在oracle配置了shared server的情况下
可以使用 :shared来指定链接到shared server也可以默认不指定 不指定的情况下会默认链接到shared server
如果想链接到 dedicated process 则必须显式指定链接到dedicated process
server type的类型包括DEDICATED, SHARED, or POOLED.
Fri Jan 10 19:59:26152395oracle@nshqap04adm05:/u01/app/orabase/23c/dbhome1/bin0$ ./sqlplus 'sys/cdb1@nshqap04-scan5:1521/cdb1pdb10001:shared as sysdba'
SQL> oradebug setmypid
Statement processed.
SQL> oradebug tracefile_name
/u01/log/main250105/diag/rdbms/cdb1/cdb11/trace/cdb11_s499_139545.trc
Fri Jan 10 20:07:15152395oracle@nshqap04adm05:/u01/app/orabase/23c/dbhome1/bin0$ ./sqlplus 'sys/cdb1@nshqap04-scan5:1521/cdb1pdb10001 as sysdba'
SQL> oradebug setmypid
Statement processed.
SQL> oradebug tracefile_name
/u01/log/main250105/diag/rdbms/cdb1/cdb11/trace/cdb11_s499_139545.trc
以上两种方式都链接到了 shared server process
下面只有显式的指定 dedicated 才会链接到dedicated process上面去
Fri Jan 10 20:08:46152395oracle@nshqap04adm05:/u01/app/orabase/23c/dbhome1/bin0$ ./sqlplus 'sys/cdb1@nshqap04-scan5:1521/cdb1pdb10001:dedicated as sysdba'
SQL> oradebug setmypid
Statement processed.
SQL> oradebug tracefile_name
/u01/log/main250105/diag/rdbms/cdb1/cdb12/trace/cdb12_ora_392089.trc
Oracle 19c Easy Connect Plus
In Oracle Database 19c a new feature is introduced called "Easy Connect Plus" that will enhance connection string syntax.
Easy Connect Plus will make it easier to use features such as TLS connections, wallets, load balancing, connection timeouts, and to tune network buffer sizes without external configuration.
The following is an example of the traditional easy connect syntax against a pluggable database:
SQL> connect emad/password@dbhost.example.com:1521/pdb1
Where port number is "optional" in the command syntax, in my example its 1521
The following is Easy Connect syntax structure that is available in Oracle Database drivers (JDBC,
ODP.Net, cx_Oracle, node-oracledb etc) that use Oracle Client 19c and connect to Oracle Database 11.2 or later.
\[protocol://]host1{,host2}:port1{,host2:port2}/\[service_name[:
server_type]/instance_name][?parameter_name=value{¶meter_name=
value}]
Protocol: transport protocol to be used while connecting to the database
host. In 19c, the supported values of protocol are TCP and TCPS. The default is TCP.
Hosts: The host list is a comma-separated list of host names or IP addresses which are used to connect to a database.
Ports: Port numbers indicate the ports that the database services are listening on.
When using multiple hosts, if the same port is used on each host, then you can use:
host1,host2:port Otherwise you can indicate different ports should be used:
host1:port1,host2:port2
Service Name:The service name is the service the database is known by. It is a name comprised of the database name and domain name, entered during installation or database creation.Service names can be found by running "lsnrctl services" on the database host.Note that database "system identifiers" (SIDs) cannot be used in Easy Connect or Easy Connect Plus syntax.
Server Type: The server type specifies what kind of server is used on the database host to handle the connection. It can be one of DEDICATED, SHARED, or POOLED.
Instance Name: to connect to a specific instance that the service represents, you can use an instance name.
Parameters: Parameters are name-value pairs that control the behavior of connections. The syntax uses '?' to indicate start of parameters and a '&' delimiter between each parameter. Leading and trailing white spaces are ignored within parameter values. If whitespace is required as part of the value, it should be placed within double quotes. Parameters are described in the next section.