问题引入:
问题:
python
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
# 创建数据
x = np.linspace(0, 10, 100)
y1 = np.sin(x)
y2 = np.cos(x)
y3 = np.tan(x)
# 创建图形
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(12, 4))
# 第一个子图
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(1, 3, 1)
ax1.plot(x, y1, label='sin(x)')
ax1.set_title('图片')
ax1.set_xlabel('X-axis')
ax1.set_ylabel('Y-axis')
ax1.legend()
# 第二个子图
ax2 = fig.add_subplot(1, 3, 2)
ax2.plot(x, y2, label='cos(x)')
ax2.set_title('Cosine Wave')
ax2.set_xlabel('X-axis')
ax2.set_ylabel('Y-axis')
ax2.legend()
# 第三个子图
ax3 = fig.add_subplot(1, 3, 3)
ax3.plot(x, y3, label='tan(x)')
ax3.set_title('Tangent Wave')
ax3.set_xlabel('X-axis')
ax3.set_ylabel('Y-axis')
ax3.legend()
# 显示图形
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()
报错内容:
python
D:\Anaconda\envs\my_python\python.exe C:\my_python\code\matlib_demo\demo01.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\my_python\code\matlib_demo\demo01.py", line 14, in <module>
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(12, 4))
File "C:\Users\Jiahong\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python310\site-packages\matplotlib\pyplot.py", line 1027, in figure
manager = new_figure_manager(
File "C:\Users\Jiahong\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python310\site-packages\matplotlib\pyplot.py", line 549, in new_figure_manager
_warn_if_gui_out_of_main_thread()
File "C:\Users\Jiahong\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python310\site-packages\matplotlib\pyplot.py", line 526, in _warn_if_gui_out_of_main_thread
canvas_class = cast(type[FigureCanvasBase], _get_backend_mod().FigureCanvas)
File "C:\Users\Jiahong\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python310\site-packages\matplotlib\pyplot.py", line 358, in _get_backend_mod
switch_backend(rcParams._get("backend"))
File "C:\Users\Jiahong\AppData\Roaming\Python\Python310\site-packages\matplotlib\pyplot.py", line 416, in switch_backend
canvas_class = module.FigureCanvas
AttributeError: module 'backend_interagg' has no attribute 'FigureCanvas'. Did you mean: 'FigureCanvasAgg'?
Process finished with exit code 1
分析:
问题是出在 Matplotlib 的后端配置上。错误提示"module 'backend_interagg' has no attribute 'FigureCanvas'"表明 Matplotlib 试图使用一个名为 'backend_interagg' 的后端模块,但是这个模块并没有 'FigureCanvas' 这个属性。
-
检查后端设置 :确保您的 Matplotlib 配置文件(通常是
matplotlibrc
)中没有设置错误的 backend。您可以查看或编辑这个文件来确认 backend 设置。 -
更新 Matplotlib :您的 Matplotlib 可能需要更新。使用以下命令来更新:
bashconda update matplotlib # 如果您使用的是 conda 环境
或者
bashpip install --upgrade matplotlib # 如果您使用的是 pip
-
显式设置后端 :在您的代码中,您可能需要显式设置一个正确的后端。例如,如果您想在脚本中使用非交互式后端,可以尝试以下代码:
pythonimport matplotlib matplotlib.use('Agg') # 设置为 'Agg' 后端 import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
确保这行设置后端的代码在导入
pyplot
或pylab
之前。