1. 机器准备
|-------|------------|
| 客户端 | 10.0.0.205 |
| nginx | 10.0.0.206 |
| web1 | 10.0.0.203 |
| web2 | 10.0.0.204 |
2. nginx 服务配置
下载 nginx
root@ubuntu2204 \~\]# **apt install nginx -y** # 编辑配置文件，将请求分发到后端服务器 \[root@ubuntu2204 \~\]# **vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/load_balance.conf** upstream backend_servers { server 10.0.0.203:8081 weight=2; # 权重为 2 server 10.0.0.204:8082 weight=1; # 权重为 1 } server { listen 81; location / { proxy_pass http://backend_servers; proxy_set_header Host $host; } } # 检查配置 \[root@ubuntu2204 \~\]# **nginx -t** nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful # 重启 nginx 服务 \[root@ubuntu2204 \~\]# **systemctl restart nginx.service**
3. 后端服务器准备
创建第一个后端服务
root@ubuntu2204 \~\]# **mkdir -p /var/www/backend1** \[root@ubuntu2204 \~\]# **echo "Backend Server 1" \> /var/www/backend1/index.html** \[root@ubuntu2204 \~\]# **python3 -m http.server 8081 --directory /var/www/backend1 \&** # 创建第二个后端服务 \[root@ubuntu2204 \~\]# **mkdir -p /var/www/backend2** \[root@ubuntu2204 \~\]# **echo "Backend Server 2" \> /var/www/backend2/index.html** \[root@ubuntu2204 \~\]# **python3 -m http.server 8082 --directory /var/www/backend2 \&** # 验证后端服务是否正常运行 \[root@ubuntu2204 \~\]# **curl http://10.0.0.203:8081** Backend Server 1 \[root@ubuntu2204 \~\]# **curl http://10.0.0.204:8082** Backend Server 2
4. 测试负载均衡
root@ubuntu2204 \~\]# **for i in {1..10};do curl http://10.0.0.206:81;done** Backend Server 2 Backend Server 1 Backend Server 1 Backend Server 2 Backend Server 1 Backend Server 1 Backend Server 2 Backend Server 1 Backend Server 1 Backend Server 2
5. 健康检查
停止一个服务，测试nginx是否能检测到异常，并合理分发请求
root@ubuntu2204 \~\]# **pkill -f "python3 -m http.server 8081"** # 客户端继续访问后端服务 \[root@ubuntu2204 \~\]# **for i in {1..10};do curl http://10.0.0.206:81;done** Backend Server 2 Backend Server 2 Backend Server 2 Backend Server 2 Backend Server 2 Backend Server 2 Backend Server 2 Backend Server 2 Backend Server 2 Backend Server 2