文章目录
- 1、准备主服务器
- 2、准备从服务器
- 3、主库配置
- 4、从库配置
- 5、搭建主从&测试
- 6、在3306主机上创建mydb1
- 7、在3306主机上创建mydb2
- 8、在3306主机上创建mydb3
- 9、在3306主机上创建mydb4
mysql集群：
单台设备的负载压力：主从复制
集群：分摊访问压力和存储压力
需求：使用 3306 mysql当作主， 3316 mysql 当作从，在3306中对 mydb2/mydb3 数据库所有的操作，希望能够主从复制同步到3316，其他的数据库操作不同步。
1、准备主服务器
shell
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS
ab66508d9441 mysql:8 "docker-entrypoint.s..." 8 months ago Up 9 days 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp spzx-mysql此时我已经有一个主服务器 spzx-mysql
2、准备从服务器
sh
docker run -d \
-p 3316:3306 \
-v mysql-slave1-conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d \
-v mysql-slave1-data:/var/lib/mysql \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 \
--name atguigu-mysql-slave1 \
mysql:8
cpp
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
c236f876ae40 mysql:8 "docker-entrypoint.s..." 10 seconds ago Up 3 seconds 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3316->3306/tcp, :::3316->3306/tcp atguigu-mysql-slave1
ab66508d9441 mysql:8 "docker-entrypoint.s..." 8 months ago Up 9 days 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp spzx-mysql3、主库配置
- 先在主mysql中配置 记录mydb2/mydb3库的操作日志到binlog日志文件中
-- 主库写操作会按照配置记录到二进制文件中（binlog）
-- 主库需要创建一个从账户并分配可以读取binlog日志的权限 - 在从mysql中配置中继日志文件，用来保存读取到的mysql主的 binlog 日志
-- 从库可以开启主从复制，从指定的主库的binlog文件中加载日志缓存到自己的relaylog文件中，最后通过一个sql线程将relaylog文件中的日志replay到自己的库表中
-- 从库需要使用主库提供的账号和主库的binlog文件建立连接
3.1、创建MySQL主服务器配置文件：
sh
[root@localhost ~]# docker inspect spzx-mysql
cpp
"Mounts": [
{
"Type": "volume",
"Name": "mysql_conf",
"Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/mysql_conf/_data",
"Destination": "/etc/mysql",
"Driver": "local",
"Mode": "z",
"RW": true,
"Propagation": ""
},
{
"Type": "volume",
"Name": "mysql_data",
"Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/mysql_data/_data",
"Destination": "/var/lib/mysql",
"Driver": "local",
"Mode": "z",
"RW": true,
"Propagation": ""
}
],
sh
[root@localhost _data]# cd /var/lib/docker/volumes/mysql_conf/_data
[root@localhost _data]# ll
总用量 8
drwxrwxr-x. 2 root root 41 12月 26 2023 conf.d
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 1080 12月 21 2021 my.cnf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1448 9月 28 2021 my.cnf.fallback
sh
[root@localhost _data]# vim my.cnf配置如下内容：
sh
[mysqld]
# 服务器唯一id，默认值1
server-id=1
# 设置日志格式，默认值ROW。row（记录行数据） statement（记录sql） mixed（混合模式）
binlog_format=STATEMENT
# 二进制日志名，默认binlog
# log-bin=binlog
log-bin=spzxbinlog
# 设置需要复制的数据库，默认复制全部数据库
binlog-do-db=mydb2
binlog-do-db=mydb3
# 设置不需要复制的数据库
binlog-ignore-db=mydb4
#binlog-ignore-db=infomation_schema
cpp
[root@localhost _data]# docker restart spzx-mysql
spzx-mysql
cpp
[root@localhost _data]# ll ../../mysql_data/_data/
4、从库配置
cpp
[root@localhost _data]# docker inspect atguigu-mysql-slave1 
cpp
vim /var/lib/docker/volumes/mysql-slave1-conf/_data/my.cnf配置如下内容：
cpp
[mysqld]
# 服务器唯一id，每台服务器的id必须不同，如果配置其他从机，注意修改id
server-id=2
# 中继日志名，默认xxxxxxxxxxxx-relay-bin
#relay-log=relay-bin
cpp
[root@localhost _data]# docker restart atguigu-mysql-slave1
atguigu-mysql-slave15、搭建主从&测试
5.1、使用命令行登录MySQL主服务器
sh
[root@localhost _data]# docker exec -it spzx-mysql /bin/bash
root@ab66508d9441:/# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.27 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.5.2、主机中查询master状态：
cpp
mysql> show master status;
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| spzxbinlog.000001 | 156 | mydb2,mydb3 | mydb4 | |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)5.3、从机中查询slave状态：
sh
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it atguigu-mysql-slave1 /bin/bash
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
root@c236f876ae40:/# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.27 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
cpp
mysql> show slave status;
Empty set, 1 warning (0.02 sec)从库必须和主库主动建立连接 开启自己的sql和io线程
5.4、主机中创建slave用户：
sql
-- 创建slave用户
CREATE USER 'atguigu_slave'@'%';
-- 设置密码
ALTER USER 'atguigu_slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
-- 授予复制权限
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'atguigu_slave'@'%';
-- 刷新权限
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
cpp
mysql> show master status;
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| spzxbinlog.000001 | 1074 | mydb2,mydb3 | mydb4 | |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)5.5、在从机上配置主从关系：
sql
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.74.148',
MASTER_USER='atguigu_slave',MASTER_PASSWORD='123456', MASTER_PORT=3306,
MASTER_LOG_FILE='spzxbinlog.000001',MASTER_LOG_POS=1074;
sql
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.74.148',
-> MASTER_USER='atguigu_slave',MASTER_PASSWORD='123456', MASTER_PORT=3306,
-> MASTER_LOG_FILE='spzxbinlog.000001',MASTER_LOG_POS=1074;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 9 warnings (0.05 sec)
cpp
mysql> show slave status;
+----------------+----------------+---------------+-------------+---------------+-------------------+---------------------+-------------------------------+---------------+-----------------------+------------------+-------------------+-----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+------------+------------+--------------+---------------------+-----------------+-----------------+----------------+---------------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+-----------------+-------------------+----------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------+---------------+---------------+----------------+----------------+-----------------------------+------------------+-------------+-------------------------+-----------+---------------------+-------------------------+--------------------+-------------+-------------------------+--------------------------+----------------+--------------------+--------------------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------+--------------+--------------------+------------------------+-----------------------+-------------------+
| Slave_IO_State | Master_Host | Master_User | Master_Port | Connect_Retry | Master_Log_File | Read_Master_Log_Pos | Relay_Log_File | Relay_Log_Pos | Relay_Master_Log_File | Slave_IO_Running | Slave_SQL_Running | Replicate_Do_DB | Replicate_Ignore_DB | Replicate_Do_Table | Replicate_Ignore_Table | Replicate_Wild_Do_Table | Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table | Last_Errno | Last_Error | Skip_Counter | Exec_Master_Log_Pos | Relay_Log_Space | Until_Condition | Until_Log_File | Until_Log_Pos | Master_SSL_Allowed | Master_SSL_CA_File | Master_SSL_CA_Path | Master_SSL_Cert | Master_SSL_Cipher | Master_SSL_Key | Seconds_Behind_Master | Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert | Last_IO_Errno | Last_IO_Error | Last_SQL_Errno | Last_SQL_Error | Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids | Master_Server_Id | Master_UUID | Master_Info_File | SQL_Delay | SQL_Remaining_Delay | Slave_SQL_Running_State | Master_Retry_Count | Master_Bind | Last_IO_Error_Timestamp | Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp | Master_SSL_Crl | Master_SSL_Crlpath | Retrieved_Gtid_Set | Executed_Gtid_Set | Auto_Position | Replicate_Rewrite_DB | Channel_Name | Master_TLS_Version | Master_public_key_path | Get_master_public_key | Network_Namespace |
+----------------+----------------+---------------+-------------+---------------+-------------------+---------------------+-------------------------------+---------------+-----------------------+------------------+-------------------+-----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+------------+------------+--------------+---------------------+-----------------+-----------------+----------------+---------------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+-----------------+-------------------+----------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------+---------------+---------------+----------------+----------------+-----------------------------+------------------+-------------+-------------------------+-----------+---------------------+-------------------------+--------------------+-------------+-------------------------+--------------------------+----------------+--------------------+--------------------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------+--------------+--------------------+------------------------+-----------------------+-------------------+
| | 192.168.74.148 | atguigu_slave | 3306 | 60 | spzxbinlog.000001 | 1074 | c236f876ae40-relay-bin.000001 | 4 | spzxbinlog.000001 | No | No | | | | | | | 0 | | 0 | 1074 | 156 | None | | 0 | No | | | | | | NULL | No | 0 | | 0 | | | 0 | | mysql.slave_master_info | 0 | NULL | | 86400 | | | | | | | | 0 | | | | | 0 | |
+----------------+----------------+---------------+-------------+---------------+-------------------+---------------------+-------------------------------+---------------+-----------------------+------------------+-------------------+-----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+------------+------------+--------------+---------------------+-----------------+-----------------+----------------+---------------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+-----------------+-------------------+----------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------+---------------+---------------+----------------+----------------+-----------------------------+------------------+-------------+-------------------------+-----------+---------------------+-------------------------+--------------------+-------------+-------------------------+--------------------------+----------------+--------------------+--------------------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------+--------------+--------------------+------------------------+-----------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
5.6、启动从库的io和sql线程：都启动成功主从才搭建成功
sql
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.03 sec)
cpp
mysql> show slave status;
+----------------------------------+----------------+---------------+-------------+---------------+-------------------+---------------------+-------------------------------+---------------+-----------------------+------------------+-------------------+-----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+------------+------------+--------------+---------------------+-----------------+-----------------+----------------+---------------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+-----------------+-------------------+----------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------+---------------+---------------+----------------+----------------+-----------------------------+------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+---------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+--------------------+-------------+-------------------------+--------------------------+----------------+--------------------+--------------------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------+--------------+--------------------+------------------------+-----------------------+-------------------+
| Slave_IO_State | Master_Host | Master_User | Master_Port | Connect_Retry | Master_Log_File | Read_Master_Log_Pos | Relay_Log_File | Relay_Log_Pos | Relay_Master_Log_File | Slave_IO_Running | Slave_SQL_Running | Replicate_Do_DB | Replicate_Ignore_DB | Replicate_Do_Table | Replicate_Ignore_Table | Replicate_Wild_Do_Table | Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table | Last_Errno | Last_Error | Skip_Counter | Exec_Master_Log_Pos | Relay_Log_Space | Until_Condition | Until_Log_File | Until_Log_Pos | Master_SSL_Allowed | Master_SSL_CA_File | Master_SSL_CA_Path | Master_SSL_Cert | Master_SSL_Cipher | Master_SSL_Key | Seconds_Behind_Master | Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert | Last_IO_Errno | Last_IO_Error | Last_SQL_Errno | Last_SQL_Error | Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids | Master_Server_Id | Master_UUID | Master_Info_File | SQL_Delay | SQL_Remaining_Delay | Slave_SQL_Running_State | Master_Retry_Count | Master_Bind | Last_IO_Error_Timestamp | Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp | Master_SSL_Crl | Master_SSL_Crlpath | Retrieved_Gtid_Set | Executed_Gtid_Set | Auto_Position | Replicate_Rewrite_DB | Channel_Name | Master_TLS_Version | Master_public_key_path | Get_master_public_key | Network_Namespace |
+----------------------------------+----------------+---------------+-------------+---------------+-------------------+---------------------+-------------------------------+---------------+-----------------------+------------------+-------------------+-----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+------------+------------+--------------+---------------------+-----------------+-----------------+----------------+---------------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+-----------------+-------------------+----------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------+---------------+---------------+----------------+----------------+-----------------------------+------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+---------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+--------------------+-------------+-------------------------+--------------------------+----------------+--------------------+--------------------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------+--------------+--------------------+------------------------+-----------------------+-------------------+
| Waiting for source to send event | 192.168.74.148 | atguigu_slave | 3306 | 60 | spzxbinlog.000001 | 1074 | c236f876ae40-relay-bin.000002 | 325 | spzxbinlog.000001 | Yes | Yes | | | | | | | 0 | | 0 | 1074 | 541 | None | | 0 | No | | | | | | 0 | No | 0 | | 0 | | | 1 | af98f4d4-a3ca-11ee-b194-0242ac110002 | mysql.slave_master_info | 0 | NULL | Replica has read all relay log; waiting for more updates | 86400 | | | | | | | | 0 | | | | | 0 | |
+----------------------------------+----------------+---------------+-------------+---------------+-------------------+---------------------+-------------------------------+---------------+-----------------------+------------------+-------------------+-----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------------+-------------------------+-----------------------------+------------+------------+--------------+---------------------+-----------------+-----------------+----------------+---------------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+-----------------+-------------------+----------------+-----------------------+-------------------------------+---------------+---------------+----------------+----------------+-----------------------------+------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+---------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+--------------------+-------------+-------------------------+--------------------------+----------------+--------------------+--------------------+-------------------+---------------+----------------------+--------------+--------------------+------------------------+-----------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
6、在3306主机上创建mydb1
此时刷新3316从数据库，发现没有mydb1
7、在3306主机上创建mydb2
此时刷新3316从数据库，发现从机复制了主机中的mydb2数据库到从机中
8、在3306主机上创建mydb3
9、在3306主机上创建mydb4
