Electron 离线环境打包解决方案（electron-forge）

1.在线环境准备

创建新项目：

bash 复制代码

# 创建并进入项目目录
mkdir my-electron-app && cd my-electron-app

# 初始化项目
npm init -y

# 安装 electron
npm install --save-dev electron

# 安装 electron-forge
npm install --save-dev @electron-forge/cli @electron-forge/maker-squirrel @electron-forge/maker-zip @electron-forge/maker-deb @electron-forge/maker-rpm

# 使用 electron-forge 转换项目
npx electron-forge import

下载所需的离线资源包：

bash 复制代码

# 在项目根目录创建离线资源文件夹
mkdir electron-offline-packages
cd electron-offline-packages

# 下载需要的 npm 包
npm pack electron
npm pack @electron-forge/cli
npm pack @electron-forge/core
npm pack @electron-forge/maker-squirrel
npm pack @electron-forge/maker-zip
npm pack @electron-forge/maker-deb
npm pack @electron-forge/maker-rpm

# 下载 Electron 二进制文件
# 从 https://npmmirror.com/mirrors/electron/ 下载对应版本
# 例如下载 v25.9.8 版本:
wget https://npmmirror.com/mirrors/electron/25.9.8/electron-v25.9.8-win32-x64.zip
wget https://npmmirror.com/mirrors/electron/25.9.8/electron-v25.9.8-win32-ia32.zip
wget https://npmmirror.com/mirrors/electron/25.9.8/SHASUMS256.txt

创建完整的项目模板：

项目结构：

plain 复制代码

my-electron-app/
├── src/
│   ├── index.html
│   ├── index.css
│   ├── index.js
│   └── preload.js
├── electron-offline-packages/
│   ├── electron-25.9.8.tgz
│   ├── electron-forge-cli-6.4.2.tgz
│   ├── electron-v25.9.8-win32-x64.zip
│   └── ...
├── package.json
├── forge.config.js
└── .npmrc

package.json:

json 复制代码

{
  "name": "my-electron-app",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "description": "My Electron App",
  "main": "src/index.js",
  "scripts": {
    "start": "electron-forge start",
    "package": "electron-forge package",
    "make": "electron-forge make"
  },
  "author": "author",
  "license": "ISC",
  "dependencies": {
    "electron-squirrel-startup": "^1.0.0"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@electron-forge/cli": "^6.4.2",
    "@electron-forge/maker-deb": "^6.4.2",
    "@electron-forge/maker-rpm": "^6.4.2",
    "@electron-forge/maker-squirrel": "^6.4.2",
    "@electron-forge/maker-zip": "^6.4.2",
    "electron": "25.9.8"
  }
}

forge.config.js:

javascript 复制代码

module.exports = {
  packagerConfig: {
    asar: true,
    download: {
      mirror: "https://npmmirror.com/mirrors/electron/",
      cache: "./electron-cache"
    }
  },
  rebuildConfig: {},
  makers: [
    {
      name: '@electron-forge/maker-squirrel',
      config: {
        name: 'my_electron_app'
      }
    },
    {
      name: '@electron-forge/maker-zip',
      platforms: ['darwin', 'win32']
    }
  ]
};

.npmrc:

plain 复制代码

registry=https://registry.npmmirror.com/
electron_mirror=https://npmmirror.com/mirrors/electron/
electron-custom-dir=25.9.8

打包整个项目：

bash 复制代码

# 将项目打包为 zip
zip -r electron-project-template.zip my-electron-app

2.离线环境使用

解压项目模板：

bash 复制代码

unzip electron-project-template.zip
cd my-electron-app

bash 复制代码

mkdir -p electron-cache/electron/25.9.8

复制 Electron 二进制文件：

bash 复制代码

# 将之前下载的 electron 二进制文件复制到缓存目录
cp electron-offline-packages/electron-v25.9.8-win32-x64.zip electron-cache/electron/25.9.8/
cp electron-offline-packages/SHASUMS256.txt electron-cache/electron/25.9.8/

离线安装依赖：

bash 复制代码

# 安装离线包
npm install ./electron-offline-packages/*.tgz

执行打包：

bash 复制代码

# 打包应用
npm run make

打包后的输出目录：

plain 复制代码

out/
├── make/
│   └── squirrel.windows/
│       └── x64/
│           ├── my_electron_app-1.0.0 Setup.exe
│           └── ...
└── my-electron-app-win32-x64/
    └── my-electron-app.exe

3.网络问题

离线环境 npm run make 时会出现 econnrefuesd ip地址错误

这个错误是因为在离线环境下还在尝试连接 npm 镜像源。需要完全禁用网络请求：

首先修改 .npmrc 文件：

plain 复制代码

registry=https://registry.npmmirror.com/  //或者换成本地代理地址http://localhost:4873/
electron_mirror=file:///D:/Electron/my-electron-app/electron-cache/ //换成
electron_custom_dir=25.9.8
offline=true
prefer-offline=true
no-proxy=true
https-proxy=false
proxy=false

修改 forge.config.js：

javascript 复制代码

module.exports = {
  packagerConfig: {
    asar: true,
    download: {
      mirror: "file:///D:/Electron/my-electron-app/electron-cache/",
      cache: "./electron-cache",
      force: false
    },
    electronZipDir:'./electron-cache/electron/25.9.8/' // 这行☆☆☆☆☆
  },
  makers: [
    {
      name: '@electron-forge/maker-squirrel',
      config: {
        name: 'my_electron_app'
      }
    },
    {
      name: '@electron-forge/maker-zip',
      platforms: ['win32']
    }
  ],
  // 添加离线配置 ☆☆☆☆☆
  electronRebuildConfig: {
    onlyModules: [],
    force: false,
    offline: true
  }
};

plain 复制代码

electron-cache/
└── electron/
    └── 25.9.8/
        ├── electron-v25.9.8-win32-x64.zip
        ├── electron-v25.9.8-win32-ia32.zip (如果需要)
        └── SHASUMS256.txt

运行打包时使用离线模式：

bash 复制代码

# Windows
set ELECTRON_ENABLE_OFFLINE_MODE=1
npm run make --offline

# Linux/Mac
export ELECTRON_ENABLE_OFFLINE_MODE=1
npm run make --offline