基础类,封装了公共的查询方法和公共的增删改方法

• 注意,所有的Dao接口的实现类都要继承BaseDao

  package com.atguigu.headline.dao;

  import com.atguigu.headline.util.JDBCUtil;
  import java.lang.reflect.Field;
  import java.sql.*;
  import java.time.LocalDateTime;
  import java.util.ArrayList;
  import java.util.List;

  public class BaseDao {
  // 公共的查询方法 返回的是单个对象
  public <T> T baseQueryObject(Class<T> clazz, String sql, Object ... args) {
  T t = null;
  Connection connection = JDBCUtil.getConnection();
  PreparedStatement preparedStatement = null;
  ResultSet resultSet = null;
  int rows = 0;
  try {
  // 准备语句对象
  preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
  // 设置语句上的参数
  for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
  preparedStatement.setObject(i + 1, args[i]);
  }

            // 执行 查询
            resultSet = preparedStatement.executeQuery();
            if (resultSet.next()) {
                t = (T) resultSet.getObject(1);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } finally {
            if (null != resultSet) {
                try {
                    resultSet.close();
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
                }
            }
            if (null != preparedStatement) {
                try {
                    preparedStatement.close();
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
                }
  
            }
            JDBCUtil.releaseConnection();
        }
        return t;
    }
    // 公共的查询方法  返回的是对象的集合
  
    public <T> List<T> baseQuery(Class clazz, String sql, Object ... args){
        List<T> list =new ArrayList<>();
        Connection connection = JDBCUtil.getConnection();
        PreparedStatement preparedStatement=null;
        ResultSet resultSet =null;
        int rows = 0;
        try {
            // 准备语句对象
            preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
            // 设置语句上的参数
            for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
                preparedStatement.setObject(i+1,args[i]);
            }
  
            // 执行 查询
            resultSet = preparedStatement.executeQuery();
  
            ResultSetMetaData metaData = resultSet.getMetaData();
            int columnCount = metaData.getColumnCount();
  
            // 将结果集通过反射封装成实体类对象
            while (resultSet.next()) {
                // 使用反射实例化对象
                Object obj =clazz.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance();
  
                for (int i = 1; i <= columnCount; i++) {
                    String columnName = metaData.getColumnLabel(i);
                    Object value = resultSet.getObject(columnName);
                    // 处理datetime类型字段和java.util.Data转换问题
                    if(value.getClass().equals(LocalDateTime.class)){
                        value= Timestamp.valueOf((LocalDateTime) value);
                    }
                    Field field = clazz.getDeclaredField(columnName);
                    field.setAccessible(true);
                    field.set(obj,value);
                }
  
                list.add((T)obj);
            }
  
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } finally {
            if (null !=resultSet) {
                try {
                    resultSet.close();
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
                }
            }
            if (null != preparedStatement) {
                try {
                    preparedStatement.close();
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
                }
            }
            JDBCUtil.releaseConnection();
        }
        return list;
    }
    
    // 通用的增删改方法
    public int baseUpdate(String sql,Object ... args) {
        // 获取连接
        Connection connection = JDBCUtil.getConnection();
        PreparedStatement preparedStatement=null;
        int rows = 0;
        try {
            // 准备语句对象
            preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
            // 设置语句上的参数
            for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
                preparedStatement.setObject(i+1,args[i]);
            }
  
            // 执行 增删改 executeUpdate
            rows = preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
            // 释放资源(可选)
  
  
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } finally {
            if (null != preparedStatement) {
                try {
                    preparedStatement.close();
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
                }
  
            }
            JDBCUtil.releaseConnection();
        }
        // 返回的是影响数据库记录数
        return rows;
    }
  

  }

dao层的所有接口

package com.atguigu.headline.dao;
public interface NewsHeadLineDao {
    
}

package com.atguigu.headline.dao;
public interface NewsTypeDao {
    
}


package com.atguigu.headline.dao;
public interface NewsUserDao {

}

dao层的所有实现类

package com.atguigu.headline.dao.impl;
import com.atguigu.headline.dao.BaseDao;
import com.atguigu.headline.dao.NewsHeadLineDao;
public class NewsHeadlineDaoImpl extends BaseDao implements NewsHeadLineDao{
    
}

package com.atguigu.headline.dao.impl;
import com.atguigu.headline.dao.BaseDao;
import com.atguigu.headline.dao.NewsTypeDao;
public class NewsTypeDaoImpl extends BaseDao implements NewsTypeDao{
    
}

package com.atguigu.headline.dao.impl;
import com.atguigu.headline.dao.BaseDao;
import com.atguigu.headline.dao.NewsUserDao;
public class NewsUserDaoImpl extends BaseDao implements NewsUserDao{
    
}

1.3 Service层接口和实现类

service层所有接口

package com.atguigu.headline.service;
public interface NewsHeadlineService {
    
}

package com.atguigu.headline.service;
public interface NewsTypeService {
    List<NewsType> findAll();
}

package com.atguigu.headline.service;
public interface NewsUserService {
    
}

1.4 Controller层接口和实现类

BaseController 用于将路径关联到处理方法的基础控制器

• 所有的Controller都要继承该类

  package com.atguigu.headline.controller;

  import jakarta.servlet.ServletException;
  import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
  import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
  import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

  import java.io.IOException;
  import java.lang.reflect.Method;

  public class BaseController extends HttpServlet {
  @Override
  protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
  // 响应的MIME类型和乱码问题
  resp.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");

        String requestURI = req.getRequestURI();
        String[] split = requestURI.split("/");
        String methodName =split[split.length-1];
        // 通过反射获取要执行的方法
        Class clazz = this.getClass();
        try {
            Method method=clazz.getDeclaredMethod(methodName,HttpServletRequest.class,HttpServletResponse.class);
            // 设置方法可以访问
            method.setAccessible(true);
            // 通过反射执行代码
            method.invoke(this,req,resp);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());
        }
    }
  

  }

所有的Controller类

package com.atguigu.headline.controller;
import jakarta.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
@WebServlet("/headline/*")
public class NewsHeadlineController extends BaseController {
    
}

package com.atguigu.headline.controller;
import jakarta.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
@WebServlet("/type/*")
public class NewsTypeController {
    
}

package com.atguigu.headline.controller;
import jakarta.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
@WebServlet("/user/*")
public class NewsUserController extends BaseController{
    
}

package com.atguigu.headline.controller;
import jakarta.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
@WebServlet("/portal/*")
public class PortalController extends BaseController{
    
}

2.PostMan测试工具

2.1什么是PostMan

• Postman是一个**接口测试工具**,在做接口测试的时候,Postman相当于一个客户端,它可以模拟用户发起的各类HTTP请求,将请求数据发送至服务端,获取对应的响应结果, 从而验证响应中的结果数据是否和预期值相匹配;并确保开发人员能够及时处理接口中的bug,进而保证产品上线之后的稳定性和安全性。 它主要是用来模拟各种HTTP请求的(如:get/post/delete/put..等等),Postman与浏览器的区别在于有的浏览器不能输出Json格式,而Postman更直观接口返回的结果。

2.2 怎么安装PostMan

• 官网下载地址: https://www.getpostman.com ,或者使用资料中提供的安装包

• 安装过程简单,一路next即可

• 第一次启动postman 会要求输入用户名和密码，如果没有的话，关闭，再次启动就可以直接进入了

2.3 怎么使用PostMan

启动PostMan后,创建一个collection,在该collection下专门存放和微头条项目相关的测试

创建完毕后,增加新的接口测试

填写要测试的接口相关的路径,参数,请求体内容等信息

测试完毕后,可以选择将该接口的测试进行保存,方便后续随时再次测试