Springboot RabbitMq 集成分布式事务问题

话不多说，直接上代码

先整体结构

pom依赖：

<parent>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <version>2.7.18</version>
    </parent>


    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <!--        <version>2.7.18</version>-->
        </dependency>


        <!--rabbitmq-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--mysql-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.33</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--lombok-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <!--jdbc-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--fastjson-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

代码：

DispatchService：

package com.zy.servce;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.AmqpHeaders;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.Header;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.beans.Transient;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @Author: zy
 * @Date: 2024-11-08-15:35
 * @Description: 运单系统
 *
 * 消费者收到消息进行处理，处理成功则发送ACK消息通知MQ清除该条记录，
 * 否则通知MQ重发或者等待MQ自动重发。
 *
 * 本地维护一个处理次数，如果多次处理仍然失败，则将该消息丢弃或者加入到死信队列（DLQ）中。死信队列中的数据可以人工干预。
 */
@Slf4j
@Service
public class DispatchService {

    @Autowired
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    @RabbitListener(queues = "orderQueue")
    public void messageCunsumer(String message, Channel channel, @Header(AmqpHeaders.DELIVERY_TAG) long tag)
        throws IOException {
        try {
            //MQ里面的数据转换成JSON数据
            JSONObject orderInfo = JSONObject.parseObject(message);
            log.warn("收到MQ里面的消息：" + orderInfo.toJSONString());
            Thread.sleep(1000L);

            //执行业务操作，同一个数据不能处理两次，根据业务情况去重，保证幂等性
            String orderid = orderInfo.getString("order_id");
            //分配快递员配送
            dispatch(orderid);

            //ack 通知MQ数据已经收到
            channel.basicAck(tag, false);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            //异常情况，需要根据需求去重发或者丢弃
            //重发一定次数后丢弃，日志告警（rabbitmq没有设置重发次数功能，重发时需要代码实现，比如使用redis记录重发次数，）
            channel.basicNack(tag, false, false);
            //系统关键数据异常，需要人工干预
        }
        //如果不给确认回复，就等这个consumer断开连接后，MQ会继续推送
    }

    /**
     * 分配快递员
     *
     * @param orderId 订单编号
     */
    @Transient
    private void dispatch(String orderId) throws Exception {
        String sql = "insert into tb_dispatch (order_id,courier,status) values (?,?,?)";
        int count = jdbcTemplate.update(sql, orderId, "东哥", "配送中");
        if (count != 1) {
            throw new Exception("调度数据插入失败，原因[数据库操作]");
        }
    }
}

OrderService：

package com.zy.servce;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CorrelationData;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import java.beans.Transient;

/**
 * @Author: zy
 * @Date: 2024-11-08-15:21
 * @Description: 订单中心
 */
@Slf4j
@Service
public class OrderService {

    @Autowired
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @PostConstruct
    public void setup() {
        //消息发送完成后，则回调此方法，ack代表此方法是否发送成功
        rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback(new RabbitTemplate.ConfirmCallback() {

            @Override
            public void confirm(CorrelationData correlationData, boolean ack, String cause) {
                //ack为true,代表MQ已经准确收到消息
                if (!ack) {
                    return;
                }

                try {
                    String sql = "update tb_msgstatus set status = 1 where msg_id = ?";
                    int count = jdbcTemplate.update(sql, correlationData.getId());
                    if (count != 1) {
                        log.warn("本地消息表状态修改失败");
                    }
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    log.warn("本息消息表状态修改异常", e);
                }
            }
        });
    }

    /**
     * 创建订单信息
     *
     * @param order 订单信息
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public void createOrder(JSONObject order) throws Exception {
        //保存订单信息
        saveOrder(order);

        //发送MQ消息，直接发送时不可靠，可能会失败（发送后根据回执修改状态表，定时任务扫表读取失败数据重新发送）
        sendMsg(order);
    }

    /**
     * 发送订单信息至MQ
     *
     * @param order 订单信息
     */
    private void sendMsg(JSONObject order) {
        //发送消息到MQ，CorrelationData作用：当收到消息回执时会带上这个参数
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("orderExchange", "", order.toJSONString(),
            new CorrelationData((String) order.get("order_id")));
    }

    /**
     * 保存订单信息
     *
     * @param order 订单信息
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Transient
    private void saveOrder(JSONObject order) throws Exception {
        String sql = "insert into tb_order (order_id,user_id,goods_id,order_time) values (? , ? , ? , now())";

        //保存订单信息
        int count = jdbcTemplate.update(sql, order.get("order_id"), order.get("user_id"), order.get("goods_id"));
        if (count != 1) {
            throw new Exception("订单创建失败");
        }

        //保存消息发送状态
        saveLocalMsg(order);
    }

    /**
     * 记录消息发送状态
     *
     * @param order 订单信息
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private void saveLocalMsg(JSONObject order) throws Exception {
        String sql = "insert into tb_msgstatus (msg_id,msg,status,send_time) values (? , ? , 0 , now())";

        //记录消息发送状态
        int count = jdbcTemplate.update(sql, order.get("order_id"), order.toJSONString());
        if (count != 1) {
            throw new Exception("记录消息发送状态失败");
        }
    }
}

RabbitMqDistributedTractionApp：

package com.zy;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

/**
 * @Author: zy
 * @Date: 2024-11-08-14:58
 * @Description: RabbitMQ实现分布式事务，保证数据一致性
 */
@SpringBootApplication
public class RabbitMqDistributedTractionApp {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(RabbitMqDistributedTractionApp.class, args);
        System.out.println("启动成功。。。。");
    }

}

yml文件：

server:
  port: 8080

spring:
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/rabbitmq?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&allowMultiQueries=true
    username: 用户名
    password: MYSQL密码
  rabbitmq:
    host: MQ IP
    port: 5672
    username: MQ 用户名
    password: MQ 密码
    virtual-host: vHost1
    #必须配置这个，生产者才会确认回调
    publisher-confirm-type: correlated
    publisher-returns: true
    #重要，手动开启消费者ACK，控制消息在MQ中的删除、重发
    listener:
      simple:
        acknowledge-mode: MANUAL

Test类：

package com.zy;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.zy.servce.OrderService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

import java.util.UUID;

/**
 * @Author: zy
 * @Date: 2024-11-08-15:22
 * @Description:
 */
@SpringBootTest
public class Test {

    @Autowired
    private OrderService orderService;

    @org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
    public void orderServiceTest() throws Exception {
        //生成订单信息
        JSONObject orderinfo = new JSONObject();
        orderinfo.put("order_id", UUID.randomUUID().toString());
        orderinfo.put("user_id",UUID.randomUUID().toString());
        orderinfo.put("goods_id",UUID.randomUUID().toString());

        System.out.println("数据："+orderinfo);
        orderService.createOrder(orderinfo);
    }
}

下面是SQL文件：

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for tb_dispatch
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `tb_dispatch`;
CREATE TABLE `tb_dispatch` (
  `order_id` varchar(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '订单ID',
  `courier` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '快递员姓名',
  `status` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '配送状态',
  PRIMARY KEY (`order_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci COMMENT='配送表';

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for tb_msgstatus
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `tb_msgstatus`;
CREATE TABLE `tb_msgstatus` (
  `msg_id` varchar(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '消息ID',
  `msg` text COMMENT '消息内容',
  `status` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '消息状态，发送-0，发送成功-1，发送失败-2',
  `send_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '发送时间',
  PRIMARY KEY (`msg_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for tb_order
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `tb_order`;
CREATE TABLE `tb_order` (
  `order_id` varchar(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '订单ID',
  `user_id` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户ID',
  `goods_id` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '商品ID',
  `order_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建时间',
  PRIMARY KEY (`order_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci;

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;```