前言
前面章节没看过的朋友请先从第一章开始看 。这章主要写文章相关功能。
后端
创建迁移文件命令
            
            
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          php artisan make:migration create_categories_table编辑database/migrations/2025_07_11_210720_create_categories_table.php
            
            
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          public function up()
 {
     Schema::create('categories', function (Blueprint $table) {
         $table->id(); // 主键,自增ID
         $table->string('name')->unique(); // 分类名称,唯一,如"技术"
         $table->string('slug')->unique(); // 分类别名,URL 友好,如"tech"
         $table->text('description')->nullable(); // 分类描述,可为空
         $table->timestamps(); // 创建时间和更新时间
     });
 }执行迁移
            
            
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          php artisan migrate创建模型命令
            
            
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          php artisan make:model Category编辑模型app/Models/Category.php
            
            
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          <?php
namespace App\Models;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Category extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;
    protected $fillable = ['name', 'slug', 'description'];
}编辑种子文件database/seeders/DatabaseSeeder.php
            
            
              php
              
              
            
          
          <?php
namespace Database\Seeders;
use Illuminate\Database\Seeder;
use App\Models\User;
use App\Models\Category;
class DatabaseSeeder extends Seeder
{
    /**
     * Seed the application's database.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function run()
    {
        $this->call([
            UserSeeder::class
        ]);
        $admin = User::where('name', 'admin')->first();
        // 创建分类
        $categories = [
            Category::create([
                'name' => '技术分享',
                'slug' => 'tech',
                'description' => '分享最新技术、编程经验和开发技巧。',
            ]),
            Category::create([
                'name' => '生活随笔',
                'slug' => 'life',
                'description' => '记录生活点滴、感悟与随想。',
            ]),
            Category::create([
                'name' => '学习笔记',
                'slug' => 'study',
                'description' => '学习过程中的笔记、总结与心得。',
            ]),
        ];
    }
}这里我执行了
            
            
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          php artisan migrate:refresh --seed不知道为啥不起作用。有懂的大佬说一下呗。
我这里直接删了数据库,重新运行迁移和种子文件了。以后加文章之类的应该还是这套操作。笨办法,嘻嘻。
            
            
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          php artisan migrate
php artisan db:seed创建控制器命令
            
            
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          php artisan make:controller CategoryController编辑app/Http/Controllers/CategoryController.php
            
            
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          <?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use App\Models\Category;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
class CategoryController extends Controller
{
    public function index(Request $request) 
    {
        $perPage = $request->input('per_page', 10);
        $search = $request->input('search');
        $query = Category::orderby('create_at', 'desc');
        
        if($search) {
            $query->where('name', 'like', "%{$search}%");
        }
        $categories = $query->paginate($perPage);
        return response()->json([
            'data' =>$categories->items(),
            'pagination' => [
                'total' => $categories->total(),
                'per_page' => $categories->perPage(),
                'current_page' => $categories->currentPage(),
                'last_page' => $categories->lastPage()
            ]
        ], 200);
    }
}