- 数据容器
列表(list)、元组(tuple)、字符串(str)、集合(set)、字典(dict)
- 列表
(1) 定义
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python
tmp_list = ["super", "carry", "doinb"]
print(f"tmp_list = {tmp_list}, tmp_list type is {type(tmp_list)}")
tmp_list1 = ["doinb", 1, 6.6666]
print(f"tmp_list1 = {tmp_list1}, tmp_list1 type is {type(tmp_list1)}")
tmp_list2 = ["doinb", tmp_list, tmp_list1, ["1", "supercarrydoinb"]]
print(f"tmp_list2 = {tmp_list2}, tmp_list2 type is {type(tmp_list2)}")
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(2) 列表下标索引
- 正向(从左向右 0 1 2...)
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- 反向(从右向左 -1 -2 -3...)
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- 嵌套------列表[子列表][子列表下标]
(3) 方法------定义在类class中的函数称为方法
(4) 列表的常用操作(方法)
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- index------查询元素在列表中从左到右第一次出现的位置
python
tmp_list = ["super", "carry", "doinb", "sdad", "doinb"]
tmp_index = tmp_list.index("doinb")
print(f"doinb 在列表中的元素位置为:{tmp_index}")
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- 修改特定下标位置的值
python
tmp_list = ["super", "carry", "doinb", "sdad", "doinb"]
print(tmp_list)
tmp_list[2] = "nb"
print(tmp_list)
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- insert------在列表指定下标中插入指定元素
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- append------在列表尾部追加元素,既能追加元素也能追加其他数据容器(嵌套追加)
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- extend------取出其他数据容器中的值,追加到本容器中
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注意:extend与append区别是后者不涉及嵌套,前者是嵌套追加
- del------根据列表下标删除列表元素
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- pop------将列表中的元素取出并返回取出的元素
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- remove------删除在列表中从左到右寻找到的第一个 元素
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- clear------清空整个列表
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- count------统计某元素在列表中的个数
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- len------统计列表中的元素个数
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(5) 列表的特点
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(6) 练习
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python
tmp_list = [21, 25, 21, 23, 22, 20]
print(tmp_list)
tmp_list.append(31)
print(tmp_list)
tmp_list.extend([29, 33, 30])
print(tmp_list)
tmp = tmp_list.pop(0)
print(tmp_list)
tmp = tmp_list.pop(-1)
print(tmp_list)
tmp = tmp_list.index(31)
print(tmp)
(7) while循环遍历打印列表
python
tmp_list = [21, 25, 21, 23, 22, 20]
cnt = 0
while cnt < len(tmp_list):
print(f"{tmp_list[cnt]} ", end='')
cnt += 1
(8) for循环遍历列表
python
tmp_list = [21, 25, 21, 23, 22, 20]
for i in tmp_list:
print(f"{i} ", end='')