ELKstack实践总结

happy_king_zi2024-08-14 15:09

一、ELKstack实践总结

使用版本6.3.2

一）elkstack认证插件x-pack

1、启用试用版认证

启用trial license（30天试用）

复制代码 
curl -H "Content-Type:application/json" -XPOST  http://localhost:9200/_xpack/license/start_trial?acknowledge=true

**　　elasticsearch.yml 没添加认证前**

复制代码 
cluster.name: elkstacktest
node.name: l-elkstack1
path.data: /data/elasticsearch/data
path.logs: /data/elasticsearch/logs
bootstrap.system_call_filter: false
bootstrap.memory_lock: false
network.host: 10.0.32.8
http.port: 9200
http.cors.enabled: true
http.cors.allow-origin: "*"
xpack.security.enabled: true


node.master: true
node.data: true

thread_pool.search.size: 100
thread_pool.search.queue_size: 2000
thread_pool.search.min_queue_size: 2000
thread_pool.search.max_queue_size: 2000

认证各个认证用户的用户名和密码：/usr/share/elasticsearch/bin/elasticsearch-setup-passwords interactive

复制代码 
Initiating the setup of passwords for reserved users elastic,apm_system,kibana,logstash_system,beats_system,remote_monitoring_user.
You will be prompted to enter passwords as the process progresses.
Please confirm that you would like to continue [y/N]y


Enter password for [elastic]: 
Reenter password for [elastic]: 
Enter password for [apm_system]: 
Reenter password for [apm_system]: 
Enter password for [kibana]: 
Reenter password for [kibana]: 
Enter password for [logstash_system]: 
Reenter password for [logstash_system]: 
Enter password for [beats_system]: 
Reenter password for [beats_system]: 
Enter password for [remote_monitoring_user]: 
Reenter password for [remote_monitoring_user]: 
Changed password for user [apm_system]
Changed password for user [kibana]
Changed password for user [logstash_system]
Changed password for user [beats_system]
Changed password for user [remote_monitoring_user]
Changed password for user [elastic]

二）收集工具filebeat

1、收集日志：filebeat.yml

IP的正则表达式

复制代码 
^((2(5[0-5]|[0-4]\d))|[0-1]?\d{1,2})(\.((2(5[0-5]|[0-4]\d))|[0-1]?\d{1,2})){3}

收集Tomcat实例启动的程序的日志：

复制代码 
############################# Filebeat ######################################
filebeat:
  inputs:
    -
      paths:
        - "/home/d/www/{{ project }}/logs/*.log"
        - "/home/d/www/{{ project }}/logs/catalina.out" 
      exclude_files:
        - "localhost*.log"
      input_type: log
      document_type: {{ project }}
      fields:
        log_topic: {{ project }}
      enabled: True
      multiline:
        pattern: '^DEBUG|^INFO|^WARN|^ERROR|^[0-9]{4}-[0-9]{2}-[0-9]{2}'
        # pattern: '^#\sQuery\s[0-9]{0,}:' # \s 空格
        match: after
        negate: true
      tail_files: true
#      ignore_older: 4h
      queue:
        mem:
          events: 8192
          flush.min_events: 10  
          fulsh.timeout: 10s

  registry_file: /var/lib/filebeat/registry

processors:
  - 
    drop_fields:
      fields: ["beat","offset"]

output:
  kafka:
    enabled: true
    hosts: ["l-kafkacluster1.ops.com:9092","l-kafkacluster2.ops.com:9092","l-kafkacluster3.ops.com:9092","l-kafkacluster4.ops.com:9092","l-kafkacluster5.ops.com:9092"] 
    topic: '%{[fields.log_topic]}'
#    partition.round_robin:
#      reachable_only: false 
#    worker: 2


############################# Logging #########################################
logging:
  files:
    path: /var/log/filebeat
    name: filebeat
    rotateeverybytes: 10485760 # =10MB
    keepfiles: 3
    level: error

收集jar程序的日志

复制代码 
############################# Filebeat ######################################
filebeat:
  inputs:
    -
      paths:
        - "/home/d/{{ project }}/logs/*.log"
        - "/home/d/www/{{ project }}/logs/*.log"
      input_type: log
      document_type: {{ project }}
      fields:
        log_topic: {{ project }}
      enabled: True
      multiline:
        pattern: '^DEBUG|^INFO|^WARN|^ERROR|^[0-9]{4}-[0-9]{2}-[0-9]{2}'
        match: after
        negate: true
      tail_files: true
      queue:
        mem:
          events: 8192
          flush.min_events: 10  
          fulsh.timeout: 10s

  registry_file: /var/lib/filebeat/registry

processors:
  - 
    drop_fields:
      fields: ["beat","offset"]

output:
  kafka:
    enabled: true
    hosts: ["l-kafkacluster1.ops.com:9092","l-kafkacluster2.ops.com:9092","l-kafkacluster3.ops.com:9092","l-kafkacluster4.ops.com:9092","l-kafkacluster5.ops.com:9092"] 
    topic: '%{[fields.log_topic]}'
#    partition.round_robin:
#      reachable_only: false 
#    worker: 2


############################# Logging #########################################
logging:
  files:
    path: /var/log/filebeat
    name: filebeat
    rotateeverybytes: 10485760 #  ==10MB
    keepfiles: 3
    level: error

**　　elasticsearch.yml 添加认证**

复制代码 
　　xpack.security.enabled: true添加下面这段（可以不配置认证密码）
复制代码 
xpack:
  security:
    authc:
      realms:
        ldap1:
          type: ldap
          order: 0
          url: "ldap://ldap.ops.com"
          bind_dn: "cn=admin,dc=ops,dc=com"
          bind_password: ops.com
          user_search:
            base_dn: "ou=技术中心,dc=ops,dc=com" 
            filter: "(cn={0})"
          group_search:
            base_dn: "dc=daling,dc=com"
          unmapped_groups_as_roles: false
2、kibana控制台推认证map或者调用es的api进行认证
复制代码 
获取用户认证信息：
curl -XGET  -uwangzhenshan1 '10.0.32.8:9200/_xpack/security/_authenticate?pretty' 



POST _xpack/security/role_mapping/mapping1
{
  "roles": [ "superuser"],
  "enabled": true, 
  "rules": {
    "field" : { "username" : "*" }
  },
  "metadata" : { 
    "version" : 1
  }
}

创建超级用户：

DELETE _xpack/security/role_mapping/superuser


创建普通用户
注意：查看索引需要创建两个map要同时创建

DELETE _xpack/security/role_mapping/kibana_users

PUT _xpack/security/role_mapping/kibana_users
{
  "roles" : [ "kibana_user" ],
  "rules" : { "field" : {
    "dn": "*,ou=技术中心,dc=ops,dc=com"
  } },
  "enabled": true
}


PUT _xpack/security/role_mapping/ops_users
{
  "roles" : [ "ops_users" ],
  "rules" : { "field" : {
    "dn": "*,ou=技术中心,dc=ops,dc=com"
  } },
  "enabled": true
}

三）消息队列kafka及集群管理工具zookeeper

四）数据处理logstash

1、单机多实例注意事项
1、更改文件/usr/share/logstash/vendor/bundle/jruby/2.3.0/gems/awesome_print-1.8.0/lib/awesome_print/inspector.rb

注释掉报错那行

2、启动时，注意注定不同的path路径

启动方式如下：

复制代码 
/usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash -f /etc/logstash/conf.d/logstash-tengine1.conf --path.data=/data/logstash/tengine/tengine1
3、使用supervisor管理

注意指定java的环境变量

复制代码 
[program:logstash-tengine1]
user=root
environment=JAVA_HOME=/home/d/java/jdk1.8.0_144
command=/usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash -f /etc/logstash/conf.d/logstash-tengine1.conf --path.data=/data/logstash/tengine/tengine1
directory=/
autostart=True
autorestart=True
redirect_stderr=True
stopsignal=INT
stopasgroup=True
2、更改默认的配置文件
1、日志处理配置文件：分析nginx的访问日志IP------GeoLite2-City（地址库）

logstash处理nginx访问日志的配置文件

复制代码 
input {
  kafka {
    bootstrap_servers => ["l-kafkacluster1.ops.com:9092,l-kafkacluster2.ops.com:9092,l-kafkacluster3.ops.com:9092,l-kafkacluster4.ops.com:9092,l-kafkacluster5.ops.com:9092"]
    group_id => "elkstack-ali"
    topics => ["ng"]
    auto_offset_reset => "latest"
    decorate_events => true
    consumer_threads => 3   ##指定工作线程数
    auto_commit_interval_ms => "300"
    codec => json
  }
}

filter {
  grok {
    match => { 
      "message" => '%{IPV4:clientip} - - \[%{HTTPDATE:timestamp}\] "%{WORD:verb} %{URIPATHPARAM:request} HTTP/%{NUMBER:httpversion}" %{NUMBER:response:int} (?:%{NUMBER:bytes:int}|-) "(?<referrer>.*?)" %{QS:agent} "(?:%{IPV4:forwarded}|-)" "%{BASE10NUM:request_duration_front:float}" "(%{BASE10NUM:request_duration_back:float}|.*?)" "%{IPORHOST:domain}" "(%{IPORHOST:upstream_host}:%{POSINT:upstream_port}|.*?)" "(?<clientid>.*)" "(?<platform>.*)" "(?<IDFA>.*)" "(?<uid>.*)" "(?<version>.*)" "(?<xcrole>.*)" "(?<bundle>.*)" "(?<net>.*)" "(?<ut>.*)" "(?<app>.*)"'
    }
    overwrite => ["message"]

  }

  geoip {
        source => "clientip"
        database => "/etc/logstash/GeoLite2-City/GeoLite2-City.mmdb"
  }

  if [request] {
    ruby {
        init=> "@kname = ['uri','url_args']"
        code => "
            new_event = LogStash::Event.new(Hash[@kname.zip(event.get('request').split('?'))])
            new_event.remove('@timestamp')
            event.append(new_event)
        "
    }
  }

#  date {
#    timezone => "Asia/Shanghai"
#    match => ["timestamp", "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS"]
#    target => "@timestamp"
#  }

#  mutate {
#    remove_field => ["@timestamp","fields.@timestamp"]
#
#  }

}
output {
   stdout {
     codec => rubydebug
   }
   elasticsearch {
     hosts => ["elastic1.ops.com:9200"]
     index => "logstash-tengine34-access-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
     user => "elastic"
     password => "changeme"
     template_overwrite => true
  }
}

处理nginx（版本低于1.11.8）日志中乱码

复制代码 
input {
  kafka {
    bootstrap_servers => ["l-kafkacluster1.ops.bj2.daling.com:9092,l-kafkacluster2.ops.bj2.daling.com:9092,l-kafkacluster3.ops.bj2.daling.com:9092,l-kafkacluster4.ops.bj2.daling.com:9092,l-kafkacluster5.ops.bj2.daling.com:9092"]
    group_id => "elkstack-aliyun"
    topics => ["errorpush"]
    auto_offset_reset => "latest"
    decorate_events => true
    consumer_threads => 5
    auto_commit_interval_ms => "2000"
    codec => json
    #{ escaped_hex_codes => true }
    #codec => plain { charset => "UTF-8"}
  }
}

filter {
  grok {
    match => {
      "message" => '%{IPV4:clientip} \[%{HTTPDATE:timestamp}\] "%{WORD:verb} %{URIPATHPARAM:request} HTTP/%{NUMBER:httpversion}" %{NUMBER:response:int} "(?<uid>.*)" "(?<platform>.*)" "(?<appversion>.*)" "(?<eventType>.*)" "(?<apiName>.*)" "(?<method>.*)" "(?<costTime>.*)" "(?<fullRequest>.*)" "(?<resDetail>.*)"'
    }
    overwrite => ["message"]
  }

  if[apiName] {
    ruby {
        code => "
            tempapiName = event.get('apiName').gsub(/\\x/,'%').gsub!(/%[a-fA-F0-9]{2}/) { |x| x = x[1..2].hex.chr }
            event.set('apiName',tempapiName)
        "
    }
  }

  if[resDetail] {
    ruby {
        code => "
            tempresDetail = event.get('resDetail').gsub(/\\x/,'%').gsub!(/%[a-fA-F0-9]{2}/) { |x| x = x[1..2].hex.chr }
            event.set('resDetail',tempresDetail)
        "
    }
  }
}
output {
  stdout {
    codec => rubydebug
  }
  elasticsearch {
    hosts => ["elastic1.ops.bj3.daling.com:9200"]
    index => "logstash-errorpush-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
    template_overwrite=>true
    #codec => plain { charset => "UTF-8"}
    user => "elastic"
    password => "Daling@Com"
  }
}

日志目录多个日志文件，对路径进行切割

复制代码 
input {
  kafka {
    bootstrap_servers => ["l-kafkacluster1.ops.com:9092,l-kafkacluster2.ops.com:9092,l-kafkacluster3.ops.com:9092,l-kafkacluster4.ops.com:9092,l-kafkacluster5.ops.com:9092"]
    group_id => "elkstack-ali"
    topics => ["xcsale"]
    auto_offset_reset => "latest"
    decorate_events => true
    consumer_threads => 5
    auto_commit_interval_ms => "300"
    codec => json {}
  }
}

filter {
  mutate {
    split =>["source","/"]
      add_field => {
        "log_project" => "%{[source][-3]}"
        "log_filename" => "%{[source][-1]}"
        }
  }
}

output {
  stdout{
    codec => rubydebug
  }
  elasticsearch {
    hosts => ["elastic1.ops.com:9200"]
    index => "logstash-%{log_project}-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
    user => "elastic"
    password => "changeme"
  }
}

logstash处理消费kafka多个topic，分别生产索引

复制代码 
input{
  kafka{
    bootstrap_servers => "kafka-01:9092,kafka-02:9092,kafka-03:9092"
    topics_pattern  => "elk-.*"
    consumer_threads => 5
    decorate_events => true
    codec => "json"
    auto_offset_reset => "latest"
    group_id => "logstash1"##logstash 集群需相同

}
}
filter {
        ruby {
        code => "event.timestamp.time.localtime"
      }


        mutate {
        remove_field => ["beat"]
    }
        grok {
             match => {"message" => "\[(?<time>\d+-\d+-\d+\s\d+:\d+:\d+)\] \[(?<level>\w+)\] (?<thread>[\w|-]+) (?<class>[\w|\.]+) (?<lineNum>\d+):(?<msg>.+)"
 }

}
}
output {
   elasticsearch {
         hosts => ["192.168.16.221:9200","192.168.16.251:9200","192.168.16.252:9200"]
   #      index => "%{[fields][logtopic}" ##直接在日志中匹配，索引会去掉elk
         index =>  "%{[@metadata][topic]}-%{+YYYY-MM-dd}" 
}    
    stdout {
        codec => rubydebug
    }
}
2、更改logstash.yml默认配置

主要更改以下几点

复制代码 
# This defaults to the number of the host's CPU cores.
pipeline.workers: 20
pipeline.output.workers: 10
#
# How many events to retrieve from inputs before sending to filters+workers
#
pipeline.batch.size: 500
#
# How long to wait in milliseconds while polling for the next event
# before dispatching an undersized batch to filters+outputs
#
pipeline.batch.delay: 50
3、jvm.options
复制代码 
-Xms90g
-Xmx90g

五）数据存储：倒叙查询数据库elasticsearch

1、配置文件elasticsearch.yml

主要配置如下

复制代码 
cluster.name: escluster-b
node.name: l-esb1
path.data: /data/elasticsearch/data
path.logs: /data/elasticsearch/logs
bootstrap.memory_lock: true
bootstrap.system_call_filter: false
network.host: 10.0.26.63
http.port: 9200
discovery.zen.minimum_master_nodes: 2
discovery.zen.ping_timeout: 60s
discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["10.0.26.63", "10.0.27.35", "10.0.27.65"]

thread_pool.search.size: 200
thread_pool.search.queue_size: 2000
thread_pool.search.min_queue_size: 2000
thread_pool.search.max_queue_size: 2000

thread_pool.bulk.queue_size: 1000

阿里云es集群优化参数：提高写入效率

复制代码 
thread_pool:
  write:
    queue_size: '5000'

六）数据查询控制台：kibana

更改kibana的查询超时时间

https://www.cnblogs.com/happy-king/p/9597608.html

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