Flutter之用户输入&网络数据&缓存

目录:

1、处理用户输入

1.1、按钮



dart 复制代码
int count = 0;

@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
  return ElevatedButton(
    style: ElevatedButton.styleFrom(
      textStyle: const TextStyle(fontSize: 20),
    ),
    onPressed: () {
      setState(() {
        count += 1;
      });
    },
    child: const Text('Enabled'),
  );
}

1.2、文本


dart 复制代码
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
  return const SelectableText('''
Two households, both alike in dignity,
In fair Verona, where we lay our scene,
From ancient grudge break to new mutiny,
Where civil blood makes civil hands unclean.
From forth the fatal loins of these two foes''');
}

1.3、富文本


dart 复制代码
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
  return RichText(
    text: TextSpan(
      text: 'Hello ',
      style: DefaultTextStyle.of(context).style,
      children: const <TextSpan>[
        TextSpan(text: 'bold', style: TextStyle(fontWeight: FontWeight.bold)),
        TextSpan(text: ' world!'),
      ],
    ),
  );
}

1.4、TextField

1.5、Form

dart 复制代码
final GlobalKey<FormState> _formKey = GlobalKey<FormState>();

@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
  return Form(
    key: _formKey,
    child: Column(
      crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start,
      children: <Widget>[
        TextFormField(
          decoration: const InputDecoration(
            hintText: 'Enter your email',
          ),
          validator: (String? value) {
            if (value == null || value.isEmpty) {
              return 'Please enter some text';
            }
            return null;
          },
        ),
        Padding(
          padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(vertical: 16.0),
          child: ElevatedButton(
            onPressed: () {
              // Validate returns true if the form is valid, or false otherwise.
              if (_formKey.currentState!.validate()) {
                // Process data.
              }
            },
            child: const Text('Submit'),
          ),
        ),
      ],
    ),
  );
}

2、复选框、Switch 和 Radio

2.1、复选框


dart 复制代码
bool isChecked = false;

@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
  return Checkbox(
    checkColor: Colors.white,
    value: isChecked,
    onChanged: (bool? value) {
      setState(() {
        isChecked = value!;
      });
    },
  );
}

2.2、Switch

dart 复制代码
bool light = true;

@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
  return Switch(
    // This bool value toggles the switch.
    value: light,
    activeColor: Colors.red,
    onChanged: (bool value) {
      // This is called when the user toggles the switch.
      setState(() {
        light = value;
      });
    },
  );
}

2.3、Radio


dart 复制代码
enum Character { musician, chef, firefighter, artist }

class RadioExample extends StatefulWidget {
  const RadioExample({super.key});

  @override
  State<RadioExample> createState() => _RadioExampleState();
}

class _RadioExampleState extends State<RadioExample> {
  Character? _character = Character.musician;

  void setCharacter(Character? value) {
    setState(() {
      _character = value;
    });
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Column(
      children: <Widget>[
        ListTile(
          title: const Text('Musician'),
          leading: Radio<Character>(
            value: Character.musician,
            groupValue: _character,
            onChanged: setCharacter,
          ),
        ),
        ListTile(
          title: const Text('Chef'),
          leading: Radio<Character>(
            value: Character.chef,
            groupValue: _character,
            onChanged: setCharacter,
          ),
        ),
        ListTile(
          title: const Text('Firefighter'),
          leading: Radio<Character>(
            value: Character.firefighter,
            groupValue: _character,
            onChanged: setCharacter,
          ),
        ),
        ListTile(
          title: const Text('Artist'),
          leading: Radio<Character>(
            value: Character.artist,
            groupValue: _character,
            onChanged: setCharacter,
          ),
        ),
      ],
    );
  }
}

3、选择日期或时间


dart 复制代码
DateTime? selectedDate;

@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
  var date = selectedDate;

  return Column(children: [
    Text(
      date == null
          ? "You haven't picked a date yet."
          : DateFormat('MM-dd-yyyy').format(date),
    ),
    ElevatedButton.icon(
      icon: const Icon(Icons.calendar_today),
      onPressed: () async {
        var pickedDate = await showDatePicker(
          context: context,
          initialEntryMode: DatePickerEntryMode.calendarOnly,
          initialDate: DateTime.now(),
          firstDate: DateTime(2019),
          lastDate: DateTime(2050),
        );

        setState(() {
          selectedDate = pickedDate;
        });
      },
      label: const Text('Pick a date'),
    )
  ]);
}

4、滑动


dart 复制代码
List<int> items = List<int>.generate(100, (int index) => index);

@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
  return ListView.builder(
    itemCount: items.length,
    padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(vertical: 16),
    itemBuilder: (BuildContext context, int index) {
      return Dismissible(
        background: Container(
          color: Colors.green,
        ),
        key: ValueKey<int>(items[index]),
        onDismissed: (DismissDirection direction) {
          setState(() {
            items.removeAt(index);
          });
        },
        child: ListTile(
          title: Text(
            'Item ${items[index]}',
          ),
        ),
      );
    },
  );
}

5、网络和数据

dart 复制代码
import 'package:http/http.dart' as http;

void main() async {
  var response = await http.get(
    Uri.parse('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/albums/1'),
  );
  print(response.body);
}

6、本地缓存

dart 复制代码
Data? _cachedData;

Future<Data> get data async {
    // Step 1: Check whether your cache already contains the desired data
    if (_cachedData == null) {
        // Step 2: Load the data if the cache was empty
        _cachedData = await _readData();
    }
    // Step 3: Return the value in the cache
    return _cachedData!;
}

6.1、在本地内存中缓存数据

dart 复制代码
class UserRepository {
  UserRepository(this.api);
  
  final Api api;
  final Map<int, User?> _userCache = {};

  Future<User?> loadUser(int id) async {
    if (!_userCache.containsKey(id)) {
      final response = await api.get(id);
      if (response.statusCode == 200) {
        _userCache[id] = User.fromJson(response.body);
      } else {
        _userCache[id] = null;
      }
    }
    return _userCache[id];
  }
}

7、web端和Flutter样式控制对比

在 Flutter 中,为了保持语法简洁, "Lorem ipsum" 文本的默认样式由如下 bold24Roboto 变量定义:

dart 复制代码
TextStyle bold24Roboto = const TextStyle(
  color: Colors.white,
  fontSize: 24,
  fontWeight: FontWeight.bold,
);

7.1、文本样式与对齐

html 复制代码
<div class="grey-box">
  Lorem ipsum
</div>

.grey-box {
    background-color: #e0e0e0; /* grey 300 */
    width: 320px;
    height: 240px;
    font: 900 24px Georgia;
}
dart 复制代码
final container = Container(
  // grey box
  width: 320,
  height: 240,
  color: Colors.grey[300],
  child: const Text(
    'Lorem ipsum',
    style: TextStyle(
      fontFamily: 'Georgia',
      fontSize: 24,
      fontWeight: FontWeight.bold,
    ),
    textAlign: TextAlign.center,
  ),
);

7.2、设置背景颜色

dart 复制代码
final container = Container(
  // grey box
  width: 320,
  height: 240,
  color: Colors.grey[300],
  child: Text(
    'Lorem ipsum',
    style: bold24Roboto,
  ),
);
dart 复制代码
final container = Container(
  // grey box
  width: 320,
  height: 240,
  decoration: BoxDecoration(
    color: Colors.grey[300],
  ),
  child: Text(
    'Lorem ipsum',
    style: bold24Roboto,
  ),
);

7.3、居中元素

dart 复制代码
final container = Container(
  // grey box
  width: 320,
  height: 240,
  color: Colors.grey[300],
  child: Center(
    child: Text(
      'Lorem ipsum',
      style: bold24Roboto,
    ),
  ),
);

7.4、设置容器宽度

dart 复制代码
final container = Container(
  // grey box
  width: 320,
  height: 240,
  color: Colors.grey[300],
  child: Center(
    child: Container(
      // red box
      width: 240, // max-width is 240
      padding: const EdgeInsets.all(16),
      decoration: BoxDecoration(
        color: Colors.red[400],
      ),
      child: Text(
        'Lorem ipsum',
        style: bold24Roboto,
      ),
    ),
  ),
);

7.5、设置绝对位置

dart 复制代码
final container = Container(
  // grey box
  width: 320,
  height: 240,
  color: Colors.grey[300],
  child: Stack(
    children: [
      Positioned(
        // red box
        left: 24,
        top: 24,
        child: Container(
          padding: const EdgeInsets.all(16),
          decoration: BoxDecoration(
            color: Colors.red[400],
          ),
          child: Text(
            'Lorem ipsum',
            style: bold24Roboto,
          ),
        ),
      ),
    ],
  ),
);

7.6、旋转元素

dart 复制代码
final container = Container(
  // grey box
  width: 320,
  height: 240,
  color: Colors.grey[300],
  child: Center(
    child: Transform(
      alignment: Alignment.center,
      transform: Matrix4.identity()..rotateZ(15 * 3.1415927 / 180),
      child: Container(
        // red box
        padding: const EdgeInsets.all(16),
        decoration: BoxDecoration(
          color: Colors.red[400],
        ),
        child: Text(
          'Lorem ipsum',
          style: bold24Roboto,
          textAlign: TextAlign.center,
        ),
      ),
    ),
  ),
);

7.7、缩放元素

dart 复制代码
final container = Container(
  // grey box
  width: 320,
  height: 240,
  color: Colors.grey[300],
  child: Center(
    child: Transform(
      alignment: Alignment.center,
      transform: Matrix4.identity()..scale(1.5),
      child: Container(
        // red box
        padding: const EdgeInsets.all(16),
        decoration: BoxDecoration(
          color: Colors.red[400],
        ),
        child: Text(
          'Lorem ipsum',
          style: bold24Roboto,
          textAlign: TextAlign.center,
        ),
      ),
    ),
  ),
);

7.8、圆角

dart 复制代码
final container = Container(
  // grey box
  width: 320,
  height: 240,
  color: Colors.grey[300],
  child: Center(
    child: Container(
      // red circle
      padding: const EdgeInsets.all(16),
      decoration: BoxDecoration(
        color: Colors.red[400],
        borderRadius: const BorderRadius.all(
          Radius.circular(8),
        ),
      ),
      child: Text(
        'Lorem ipsum',
        style: bold24Roboto,
      ),
    ),
  ),
);

7.8、文字间距调整

dart 复制代码
final container = Container(
  // grey box
  width: 320,
  height: 240,
  color: Colors.grey[300],
  child: Center(
    child: Container(
      // red box
      padding: const EdgeInsets.all(16),
      decoration: BoxDecoration(
        color: Colors.red[400],
      ),
      child: const Text(
        'Lorem ipsum',
        style: TextStyle(
          color: Colors.white,
          fontSize: 24,
          fontWeight: FontWeight.w900,
          letterSpacing: 4,
        ),
      ),
    ),
  ),
);
相关推荐
maki07718 小时前
VR大空间资料 01 —— 常用VR框架对比
android·ue5·游戏引擎·vr·虚幻·pico
xhBruce1 天前
InputReader与InputDispatcher关系 - android-15.0.0_r23
android·ims
领创工作室1 天前
安卓设备分区作用详解-测试机红米K40
android·java·linux
hello_ludy1 天前
Android 中的 mk 和 bp 文件编译说明
android·编译
羊锦磊1 天前
[ Redis ] 数据结构储存系统
数据库·redis·缓存
祈祷苍天赐我java之术1 天前
Redis 有序集合解析
java·前端·windows·redis·缓存·bootstrap·html
maki0771 天前
VR大空间资料 03 —— VRGK使用体验和源码分析
android·vr·虚幻·源码分析·oculus·htc vive·vrgk
white-persist1 天前
【burp手机真机抓包】Burp Suite 在真机(Android and IOS)抓包手机APP + 微信小程序详细教程
android·前端·ios·智能手机·微信小程序·小程序·原型模式
安卓AndroidQ1 天前
Android Studio 代码混淆核心解释
android·ide·android studio
qq_7391753691 天前
Android Studio 实现四则运算+开方+倒数简易计算器
android·python·android studio