Python画图3个小案例之“一起看流星雨”、“爱心跳动”、“烟花绚丽”

源码如下：

python 复制代码

import turtle  # 导入turtle库，用于图形绘制
import random  # 导入random库，生成随机数
import math  # 导入math库，进行数学计算

turtle.setup(1.0, 1.0)  # 设置窗口大小为屏幕大小
turtle.title("流星雨动画")   # 设置窗口标题
turtle.bgcolor('black')  # 设置背景颜色为黑色

t = turtle.Turtle()  # 创建一个画笔对象
t.hideturtle()  # 隐藏画笔，不显示画布的形状
t.pensize(1)    # 设置画笔的大小

# 定义流星的颜色列表
colors = ['gold', 'yellow', 'orange', 'green']  # 金色


class Meteor:  # 定义流星类
    def __init__(self):  # 初始化方法，创建每颗流星时调用
        self.r = random.randint(50, 100)    # 随机生成流星的半径
        self.k = random.uniform(2, 4)   # 随机生成角度参数
        self.x = random.randint(-1000, 1000)  # 随机生成流星的x坐标
        self.y = random.randint(-500, 500)  # 随机生成流星的y坐标
        self.speed = random.randint(5, 10)  # 随机生成流星的移动速度
        self.color = random.choice(colors)  # 随机选择流星的颜色

    def meteor(self):  # 绘制流星的方法
        # 移动画笔到指定的坐标位置处
        t.penup()
        t.goto(self.x, self.y)
        t.pendown()
        # 设置流星的颜色
        t.begin_fill()
        t.fillcolor(self.color)
        # 开始绘制流星
        t.setheading(-30)  # 设置流星的朝向
        t.right(self.k)  # 根据随机角度右转
        t.forward(self.r)  # 沿直线前进一定长度
        t.left(self.k)  # 左转回到垂直方向
        t.circle(self.r * math.sin(math.radians(self.k)), 180)  # 绘制半圆弧
        t.left(self.k)  # 再次左转恢复角度
        t.forward(self.r)  # 沿直线前进相同长度以闭合流星形状
        t.end_fill()  # 结束填充

    def move(self):  # 更新流星位置的方法
        if self.y >= -500:  # 当流星的y坐标大于等于-500时
            self.y -= self.speed  # 减小流星y坐标的大小，将画笔向下移动
            self.x += 2 * self.speed  # 增加流星x坐标的大小，将画笔向右移动
        else:  # 当流星的y坐标小于-500时
            self.r = random.randint(50, 100)  # 重新设置流星的半径
            self.k = random.uniform(2, 4)  # 重新设置角度参数
            self.x = random.randint(-2000, 1000)  # 重新设置流星的x坐标
            self.y = 500  # 重新设置流星的y坐标
            self.speed = random.randint(5, 10)  # 重新设置流星的速度
            self.color = random.choice(colors)  # 重新设置流星的颜色


# 创建一个流星列表，用来存储流星实例
Meteors = []
for i in range(100):
    Meteors.append(Meteor())

# 进行无限循环，模拟流星雨动画
while True:
    turtle.tracer(0)  # 关闭tracer，提高性能
    t.clear()  # 清除画布内容
    for i in range(100):
        Meteors[i].move()  # 更新每颗流星的位置
        Meteors[i].meteor()  # 重新绘制每颗流星
    turtle.update()  # 更新屏幕显示内容

源码如下：

Python 复制代码

import random
from math import sin, cos, pi, log
from tkinter import *

CANVAS_WIDTH = 640
CANVAS_HEIGHT = 480
CANVAS_CENTER_X = CANVAS_WIDTH / 2
CANVAS_CENTER_Y = CANVAS_HEIGHT / 2
IMAGE_ENLARGE = 11
HEART_COLOR = "#FFC0CB"  # ff2121


def heart_function(t, shrink_ratio: float = IMAGE_ENLARGE):
    x = 16 * (sin(t) ** 3)
    y = -(13 * cos(t) - 5 * cos(2 * t) - 2 * cos(3 * t) - cos(4 * t))

    x *= shrink_ratio
    y *= shrink_ratio

    x += CANVAS_CENTER_X
    y += CANVAS_CENTER_Y

    return int(x), int(y)


def scatter_inside(x, y, beta=0.15):
    ratio_x = - beta * log(random.random())
    ratio_y = - beta * log(random.random())

    dx = ratio_x * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X)
    dy = ratio_y * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y)

    return x - dx, y - dy


def shrink(x, y, ratio):
    force = -1 / (((x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) ** 2 + (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) ** 2) ** 0.6)  # 这个参数...
    dx = ratio * force * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X)
    dy = ratio * force * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y)
    return x - dx, y - dy


def curve(p):
    return 2 * (2 * sin(4 * p)) / (2 * pi)


class Heart:

    def __init__(self, generate_frame=20):
        self._points = set()  # 原始爱心坐标集合
        self._edge_diffusion_points = set()  # 边缘扩散效果点坐标集合
        self._center_diffusion_points = set()  # 中心扩散效果点坐标集合
        self.all_points = {}  # 每帧动态点坐标
        self.build(2000)

        self.random_halo = 1000

        self.generate_frame = generate_frame
        for frame in range(generate_frame):
            self.calc(frame)

    def build(self, number):

        for _ in range(number):
            t = random.uniform(0, 2 * pi)
            x, y = heart_function(t)
            self._points.add((x, y))

        for _x, _y in list(self._points):
            for _ in range(3):
                x, y = scatter_inside(_x, _y, 0.05)
                self._edge_diffusion_points.add((x, y))

        point_list = list(self._points)
        for _ in range(4000):
            x, y = random.choice(point_list)
            x, y = scatter_inside(x, y, 0.17)
            self._center_diffusion_points.add((x, y))

    @staticmethod
    def calc_position(x, y, ratio):

        force = 1 / (((x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) ** 2 + (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) ** 2) ** 0.520)  # 魔法参数

        dx = ratio * force * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) + random.randint(-1, 1)
        dy = ratio * force * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) + random.randint(-1, 1)

        return x - dx, y - dy

    def calc(self, generate_frame):
        ratio = 10 * curve(generate_frame / 10 * pi)  # 圆滑的周期的缩放比例

        halo_radius = int(4 + 6 * (1 + curve(generate_frame / 10 * pi)))
        halo_number = int(3000 + 4000 * abs(curve(generate_frame / 10 * pi) ** 2))

        all_points = []

        heart_halo_point = set()
        for _ in range(halo_number):
            t = random.uniform(0, 2 * pi)
            x, y = heart_function(t, shrink_ratio=11.6)
            x, y = shrink(x, y, halo_radius)
            if (x, y) not in heart_halo_point:
                heart_halo_point.add((x, y))
                x += random.randint(-14, 14)
                y += random.randint(-14, 14)
                size = random.choice((1, 2, 2))
                all_points.append((x, y, size))

        for x, y in self._points:
            x, y = self.calc_position(x, y, ratio)
            size = random.randint(1, 3)
            all_points.append((x, y, size))

        for x, y in self._edge_diffusion_points:
            x, y = self.calc_position(x, y, ratio)
            size = random.randint(1, 2)
            all_points.append((x, y, size))

        for x, y in self._center_diffusion_points:
            x, y = self.calc_position(x, y, ratio)
            size = random.randint(1, 2)
            all_points.append((x, y, size))

        self.all_points[generate_frame] = all_points

    def render(self, render_canvas, render_frame):
        for x, y, size in self.all_points[render_frame % self.generate_frame]:
            render_canvas.create_rectangle(x, y, x + size, y + size, width=0, fill=HEART_COLOR)


def draw(main: Tk, render_canvas: Canvas, render_heart: Heart, render_frame=0):
    render_canvas.delete('all')
    render_heart.render(render_canvas, render_frame)
    main.after(160, draw, main, render_canvas, render_heart, render_frame + 1)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tk()  # 一个Tk
    canvas = Canvas(root, bg='black', height=CANVAS_HEIGHT, width=CANVAS_WIDTH)
    canvas.pack()
    heart = Heart()
    draw(root, canvas, heart)
    root.mainloop()

啊这个烟花有待优化啊，哈哈，丑版烟花5毛钱特效。

Python 复制代码

import turtle  # 导入turtle库，用于图形绘制
import random  # 导入random库，生成随机数
import math  # 导入math库，进行数学计算

# 设置窗口大小和背景颜色
turtle.setup(1.0, 1.0)
turtle.title("烟花绽放动画")
turtle.bgcolor('black')

t = turtle.Turtle()
t.hideturtle()
t.pensize(1)

# 定义烟花的颜色列表
colors = ['red', 'blue', 'green', 'yellow', 'purple', 'orange']


class Firework:
    def __init__(self):
        self.x = random.randint(-400, 400)
        self.y = random.randint(-300, 300)
        self.color = random.choice(colors)
        self.particles = []
        self.exploded = False
        self.lifetime = random.randint(50, 100)
        self.create_particles()

    def create_particles(self):
        for _ in range(random.randint(50, 100)):
            angle = random.uniform(0, 2 * math.pi)
            speed = random.uniform(1, 6)
            dx = math.cos(angle) * speed
            dy = math.sin(angle) * speed
            self.particles.append([self.x, self.y, dx, dy])

    def update(self):
        if not self.exploded:
            self.lifetime -= 1
            if self.lifetime <= 0:
                self.explode()
        else:
            for particle in self.particles:
                particle[0] += particle[2]
                particle[1] += particle[3]
                particle[3] -= 0.1  # gravity effect

    def explode(self):
        self.exploded = True

    def draw(self):
        if not self.exploded:
            t.penup()
            t.goto(self.x, self.y)
            t.dot(10, self.color)  # 放大烟花点的大小
        else:
            for particle in self.particles:
                t.penup()
                t.goto(particle[0], particle[1])
                t.dot(5, self.color)  # 放大光粒的半径


# 创建一个烟花列表，用来存储烟花实例
fireworks = [Firework() for _ in range(5)]

# 进行无限循环，模拟烟花绽放动画
while True:
    turtle.tracer(0)  # 关闭tracer，提高性能
    t.clear()  # 清除画布内容
    for firework in fireworks:
        firework.update()  # 更新每颗烟花的状态
        firework.draw()  # 重新绘制每颗烟花
    turtle.update()  # 更新屏幕显示内容

    # 创建新的烟花实例以保持持续绽放效果
    if random.random() < 0.1:  # 控制新烟花出现的频率
        fireworks.append(Firework())

    # 移除已经爆炸并消失的烟花实例，防止内存泄漏
    fireworks = [fw for fw in fireworks if not (fw.exploded and all(p[3] <= -1 for p in fw.particles))]

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