【Mybatis】动态SQL详解

文章目录

• • 动态SQL
  • • if+set
    • if+where
    • if+trim
    • foreach
    • choose
    • sql

动态SQL

<if> 用于条件判断，决定是否包含某个SQL片段。

if+set

<set> 用于动态生成 SET 子句，自动处理多余的逗号。

<!-- 更新用户信息 -->
<update id="edit" >
    UPDATE smbms_user
    <set>
        <if test="userCode != null">userCode = #{userCode},</if>
        <if test="userName != null">userName = #{userName},</if>
        <if test="gender != null">gender = #{gender},</if>
        <if test="birthday != null">birthday = #{birthday},</if>
        <if test="address != null">address = #{address}</if>
    </set>
    WHERE id = #{id}
</update>

if+where

<where> 用于动态生成 WHERE 子句，自动处理多余的AND或OR关键字。

<!-- 多条件分页查询 -->
<select id="findAll" resultType="User">
    select id,userCode,userName,gender,birthday,address,creationDate
    from smbms_user
    <where>
        <if test="userName != null and userName != ''">
            and userName like concat('%', #{userName}, '%')
        </if>
        <if test="address != null and address != ''">
            and address like concat('%', #{address}, '%')
        </if>
        <if test="beginDate != null and beginDate != ''">
            and creationDate &gt;= #{beginDate}
        </if>
        <if test="endDate != null and endDate != ''">
            and creationDate &lt;= #{endDate}
        </if>
    </where>
    order by creationDate desc
    limit #{offset}, #{pageSize}
</select>

if+trim

<trim> 用于控制 SQL 片段的前缀和后缀，以及移除多余的字符。

• prefix：前缀，添加到生成的SQL片段前面的字符串。
• suffix：后缀，添加到生成的SQL片段后面的字符串。
• prefixOverrides：对 trim 包含内部的首部进行指定内容的忽略
• suffixOverrides：对 trim 包含内部的尾部进行指定内容的忽略

<trim prefix="where" prefixOverrides="and|or"></trim>

动态生成WHERE子句，确保生成的SQL语句中WHERE关键字后面没有多余的AND或OR关键字。

<trim prefix="set" suffixOverrides="," suffix="where id=#{id}">
    <if test="uname != null">uname=#{uname},</if>
    <if test="upwd != null">upwd=#{upwd},</if>
</trim>

动态生成SET子句，并确保生成的SQL语句中SET关键字后面没有多余的逗号，并且在最后加上WHERE子句。

<!-- 添加用户 -->
<insert id="save">
    INSERT INTO smbms_user (
    userCode,
    userName,
    <trim suffixOverrides=",">
        <if test="gender != null">gender,</if>
        <if test="birthday != null">birthday,</if>
        <if test="address != null">address,</if>
    </trim>
    )
    VALUES (
    #{userCode},
    #{userName},
    <trim suffixOverrides=",">
        <if test="gender != null">#{gender},</if>
        <if test="birthday != null">#{birthday},</if>
        <if test="address != null">#{address}</if>
    </trim>
    )
</insert>

或者

INSERT INTO smbms_user
<trim prefix="(" suffix=")" suffixOverrides=",">
    <if test="userCode != null">userCode,</if>
    <if test="userName != null">userName,</if>
    <if test="gender != null">gender,</if>
    <if test="birthday != null">birthday,</if>
    <if test="address != null">address,</if>
</trim>
VALUES
<trim prefix="(" suffix=")" suffixOverrides=",">
    <if test="userCode != null">#{userCode},</if>
    <if test="userName != null">#{userName},</if>
    <if test="gender != null">#{gender},</if>
    <if test="birthday != null">#{birthday},</if>
    <if test="address != null">#{address}</if>
</trim>

第一段代码适用于某些字段（如 userCode，userName）总是必须提供的情况，固定字段和动态字段分开处理。

第一段代码适用于所有字段都可以为空的情况，所有字段都动态处理。

foreach

循环遍历集合参数

• collection：接收的集合参数
• open /close：以何打开/关闭
• separator：间隔符号
• item：单个变量名

/**
 * 批量删除
 * @param ids id列表
 * @return 受影响行数
 */
int deleteByList(List<Integer> ids);

<!-- 删除多个用户 -->
<delete id="deleteByList" >
    DELETE FROM smbms_user WHERE id in
    <foreach collection="list"  open="("  separator=","  close=")"  item="id">
        #{id}
    </foreach>
</delete>

collection 除了传递 list 还可以传递 array、map

/**
 * 多查询 根据用户ID查询地址
 * @param ids id列表
 * @return 地址列表
 */
List<Address> findAddressArray(Integer[] uids);

List<Address> findAddressMap(Map<String,Object> map);

<select id="findAddressArray" resultType="Address">
    SELECT id,contact,addressDesc,postCode FROM smbms_address WHERE userId in
    <foreach collection="array"  open="("  separator=","  close=")"  item="uid">
        #{uid}
    </foreach>
</select>
<select id="findAddressMap" resultType="Address">
    SELECT id,contact,addressDesc,postCode FROM smbms_address WHERE userId in
    <foreach collection="uids"  open="("  separator=","  close=")"  item="uid">
        #{uid}
    </foreach>
    and addressDesc like concat('%', #{addressDesc}, '%')
</select>

public void findAddressArray(){
    addressDao.findAddressArray(new Integer[]{1,2});
}
public void findAddressMap(){
    Map<String,Object> map = new Map<String,Object>();
    map.put("addrDesc","西城区");
	map.put("uids",Arrays.asList(1,2,3));
    addressDao.findAddressArray(map);
}

choose

<select id="findActiveBlogLike" resultType="Blog">
    SELECT * FROM BLOG WHERE state = 'ACTIVE'
    <choose>
        <when test="title != null">
            AND title like #{title}
        </when>
        <when test="author != null and author.name != null">
            AND author_name like #{author.name}
        </when>
        <otherwise>
            AND featured = 1
        </otherwise>
    </choose>
</select>

sql

使用<sql>标签定义一个可重用的SQL片段。

<sql id="query_user_where">
    <where>
        <if test="userName != null and userName != ''">
            and userName like concat('%', #{userName}, '%')
        </if>
        <if test="address != null and address != ''">
            and address like concat('%', #{address}, '%')
        </if>
        <if test="beginDate != null and beginDate != ''">
            and creationDate &gt;= #{beginDate}
        </if>
        <if test="endDate != null and endDate != ''">
            and creationDate &lt;= #{endDate}
        </if>
    </where>
</sql>

在查询中使用<include>标签引入定义的SQL片段。

<!-- 分页查询 -->
<select id="findAll" resultType="User">
    select id,userCode,userName,gender,birthday,address,creationDate
    from smbms_user
    <include refid="query_user_where"/>
    order by creationDate desc
    limit #{offset}, #{pageSize}
</select>

<!-- 查询列表总数 -->
<select id="findListCount" resultType="int">
    select count(1) as count
    from smbms_user
    <include refid="query_user_where"/>
</select>