RabbitMQ(四) - 技术栈

SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ

SpringBoot整合

SpringBoot整合

1、生产者工程

①创建module

②配置POM

添加如下依赖：

xml 复制代码

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

③YAML

yaml 复制代码

spring: 
  rabbitmq: 
    host: 192.168.xxx.xxx
    port: 5672 
    username: guest 
    password: 123456 
    virtual-host: /

④主启动类

java 复制代码

package com.xxx.mq;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

/**
 * @ClassName: RabbitMQProducerMainType
 * @Package: com.xxx.mq
 * @Author: 
 * @CreateDate: 
 * @Version: V1.0.0
 * @Description:
 */

@SpringBootApplication
public class RabbitMQProducerMainType {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(RabbitMQProducerMainType.class, args);
    }

}

⑤测试程序

在src目录下的test目录内新建测试类：

java 复制代码

package com.xxx.mq.test;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

/**
 * @ClassName: RabbitMQTest
 * @Package: com.xxx.mq.test
 * @Author: 
 * @CreateDate: 
 * @Version: V1.0.0
 * @Description:
 */

@SpringBootTest
public class RabbitMQTest {

    public static final String EXCHANGE_DIRECT = "exchange.direct.order";
    public static final String ROUTING_KEY = "order";

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @Test
    public void test01SendMessage() {
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(EXCHANGE_DIRECT, ROUTING_KEY, "Hello Rabbit!SpringBoot!");
    }

}

2、消费者工程

①创建module

②配置POM

添加如下依赖：

xml 复制代码

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

③YAML

增加日志打印的配置：

新建名为application的yml文件。

文件内配置：

yaml 复制代码

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    host: 192.168.xxx.xxx
    port: 5672
    username: guest
    password: 123456
    virtual-host: /
logging:
  level:
    com.xxx.mq.listener.MyMessageListener: info

将host修改为自己的地址。

④主启动类

java 复制代码

package com.xxx.mq;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

/**
 * @ClassName: RabbitMQConsumerMainType
 * @Package: com.xxx.mq
 * @Author: 
 * @CreateDate: 
 * @Version: V1.0.0
 * @Description:
 */

@SpringBootApplication
public class RabbitMQConsumerMainType {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(RabbitMQConsumerMainType.class, args);
    }

}

⑤监听器

新建子包listener，并编写监听类：

java 复制代码

package com.xxx.mq.listener;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * @ClassName: MyMessageListener
 * @Package: com.xxx.mq.listener
 * @Author: 
 * @CreateDate: 
 * @Version: V1.0.0
 * @Description:
 */

@Component
@Slf4j
public class MyMessageListener {

    public static final String EXCHANGE_DIRECT = "exchange.direct.order";
    public static final String ROUTING_KEY = "order";
    public static final String QUEUE_NAME = "queue.order";

    //    写法一：监听 + 在 RabbitMQ 服务器上创建交换机、队列
    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue(value = QUEUE_NAME, durable = "true"),
            exchange = @Exchange(value = EXCHANGE_DIRECT),
            key = {ROUTING_KEY}
        )
    )
//    写法二：监听
//    @RabbitListener(queues = {QUEUE_NAME})
    public void processMessage(String dataString, Message message, Channel channel) {
        log.info("消费端接收到了消息：" + dataString);
    }
}

3、@RabbitListener注解属性对比

①bindings属性

表面作用：
- 指定交换机和队列之间的绑定关系
- 指定当前方法要监听的队列
隐藏效果：如果RabbitMQ服务器上没有这里指定的交换机和队列，那么框架底层的代码会创建它们

②queues属性

java 复制代码

@RabbitListener(queues = {QUEUE_TEST})

作用：指定当前方法要监听的队列
注意：此时框架不会创建相关交换机和队列，必须提前创建好

先启动生产者端代码，此时会立即执行完成。然后执行消费者端代码，等待消息。

在生产者端module下的test内有创建好的测试代码，执行test01SendMessage测试方法，结果如图所示：

可以看到收到了生产者测试代码中的消息。前面的报错是因为我先启动了消费者端代码，此时找不到对应的交换机以及消息队列，当启动生产者端代码后就不会报错了，可以正确的接收到消息。