【Unity3D】Jobs、Burst并行计算裁剪Texture3D物体

版本：Unity2019.4.0f1

PackageManager下载Burst插件(1.2.3版本)

利用如下代码，生成一个Texture3D资源，它只能脚本生成，是一个32*32*32的立方体，导出路径记得改下，不然报错。

cs 复制代码

using UnityEditor;
using UnityEngine;

public class ExampleEditorScript
{
    [MenuItem("CreateExamples/3DTexture")]
    static void CreateTexture3D()
    {
        // 配置纹理
        int size = 32;
        TextureFormat format = TextureFormat.RGBA32;
        TextureWrapMode wrapMode = TextureWrapMode.Clamp;

        // 创建纹理并应用配置
        Texture3D texture = new Texture3D(size, size, size, format, false);
        texture.wrapMode = wrapMode;

        // 创建 3 维数组以存储颜色数据
        Color[] colors = new Color[size * size * size];

        // 填充数组，使纹理的 x、y 和 z 值映射为红色、蓝色和绿色
        float inverseResolution = 1.0f / (size - 1.0f);
        for (int z = 0; z < size; z++)
        {
            int zOffset = z * size * size;
            for (int y = 0; y < size; y++)
            {
                int yOffset = y * size;
                for (int x = 0; x < size; x++)
                {
                    colors[x + yOffset + zOffset] = new Color(x * inverseResolution,
                        y * inverseResolution, z * inverseResolution, 1.0f);
                }
            }
        }

        // 将颜色值复制到纹理
        texture.SetPixels(colors);

        // 将更改应用到纹理，然后将更新的纹理上传到 GPU
        texture.Apply();

        // 将纹理保存到 Unity 项目
        AssetDatabase.CreateAsset(texture, "Assets/JobsDemo/Example3DTexture.asset");
    }
}

场景上创建一个Cube和LineRenderer（注意Line的位置要设置到(0,0,0) 如下图摄像机保持位置(0,1,-10)）

新建一个材质球挂到Cube上，Shader代码如下：

cs 复制代码

Shader "Unlit/VolumeShader"
{
    Properties
    {
        _MainTex("Texture", 3D) = "white" {}
        _Alpha("Alpha", float) = 0.02
        _StepSize("Step Size", float) = 0.01
    }
        SubShader
        {
            Tags { "Queue" = "Transparent" "RenderType" = "Transparent" }
            Blend One OneMinusSrcAlpha
            LOD 100

            Pass
            {
                CGPROGRAM
                #pragma vertex vert
                #pragma fragment frag

                #include "UnityCG.cginc"

                // 最大光线追踪样本数
                #define MAX_STEP_COUNT 128

                // 允许的浮点数误差
                #define EPSILON 0.00001f

                struct appdata
                {
                    float4 vertex : POSITION;
                };

                struct v2f
                {
                    float4 vertex : SV_POSITION;
                    float3 objectVertex : TEXCOORD0;
                    float3 vectorToSurface : TEXCOORD1;
                };

                sampler3D _MainTex;
                float4 _MainTex_ST;
                float _Alpha;
                float _StepSize;

                v2f vert(appdata v)
                {
                    v2f o;

                    // 对象空间中的顶点将成为光线追踪的起点
                    o.objectVertex = v.vertex;

                    // 计算世界空间中从摄像机到顶点的矢量
                    float3 worldVertex = mul(unity_ObjectToWorld, v.vertex).xyz;
                    o.vectorToSurface = worldVertex - _WorldSpaceCameraPos;

                    o.vertex = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);
                    return o;
                }

                float4 BlendUnder(float4 color, float4 newColor)
                {
                    color.rgb += (1.0 - color.a) * newColor.a * newColor.rgb;
                    color.a += (1.0 - color.a) * newColor.a;
                    return color;
                }

                fixed4 frag(v2f i) : SV_Target
                {
                    // 开始在对象的正面进行光线追踪
                    float3 rayOrigin = i.objectVertex;

                    // 使用摄像机到对象表面的矢量获取射线方向
                    float3 rayDirection = mul(unity_WorldToObject, float4(normalize(i.vectorToSurface), 1));

                    float4 color = float4(0, 0, 0, 0);
                    float3 samplePosition = rayOrigin;

                    // 穿过对象空间进行光线追踪
                    for (int i = 0; i < MAX_STEP_COUNT; i++)
                    {
                        // 仅在单位立方体边界内累积颜色
                        if (max(abs(samplePosition.x), max(abs(samplePosition.y), abs(samplePosition.z))) < 0.5f + EPSILON)
                        {
                            float4 sampledColor = tex3D(_MainTex, samplePosition + float3(0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f));
                            sampledColor.a *= _Alpha;
                            color = BlendUnder(color, sampledColor);
                            samplePosition += rayDirection * _StepSize;
                        }
                    }

                    return color;
                }
                ENDCG
            }
        }
}

新建一个空物体Jobs，挂载脚本JobsTest.cs

cs 复制代码

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Unity.Burst;
using Unity.Collections;
using Unity.Collections.LowLevel.Unsafe;
using Unity.Jobs;
using UnityEngine;

public class JobsTest : MonoBehaviour
{
    private int width, height, depth;
    public LineRenderer lineRenderer;
    public GameObject cubeGo;
    private Transform cubeTrans;
    private Texture3D _Tex3D;
    private Color[] colors;
    private Color[] cacheColor;

    NativeArray<Color> nativeColors;
    NativeArray<ColorData> nativeColorDatas;
    MyJob myJob = new MyJob();

    private void Awake()
    {
        Material mat = cubeGo.GetComponent<MeshRenderer>().sharedMaterial;
        _Tex3D = (Texture3D)mat.GetTexture("_MainTex");
        width = _Tex3D.width;
        height = _Tex3D.height;
        depth = _Tex3D.depth;
        colors = _Tex3D.GetPixels();
        cacheColor = _Tex3D.GetPixels();
        cubeTrans = cubeGo.transform;
        Debug.Log(colors.Length);
    }

    private void OnEnable()
    {
        lineRenderer.positionCount = 1;
        _Tex3D.SetPixels(cacheColor);
        _Tex3D.Apply();

        nativeColors = new NativeArray<Color>(colors.Length, Allocator.Persistent);
        nativeColorDatas = new NativeArray<ColorData>(colors.Length, Allocator.Persistent);

        myJob.width = width;
        myJob.height = height;
        myJob.depth = depth;

        myJob.colors = nativeColors;
        myJob.colorDatas = nativeColorDatas;

        for (int z = 0; z < depth; z++)
        {
            for (int y = 0; y < height; y++)
            {
                for (int x = 0; x < width; x++)
                {
                    int i = z * (width * height) + y * width + x;
                    nativeColors[i] = colors[i];

                    ColorData colorData = new ColorData();
                    colorData.x = x;
                    colorData.y = y;
                    colorData.z = z;
                    nativeColorDatas[i] = colorData;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private void OnDisable()
    {
        _Tex3D.SetPixels(cacheColor);
        _Tex3D.Apply();

        nativeColorDatas.Dispose();
        nativeColors.Dispose();

    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update()
    {
        if (Input.GetMouseButtonDown(0))
        {
            Vector3 screenPos = Input.mousePosition;
            screenPos.z = 1;
            lineRenderer.SetPosition(lineRenderer.positionCount - 1, Camera.main.ScreenToWorldPoint(screenPos));

            if (lineRenderer.positionCount == 3)
            {
                Calculate();

                lineRenderer.positionCount = 1;
            }
            else
            {
                lineRenderer.positionCount++;
            }
        }
        else
        {
            if (lineRenderer.positionCount > 1)
            {
                Vector3 screenPos = Input.mousePosition;
                screenPos.z = 1;
                lineRenderer.SetPosition(lineRenderer.positionCount - 1, Camera.main.ScreenToWorldPoint(screenPos));
            }
        }
    }

    private void Calculate()
    {
        float startTime = Time.realtimeSinceStartup;
        //模型坐标
        myJob.p1 = cubeTrans.InverseTransformPoint(lineRenderer.GetPosition(0));
        myJob.p2 = cubeTrans.InverseTransformPoint(lineRenderer.GetPosition(1));
        myJob.p3 = cubeTrans.InverseTransformPoint(lineRenderer.GetPosition(2));

        myJob.object2World = cubeTrans.localToWorldMatrix;
        myJob.world2Camera = Camera.main.worldToCameraMatrix;
        myJob.camera2Clip = Camera.main.projectionMatrix;

        JobHandle jobHandle = default;
        jobHandle = myJob.ScheduleParallel(colors.Length, 64, jobHandle);
        jobHandle.Complete();

        _Tex3D.SetPixels(nativeColors.ToArray());
        _Tex3D.Apply();

        Debug.Log((Time.realtimeSinceStartup - startTime) * 1000 + "ms");
    }
}

[BurstCompile]
public struct MyJob : IJobFor
{
    //[NativeDisableContainerSafetyRestriction]
    public NativeArray<Color> colors;

    //[NativeDisableContainerSafetyRestriction] //发现jobs日志有 out of length报错可用此特性忽略
    public NativeArray<ColorData> colorDatas;

    public Vector3 p1, p2, p3;
    public int width, height, depth;

    public Matrix4x4 object2World;
    public Matrix4x4 world2Camera;
    public Matrix4x4 camera2Clip;
    public void Execute(int index)
    {
        if (colors[index] == Color.clear)
        {
            return;
        }
        Vector3 localPoint = new Vector3(colorDatas[index].x / (width * 1.0f), colorDatas[index].y / (height * 1.0f), colorDatas[index].z / (depth * 1.0f)) - (Vector3.one * 0.5f);
        Vector2 screenPoint = Local2Screen(localPoint);

        Vector2 screenP1 = Local2Screen(p1);
        Vector2 screenP2 = Local2Screen(p2);
        Vector2 screenP3 = Local2Screen(p3);

        bool isInside = IsPointInTriangle(screenPoint, screenP1, screenP2, screenP3);
        if (isInside)
        {
            colors[index] = Color.clear;
        }
    }

    //2个二维向量行列式值，可理解为求出了2个二维向量构成的面的法线z值
    private float Cross(Vector2 a, Vector2 b, Vector2 p)
    {
        return (b.x - a.x) * (p.y - a.y) - (b.y - a.y) * (p.x - a.x);
    }

    private bool IsPointInTriangle(Vector2 p, Vector2 a, Vector2 b, Vector2 c)
    {
        float signOfTrig = Cross(a, b, c);
        float signOfAB = Cross(a, b, p);
        float signOfCA = Cross(c, a, p);
        float signOfBC = Cross(b, c, p);
        bool d1 = (signOfAB * signOfTrig > 0);
        bool d2 = (signOfCA * signOfTrig > 0);
        bool d3 = (signOfBC * signOfTrig > 0);
        return d1 && d2 && d3;

        //方法2:
        //Vector3 pa = a - p;
        //Vector3 pb = b - p;
        //Vector3 pc = c - p;

        //分别进行3次，求其中2个向量构成的三角面的法线;
        //Vector3 pab = Vector3.Cross(pa, pb);
        //Vector3 pbc = Vector3.Cross(pb, pc);
        //Vector3 pca = Vector3.Cross(pc, pa);

        //分别进行3次，求其中2个法线构成的点积(夹角)>0代表两条法线方向相同
        //float z1 = Vector3.Dot(pab, pbc);
        //float z2 = Vector3.Dot(pab, pca);
        //float z3 = Vector3.Dot(pbc, pca);

        //若3条法线之间的朝向都是相同的，说明p点在<a,b,c>三角形内
        //return z1 > 0 && z2 > 0 && z3 > 0;            
    }

    private Vector2 Local2Screen(Vector3 localPos)
    {
        Vector3 worldPos = object2World.MultiplyPoint(localPos);
        Vector3 cameraPos = world2Camera.MultiplyPoint(worldPos);
        Vector4 clipPos = camera2Clip * new Vector4(cameraPos.x, cameraPos.y, cameraPos.z, 1.0f);
        if (clipPos.w != 0)
        {
            clipPos = clipPos / clipPos.w;
        }
        float screenX = (clipPos.x + 1) / 2f * 1920f;
        float screenY = (clipPos.y + 1) / 2f * 1080f;
        return new Vector2(screenX, screenY);
    }
}
public struct ColorData
{
    public float x, y, z;
}

项目资源：

耗时如下：