Dockerfile+私有仓库

使用Dockerfile创建应用镜像

在Docker file中定义所需要执⾏的指令，使⽤ docker build创建镜像，过程中会按照dockerfile所定义的内容进⾏打开临时性容器，把docker file中命令全部执⾏完成，就得到了⼀个容器应⽤镜像，每⼀⾏命令都会出现容器，都会使⽤docker commit进⾏提交⼀个临时性的镜像
Docker file关键字
1.FORM 指定基础镜像为该镜像的最后修改版本
2.FROM <image :tag>指定基础镜像为该镜像的⼀个tag版本
3.MAINTAINER 指定镜像创建者，企业内部不⽤指定，对外发布也可以不指定
3.RUN 运⾏命令，安装软件
4.CMD 设置container启动时进⾏的操作，如果容器镜像中有这个命名，启动容器时，不要⼿动让容器执⾏其他命令
5.ENTRYPORINT（⼊⼝点）cmd每次只能执⾏⼀个指令， entrypoint可以多⾏执⾏。
6.USER设置容器进程的⼀些⽤户
7.EXPOSE 暴露端⼝指定容器需要映射到宿主机的端⼝
8.ENV 设置环境变量 -e
9.ADD 从宿主机src复制⽂件到容器的dest路径
10.volumn 指定挂载点
11.WROKDIR 切换⽬录
12.ONBUILD在⼦镜像中执⾏指令

通过dockerfile创建⼀个在启动容器时，就可以启动httpd服务的镜像

步骤：
1.创建⼀个⽬录，⽤于存储Docker file所使⽤的⽂件
2.在此⽬录中创建Docker file⽂件，以及镜像制作所使⽤的⽂件
3.使⽤docker build创建镜像
4.使⽤创建的镜像启动容器（验证）

root@docker \~\]# mkdir httpd0 \[root@docker \~\]# cd httpd0 编辑启动脚本：启动http服务 \[root@docker httpd0\]# vim abc.sh #!/bin/bash rm -rf /run/httpd/\* exec /sbin/httpd -D FOREGROUND \[root@docker httpd0\]# ls abc.sh 编辑index.html文件： \[root@docker httpd0\]# echo "httpd server is running" \> index.html \[root@docker httpd0\]# ls abc.sh index.html 编辑Dockerfile \[root@docker httpd0\]#vim Dockerfile FROM centos:latest MAINTAINER "centos httpd server" RUN rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/* RUN curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo RUN yum clean all && yum makecache RUN yum -y install epel-release RUN yum -y install httpd ADD abc.sh /abc.sh ADD index.html /var/www/html/index.html RUN chmod -v +x /abc.sh CMD ["/bin/bash","/abc.sh"] 创建镜像 \[root@docker httpd0\]# docker build -t centos:httpd . 查看镜像 创建容器测试 \[root@docker httpd0\]#docker run -d --name c0 centos:httpd e50856f7eee27e8aa8d9803ffd11f4b8f02c67bce489165f39f9251acf143f6b \[root@docker httpd0\]# docker ps --all CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES e50856f7eee2 centos:httpd "/bin/bash /abc.sh" 8 seconds ago Up 7 seconds c0 查看IP地址 \[root@docker httpd0\]#docker inspect c0 \[root@docker httpd0\]#curl 172.17.0.3 httpd server is running #### 通过Dockerfile创建yum镜像 在上述的配置（通过Dockerfile创建httpd镜像）中进行修改： \[root@docker httpd0\]#vim Dockerfile FROM centos:latest MAINTAINER "centos httpd server" RUN rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/* RUN curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo RUN yum clean all && yum makecache RUN yum -y install epel-release \[root@docker httpd0\]# docker build -t centos:yum . \[root@docker httpd0\]# docker run -it --name c1 centos:yum /bin/bash crtl+p+q \[root@docker httpd0\]# docker ps --all CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES e36a888b2a24 centos:yum "/bin/bash" 29 seconds ago Up 28 seconds c1 e50856f7eee2 centos:httpd "/bin/bash /abc.sh" 23 minutes ago Up 23 minutes c0 #### 通过Dockerfile创建nginx镜像 利用已经存在的yum镜像来创建nginx镜像 \[root@docker \~\]#mkdir 002 \[root@docker \~\]#cd 002 \[root@docker 002\]# vim Dockerfile FROM centos:yum MAINTAINER 和平 RUN yum -y install epel-release RUN yum -y install nginx RUN echo "daemon off;" >> /etc/nginx/nginx.conf EXPOSE 80 CMD /usr/sbin/nginx \[root@docker 002\]#docker build -t centos:nginx . \[root@docker 002\]# docker run -d --name c2 centos:nginx f18c2b57f40f442726b1837d4c28f96dcb17c4c812ecfbac532d4ae2692fc98b \[root@docker 002\]# docker ps --all CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES f18c2b57f40f centos:nginx "/bin/sh -c /usr/sbi..." 12 seconds ago Up 11 seconds 80/tcp c2 ## 私有仓库 1.安装仓库镜像 \[root@docker \~\]# docker pull registry 2.创建容器，映射端⼝，挂载⽂件 # 创建挂载目录 [root@docker ~]# mkdir /regist # 查看容器--全部删掉 [root@docker ~]# docker ps --all CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES # 创建容器，映射端⼝，挂载⽂件 [root@docker ~]# docker run -d --name r1 -v /regist/:/var/lib/registry -p5000:5000 registry:latest 4cd2b4d2c49fb4bdc6cf64aacea6c72a38f2c0eb3beccc6ed6845447b081a06f # 查看创建的容器 [root@docker ~]# docker ps --all CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 4cd2b4d2c49f registry:latest "/entrypoint.sh /etc..." 3 seconds ago Up 2 seconds 0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp, :::5000->5000/tcp r1 # 访问目录页 [root@docker ~]# curl localhost:5000/v2/_catalog {"repositories":[]} 3.浏览器访问：192.168.118.55:5000/v2/_catalog ![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/a80a08bb25094d2a9f72bee8c1fa49c5.png) 4.配置pull和push，修改daemon.json文件 [root@docker ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json { "registry-mirrors": [ "https://do.nark.eu.org", "https://dc.j8.work", "https://docker.m.daocloud.io", "https://dockerproxy.com", "https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn", "https://docker.nju.edu.cn" ], "hosts": [ "tcp://0.0.0.0:2375", "unix:///var/run/docker.sock" ], "insecure-registries":[ "http://192.168.118.55:5000" ] } 5.修改了daemon.json文件，重启服务 \[root@docker \~\]# systemctl restart docker.service 6.启动registry容器 # 查看容器 [root@docker ~]# docker ps --all CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 4cd2b4d2c49f registry:latest "/entrypoint.sh /etc..." 10 minutes ago Exited (2) 2 minutes ago r1 # 启动r1容器 [root@docker ~]# docker start r1 r1 # 访问⽬录⻚ [root@docker ~]# curl localhost:5000/v2/_catalog {"repositories":[]} 7.给yum镜像打标签 # 为要上传的镜像添加标记 \[root@docker \~\]# docker tag centos:yum 192.168.118.55:5000/centos:yum # 查看打标签的镜像 \[root@docker \~\]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE 192.168.118.50:5000/centos yum ee9375ac855c 2 hours ago 272MB centos yum ee9375ac855c 2 hours ago 272MB registry latest cfb4d9904335 10 months ago 25.4MB 8.将打标签的镜像上传 \[root@docker \~\]# docker push 192.168.118.55:5000/centos:yum 9.在主机上进行访问 \[root@docker \~\]# curl localhost:5000/v2/_catalog {"repositories":\["centos"\]} 10.浏览器访问：192.168.118.55:5000/v2/_catalog ![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/a7173ecbf5ba47c7815fcbfb4c53f716.png) 11.查看regist文件 [root@docker ~]# ls /regist/ docker [root@docker ~]# cd /regist/docker/ [root@docker docker]# ls registry [root@docker docker]# cd registry/ [root@docker registry]# ls v2 [root@docker registry]# cd v2 [root@docker v2]# ls blobs repositories [root@docker v2]# cd repositories/ [root@docker repositories]# ls centos [root@docker repositories]# cd centos/ [root@docker centos]# ls _layers _manifests _uploads [root@docker centos]# cd _layers/ [root@docker _layers]# ls sha256 [root@docker _layers]# cd sha256/ [root@docker sha256]# ls 30902bbca4a1d948703fd88d834ddf4dc8db69bb7e787ff18a762b6b4761fe37 46aacd2dd64664a37b01ee3a9f37561ed9b34c5af6661b880ee07a15d5fe8fd6 5a3d9ba04912ac6b1353410a0f18cc206b4920888e3187443abacefe3c9086ab a1d0c75327776413fa0db9ed3adcdbadedc95a662eb1d360dad82bb913f8a1d1 ca847d29e1079f24cfc92b68cf37d5866060814df67cbdcd83edb16f1dc4fe54 ee9375ac855c3a1f8ec3eb03cee9317c3127e4be47cb3d6f519d9e6921a6a044