django中如何使用Django REST Framework

5172025-07-12 13:13

1. 项目设置

python 复制代码

# 创建项目目录
mkdir drf_demo
cd drf_demo

# 创建虚拟环境并激活
python -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate  # Linux/Mac
venv\Scripts\activate    # Windows

# 安装依赖
pip install django djangorestframework django-cors-headers

2. 创建 Django 项目和应用

python 复制代码

django-admin startproject core .
django-admin startapp api

3. 配置 settings.py

python 复制代码

# core/settings.py

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    # 添加的应用
    'rest_framework',
    'corsheaders',
    'api',  # 你的应用
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'corsheaders.middleware.CorsMiddleware',  # 添加 CORS 中间件
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

# 添加以下配置
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': [
        'rest_framework.authentication.SessionAuthentication',
        'rest_framework.authentication.TokenAuthentication',
    ],
    'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': [
        'rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly',
    ]
}

# CORS 配置（开发环境设置）
CORS_ALLOWED_ORIGINS = [
    "http://localhost:8080",  # Vue 开发服务器地址
]

CORS_ALLOW_CREDENTIALS = True

# 数据库配置（使用 SQLite 作为示例）
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3',
    }
}

# 静态文件配置
STATIC_URL = '/static/'