1 pytest学习笔记 - 1.1 运行pytest
1.1 运行pyest
在命令行执行pytest --help
cmd
usage: pytest [options] [file_or_dir] [file_or_dir] [...]
... ...1.1.1 pytest不携带参数
pytest不带参数时，会扫描当前目录下的所有目录、子目录中符合测试用例标准的文件(test_*.py, *_test.py)，并执行这些文件。
1.1.2 pytest携带文件名、目录、或者文件列表、目录列表
- 携带文件名：执行指定文件名中的测试用例(函数名满足
test_...)。 - 携带目录名：执行指定目录中的所有测试文件中的所有测试用例(文件名满足：
test_....py或..._test.py)。 - 携带文件列表：执行文件列表中所有文件中的所有测试用例。
- 携带目录列表：执行指定目录列表中的所有测试文件中的所有用例(会递归扫描所有子目录)。
1.2 实战案例
1.2.1 样例1：命名元组对象测试-1
执行命令： pytest -sv test_ch1_001.py
py
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# @file test_ch1_001.py
# @brief 测试用例样例
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
from collections import namedtuple
Task = namedtuple('Task', ['summary', 'owner', 'done', 'id'])
Task.__new__.__defaults__ = (None, None, False, None)
def test_defaults():
"""Using no parameters should invoke defaults."""
t1 = Task()
t2 = Task(None, None, False, None)
assert t1 == t2
def test_member_access():
"""Check .field functionality of namedtuple."""
t = Task('buy milk', 'brian')
assert t.summary == 'buy milk'
assert t.owner == 'brian'
assert (t.done, t.id) == (False, None)输出报文：
cmd
============================= test session starts =============================
platform win32 -- Python 3.13.1, pytest-8.3.4, pluggy-1.5.0 -- C:\Program Files\Python313\python.exe
cachedir: .pytest_cache
metadata: {'Python': '3.13.1', 'Platform': 'Windows-10-10.0.19045-SP0', 'Packages': {'pytest': '8.3.4', 'pluggy': '1.5.0'}, 'Plugins': {'check': '2.4.1', 'html': '4.1.1', 'metadata': '3.1.1', 'timeout': '2.3.1', 'xdist': '3.6.1'}}
rootdir: D:\TYYSOFT\Study\Python\pytest
configfile: pytest.ini
plugins: check-2.4.1, html-4.1.1, metadata-3.1.1, timeout-2.3.1, xdist-3.6.1
collecting ... collected 2 items
test_ch1_001.py::test_defaults PASSED
test_ch1_001.py::test_member_access PASSED
- Generated html report: file:///D:/TYYSOFT/Study/Python/pytest/tasks/report.html -
============================== 2 passed in 0.03s ==============================1.2.2 样例2：命名元组对象测试-2
执行命令：pytest -sv test_ch1_002.py
py
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# @file test_ch1_002.py
# @brief 测试命名元组
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
from collections import namedtuple
Task = namedtuple('Task', ['summary', 'owner', 'done', 'id'])
Task.__new__.__defaults__ = (None, None, False, None)
def test_asdict():
"""_asdict() should return a dictionary."""
t_task = Task('do something', 'okken', True, 21)
t_dict = t_task._asdict()
expected = {'summary': 'do something',
'owner': 'okken',
'done': True,
'id': 21}
assert t_dict == expected
def test_replace():
"""replace() should change passed in fields."""
t_before = Task('finish book', 'brian', False)
t_after = t_before._replace(id=10, done=True)
t_expected = Task('finish book', 'brian', True, 10)
assert t_after == t_expected输出结果：
cmd
============================= test session starts =============================
platform win32 -- Python 3.13.1, pytest-8.3.4, pluggy-1.5.0 -- C:\Program Files\Python313\python.exe
cachedir: .pytest_cache
metadata: {'Python': '3.13.1', 'Platform': 'Windows-10-10.0.19045-SP0', 'Packages': {'pytest': '8.3.4', 'pluggy': '1.5.0'}, 'Plugins': {'check': '2.4.1', 'html': '4.1.1', 'metadata': '3.1.1', 'timeout': '2.3.1', 'xdist': '3.6.1'}}
rootdir: D:\TYYSOFT\Study\Python\pytest
configfile: pytest.ini
plugins: check-2.4.1, html-4.1.1, metadata-3.1.1, timeout-2.3.1, xdist-3.6.1
collecting ... collected 2 items
test_ch1_002.py::test_asdict PASSED
test_ch1_002.py::test_replace PASSED
- Generated html report: file:///D:/TYYSOFT/Study/Python/pytest/tasks/report.html -
============================== 2 passed in 0.03s ==============================1.2.3 样例3：运行文件列表
执行命令
cmd
pytest test_ch1_001.py test_ch1_002.py
======================================= test session starts =======================================
platform win32 -- Python 3.13.1, pytest-8.3.4, pluggy-1.5.0
rootdir: D:\TYYSOFT\Study\Python\pytest
configfile: pytest.ini
plugins: check-2.4.1, html-4.1.1, metadata-3.1.1, timeout-2.3.1, xdist-3.6.1
collected 4 items
test_ch1_001.py .. [ 50%]
test_ch1_002.py .. [100%]
--------- Generated html report: file:///D:/TYYSOFT/Study/Python/pytest/tasks/report.html ---------
======================================== 4 passed in 0.03s ========================================注：其他种运行方式，读者可以自行尝试。
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