spring cloud 微服务部署(2025年）第三章：Nacos、LoadBalancer、GateWay、Ribbon集成之网关Gateway部署

【spring cloud 3.0微服务部署】第三章：Nacos、LoadBalancer、GateWay、Ribbon集成之网关Gateway

链接
- 第一章：Nacos、LoadBalancer、GateWay、Ribbon集成之Nacos部署
- 第二章：Nacos、LoadBalancer、GateWay、Ribbon集成之负载均衡LoadBalancer部署
- 第三章：Nacos、LoadBalancer、GateWay、Ribbon集成之网关Gateway部署
- 第四章：Nacos、LoadBalancer、GateWay、Ribbon集成之跨服务调用ribbon
- 查看源码
正文
- 新建二级模块，命名为MyGateways,这里存放的是所有的网关接口，比如说app、小程序
- gateway配置文件
- 运行ApiGatewayApplication.java
- 负载均衡测试

链接

第一章：Nacos、LoadBalancer、GateWay、Ribbon集成之Nacos部署

第二章：Nacos、LoadBalancer、GateWay、Ribbon集成之负载均衡LoadBalancer部署

第三章：Nacos、LoadBalancer、GateWay、Ribbon集成之网关Gateway部署

第四章：Nacos、LoadBalancer、GateWay、Ribbon集成之跨服务调用ribbon

查看源码

正文

接前章

新建二级模块，命名为MyGateways,这里存放的是所有的网关接口，比如说app、小程序

删除src目录，pom.xml默认
在MyGateways模块下新建一个子模块，这里命名为mygateway-app。

代码如下，引入gateway、loadbalancer 、nacos、spring boot

bash 复制代码

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.que5</groupId>
        <artifactId>MyCloud</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../../pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>
    <artifactId>mygateway-app</artifactId>
    <name>Archetype - mygateway-app</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-loadbalancer</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>repackage</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

gateway配置文件

新建application.yml，这里预留websocket配置项，以后再讨论websocket集群

bash 复制代码

application:
  name: mygateway-app
app:
  site:
    ip: nacos服务器ip
server:
  port: 8080
  servlet:
    encoding:
      charset: UTF-8
      enabled: true
      force: true
spring:
  application:
    name: mygateway-app
  cloud:
    loadbalancer:
      nacos:
        enabled: true
    gateway:
      discovery:
        locator:
          enabled: true
          lower-case-service-id: true
      httpclient:
        connect-timeout: 50000
        response-timeout: 50000
      routes:
        - id: myapp1
          uri: lb://myapp1
          predicates:
            - Path=/myapp1/**
          filters:
            - StripPrefix=1
        - id: myapp2
          uri: lb://myapp2
          predicates:
            - Path=/myapp2/**
          filters:
            - StripPrefix=1
        - id: websocket
          uri: grayLb://websocket
          predicates:
            - Path=/websocket/**
          filters:
            - StripPrefix=1
    nacos:
      config:
        import-check:
          enabled: false
        server-addr: ${app.site.ip}:8848
        file-extension: yaml
      discovery:
        group: QUE5
        server-addr: ${app.site.ip}:8848
      username: nacos
      password: nacos密码
management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: "*"
security:
  ignore:
    whites:
      - /websocket/websocket/**

新建启动类MyGatewayAppApplication.java

bash 复制代码

package com.que5;
import org.springframework.boot.Banner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;

/**
 * @author zhouminghua
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2025-2-15 09:28:57
 * @description 启动类
 * @site https://www.que5.com
 */
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class MyGatewayAppApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication app = new SpringApplication(MyGatewayAppApplication.class);

        ConfigurableApplicationContext configurableApplicationContext = app.run(args);
        Environment env = configurableApplicationContext.getEnvironment();
        app.setBannerMode(Banner.Mode.CONSOLE);
    }
}

运行ApiGatewayApplication.java

-打开nacos查看服务列表，成功，详情可以查看具体的端口信息等~

-打开浏览器，输入http://localhost:8080/myapp1/cloud/hello 、 http://localhost:8080/myapp2/cloud/hello

负载均衡测试

微服务的核心是什么，比如说同时运行几个微服务myapp1,访问网关gateway会按照策略,访问其中一个myapp1，减少单个服务部署压力，从而达到负载均衡的作用，不再赘述。
这里以myapp1为例，先启动MyApp1Application.java，idea编辑器不能运行两个同名,所以可以复制新建MyApp1Application2.java启动：如图
- 复制新建MyApp1Application2.java，删除里面的RestTemplate配置
- 右键MyApp1Application2.java -更多运行、调试-修改运行配置

填写端口

bash 复制代码

--server.port=7003

查看nacos服务列表，两个实例
- 查看详情，两个端口都已注册，意味着同一个微服务项目部署了两个。
- 接着打开浏览器，访问http://localhost:8080/myapp1/cloud/hello，查看会发现返回端口有变化，成功！

结语： 网关的作用类似nginx路由，只不过是根据服务名来发现、注册、调用。