MySQL包安装 -- RHEL系列（离线RPM包安装MySQL）

Raymond运维2025-10-07 22:35

文章目录

        • [2.1.1.2 离线RPM包安装MySQL](#2.1.1.2 离线RPM包安装MySQL)
          • [2.2.1.2.1 MySQL 8.0](#2.2.1.2.1 MySQL 8.0)
          • [2.2.1.2.2 MySQL 8.4](#2.2.1.2.2 MySQL 8.4)
2.1.1.2 离线RPM包安装MySQL
2.2.1.2.1 MySQL 8.0

去"https://www.mysql.com/"网站下载，选择"DOWNLOADS"，如图6所示。

图6 下载MySQL RPM包

选择"MySQL Community (GPL) Downloads"，如图7所示。

图7 下载MySQL RPM包

选择"MySQL Community Server（MySQL社区服务器）"，如图8所示。

图8 下载MySQL RPM包

在"Rocky 9、AlmaLinux 9、CentOS Stream 9、openEuler 24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9、Kylin Server v11"上安装MySQL：

"Select Version（选择版本）"为：8.0.43，"Select Operating System（选择操作系统）"为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Oracle Linux，"Select OS Version（选择操作系统版本）"为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 / Oracle Linux 9 (x86 , 64-bit)，然后选择"RPM Bundle"后面的"Download"，如图9所示。

图9 下载MySQL RPM包

bash 复制代码 
# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、Kylin Server默认没有wget包，需要安装
yum install -y wget

# openEuler 22.03/24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9没有安装tar包，需要安装
yum install -y tar

[root@rocky9 ~]# wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

[root@rocky9 ~]# tar xf mysql-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

方法1：rpm命令安装，要按下面执行的顺序安装，否则会报错

bash 复制代码 
[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm --import https://mirrors.nju.edu.cn/mysql/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2023

[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64.rpm

[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64.rpm

[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64.rpm

[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64.rpm

[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64.rpm

[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
	/usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64
	net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64
# 提示，需要perl和net-tools依赖包

[root@rocky9 ~]# yum install -y perl net-tools

[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64.rpm

方法2：yum命令安装，会自动安装依赖包，从"https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/linux-installation-rpm.html"网址看到安装文档

bash 复制代码 
[root@rocky9 ~]# yum install -y mysql-community-{server,client,client-plugins,icu-data-files,common,libs}-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64.rpm

继续安装MySQL：

bash 复制代码 
[root@rocky9 ~]# systemctl enable --now mysqld

[root@rocky9 ~]# ls /var/lib/mysql
 auto.cnf        client-cert.pem      ibdata1         mysql.ibd            public_key.pem    undo_002
 binlog.000001   client-key.pem       ibtmp1          mysql.sock           server-cert.pem
 binlog.index   '#ib_16384_0.dblwr'  '#innodb_redo'   mysql.sock.lock      server-key.pem
 ca-key.pem     '#ib_16384_1.dblwr'  '#innodb_temp'   performance_schema   sys
 ca.pem          ib_buffer_pool       mysql           private_key.pem      undo_001

[root@rocky9 ~]# mysql -V
mysql  Ver 8.0.43 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

[root@rocky9 ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; preset: disabled)
     Active: active (running) since Wed 2025-10-01 11:06:53 CST; 42s ago
       Docs: man:mysqld(8)
             http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
    Process: 17070 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   Main PID: 17137 (mysqld)
     Status: "Server is operational"
      Tasks: 38 (limit: 10844)
     Memory: 453.0M
        CPU: 2.668s
     CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
             └─17137 /usr/sbin/mysqld

Oct 01 11:06:49 rocky9 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Oct 01 11:06:53 rocky9 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

# 获取MySQL初始密码
[root@rocky9 ~]# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log
2025-10-01T03:06:51.232903Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: qh:/Xbz1YwgL
# "qh:/Xbz1YwgL"就是MySQL的初始密码

# 修改mysql密码
[root@rocky9 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'qh:/Xbz1YwgL' password 123456
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
mysqladmin: unable to change password; error: 'Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements'
# 上面报错提示密码太简单

[root@rocky9 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'qh:/Xbz1YwgL' password Raymond@2025
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.

[root@rocky9 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'Raymond@2025'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.43 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> status
--------------
mysql  Ver 8.0.43 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

Connection id:		9
Current database:	
Current user:		root@localhost
SSL:			Not in use
Current pager:		stdout
Using outfile:		''
Using delimiter:	;
Server version:		8.0.43 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Protocol version:	10
Connection:		Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset:	utf8mb4
Db     characterset:	utf8mb4
Client characterset:	utf8mb4
Conn.  characterset:	utf8mb4
UNIX socket:		/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Binary data as:		Hexadecimal
Uptime:			1 min 55 sec

Threads: 2  Questions: 8  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 130  Flush tables: 3  Open tables: 46  Queries per second avg: 0.069
--------------

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye

在"Rocky 8、AlmaLinux 8、CentOS Stream 8、openEuler 22.03 LTS、AnolisOS 8、OpenCloudOS 8、Kylin Server v10、UOS Server v20"上安装MySQL：

"Select Version（选择版本）"为：8.0.43，"Select Operating System（选择操作系统）"为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Oracle Linux，"Select OS Version（选择操作系统版本）"为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 / Oracle Linux 8 (x86 , 64-bit)，然后选择"RPM Bundle"后面的"Download"，如图10所示。

图10 下载MySQL RPM包

bash 复制代码 
# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、Kylin Server默认没有wget包，需要安装
yum install -y wget

# openEuler 22.03/24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9没有安装tar包，需要安装
yum install -y tar

[root@rocky8 ~]# wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

[root@rocky8 ~]# tar xf mysql-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

方法1：rpm命令安装，要按下面执行的顺序安装，否则会报错

bash 复制代码 
[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm --import https://mirrors.nju.edu.cn/mysql/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2023

[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
	/usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64
	libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64
	libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64
	libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64
	net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64
# 提示，需要perl、libaio和net-tools依赖包

[root@rocky8 ~]# yum install -y perl libaio net-tools

[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

方法2：yum命令安装，会自动安装依赖包，从"https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/linux-installation-rpm.html"网址看到安装文档

bash 复制代码 
[root@rocky8 ~]# yum install -y mysql-community-{server,client,client-plugins,icu-data-files,common,libs}-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

继续安装MySQL：

bash 复制代码 
[root@rocky8 ~]# systemctl enable --now mysqld

[root@rocky8 ~]# ls /var/lib/mysql
 auto.cnf        client-cert.pem      ibdata1         mysql.ibd            public_key.pem    undo_002
 binlog.000001   client-key.pem       ibtmp1          mysql.sock           server-cert.pem
 binlog.index   '#ib_16384_0.dblwr'  '#innodb_redo'   mysql.sock.lock      server-key.pem
 ca-key.pem     '#ib_16384_1.dblwr'  '#innodb_temp'   performance_schema   sys
 ca.pem          ib_buffer_pool       mysql           private_key.pem      undo_001

[root@rocky8 ~]# mysql -V
mysql  Ver 8.0.43 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

[root@rocky8 ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2025-10-01 11:46:51 CST; 40s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 14818 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 14886 (mysqld)
   Status: "Server is operational"
    Tasks: 38 (limit: 10941)
   Memory: 431.0M
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─14886 /usr/sbin/mysqld

Oct 01 11:46:46 rocky8 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Oct 01 11:46:51 rocky8 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

# 获取MySQL初始密码
[root@rocky8 ~]# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log
2025-10-01T03:46:48.159739Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: t%?%brs=q2J9
# "t%?%brs=q2J9"就是MySQL的初始密码

# 修改mysql密码
[root@rocky8 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p't%?%brs=q2J9' password 123456
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
mysqladmin: unable to change password; error: 'Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements'
# 上面报错提示密码太简单

[root@rocky8 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p't%?%brs=q2J9' password Raymond@2025
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.

[root@rocky8 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'Raymond@2025'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.43 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> status
--------------
mysql  Ver 8.0.43 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

Connection id:		9
Current database:	
Current user:		root@localhost
SSL:			Not in use
Current pager:		stdout
Using outfile:		''
Using delimiter:	;
Server version:		8.0.43 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Protocol version:	10
Connection:		Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset:	utf8mb4
Db     characterset:	utf8mb4
Client characterset:	utf8mb4
Conn.  characterset:	utf8mb4
UNIX socket:		/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Binary data as:		Hexadecimal
Uptime:			2 min 19 sec

Threads: 2  Questions: 8  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 130  Flush tables: 3  Open tables: 46  Queries per second avg: 0.057
--------------

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye

在"CentOS 7"上安装MySQL：

"Select Version（选择版本）"为：8.0.43，"Select Operating System（选择操作系统）"为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Oracle Linux，"Select OS Version（选择操作系统版本）"为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 / Oracle Linux 7 (x86 , 64-bit)，然后选择"RPM Bundle"后面的"Download"，如图11所示。

图11 下载MySQL RPM包

bash 复制代码 
# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、Kylin Server默认没有wget包，需要安装
yum install -y wget

# openEuler 22.03/24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9没有安装tar包，需要安装
yum install -y tar

[root@centos7 ~]# wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

[root@centos7 ~]# tar xf mysql-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

方法1：rpm命令安装，要按下面执行的顺序安装，否则会报错

bash 复制代码 
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm --import https://mirrors.nju.edu.cn/mysql/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2023

[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-community-libs-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
	mariadb-libs is obsoleted by mysql-community-libs-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64
# 由于 mysql-community-libs 替代了 mariadb-libs，导致依赖关系冲突。

# 卸载 MariaDB 库
[root@centos7 ~]# yum remove -y mariadb-libs

[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
	/usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64
	libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64
	libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64
	libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64
	net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64
	perl(Getopt::Long) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64
	perl(strict) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64
# 提示，需要perl、libaio和net-tools依赖包

[root@centos7 ~]# yum install -y perl libaio net-tools

[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

方法2：yum命令安装，会自动安装依赖包，从"https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/linux-installation-rpm.html"网址看到安装文档

bash 复制代码 
# 卸载 MariaDB 库
[root@centos7 ~]# yum remove -y mariadb-libs

[root@centos7 ~]# yum install -y mysql-community-{server,client,client-plugins,icu-data-files,common,libs}-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

继续安装MySQL：

bash 复制代码 
[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl enable --now mysqld

[root@centos7 ~]# ls /var/lib/mysql
auto.cnf       ca.pem             #ib_16384_1.dblwr  #innodb_redo  mysql.sock          public_key.pem   undo_001
binlog.000001  client-cert.pem    ib_buffer_pool     #innodb_temp  mysql.sock.lock     server-cert.pem  undo_002
binlog.index   client-key.pem     ibdata1            mysql         performance_schema  server-key.pem
ca-key.pem     #ib_16384_0.dblwr  ibtmp1             mysql.ibd     private_key.pem     sys

[root@centos7 ~]# mysql -V
mysql  Ver 8.0.43 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2025-10-01 20:05:47 CST; 35s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 1205 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 1271 (mysqld)
   Status: "Server is operational"
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─1271 /usr/sbin/mysqld

Oct 01 20:05:42 centos7 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Oct 01 20:05:47 centos7 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

# 获取MySQL初始密码
[root@centos7 ~]# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log
2025-10-01T12:05:44.478664Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: W7#Fzwshj0P-
# "W7#Fzwshj0P-"就是MySQL的初始密码

# 修改mysql密码
[root@centos7 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'W7#Fzwshj0P-' password 123456
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
mysqladmin: unable to change password; error: 'Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements'
# 上面报错提示密码太简单

[root@centos7 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'W7#Fzwshj0P-' password Raymond@2025
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.

[root@centos7 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'Raymond@2025'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.43 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> status
--------------
mysql  Ver 8.0.43 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

Connection id:		9
Current database:	
Current user:		root@localhost
SSL:			Not in use
Current pager:		stdout
Using outfile:		''
Using delimiter:	;
Server version:		8.0.43 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Protocol version:	10
Connection:		Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset:	utf8mb4
Db     characterset:	utf8mb4
Client characterset:	utf8mb4
Conn.  characterset:	utf8mb4
UNIX socket:		/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Binary data as:		Hexadecimal
Uptime:			1 min 42 sec

Threads: 2  Questions: 8  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 130  Flush tables: 3  Open tables: 46  Queries per second avg: 0.078
--------------

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye
2.2.1.2.2 MySQL 8.4

去"https://www.mysql.com/"网站下载，选择"DOWNLOADS"，如图12所示。

图12 下载MySQL RPM包

选择"MySQL Community (GPL) Downloads"，如图13所示。

图13 下载MySQL RPM包

选择"MySQL Community Server（MySQL社区服务器）"，如图14所示。

图14 下载MySQL RPM包

在"Rocky 10、AlmaLinux 10和CentOS Stream 10"上安装MySQL：

"Select Version（选择版本）"为：8.4.6 LTS，"Select Operating System（选择操作系统）"为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Oracle Linux，"Select OS Version（选择操作系统版本）"为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 / Oracle Linux 10 (x86 , 64-bit)，然后选择"RPM Bundle"后面的"Download"，如图15所示。

图15 下载MySQL RPM包

bash 复制代码 
# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、Kylin Server默认没有wget包，需要安装
yum install -y wget

# openEuler 22.03/24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9没有安装tar包，需要安装
yum install -y tar

[root@rocky10 ~]# wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.4/mysql-8.4.6-1.el10.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

[root@rocky10 ~]# tar xf mysql-8.4.6-1.el10.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

方法1：rpm命令安装，要按下面执行的顺序安装，否则会报错

bash 复制代码 
[root@rocky10 ~]# rpm --import https://mirrors.nju.edu.cn/mysql/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2023

[root@rocky10 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.4.6-1.el10.x86_64.rpm

[root@rocky10 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.4.6-1.el10.x86_64.rpm

[root@rocky10 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.4.6-1.el10.x86_64.rpm

[root@rocky10 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.4.6-1.el10.x86_64.rpm

[root@rocky10 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.4.6-1.el10.x86_64.rpm

[root@rocky10 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el10.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el10.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
	/usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el10.x86_64
	net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el10.x86_64
# 提示，需要perl和net-tools依赖包

[root@rocky10 ~]# yum install -y perl net-tools

[root@rocky10 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el10.x86_64.rpm

方法2：yum命令安装，会自动安装依赖包，从"https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.4/en/linux-installation-rpm.html"网址看到安装文档

bash 复制代码 
[root@rocky10 ~]# yum install -y mysql-community-{server,client,client-plugins,icu-data-files,common,libs}-8.4.6-1.el10.x86_64.rpm

继续安装MySQL：

bash 复制代码 
[root@rocky10 ~]# systemctl enable --now mysqld

[root@rocky10 ~]# ls /var/lib/mysql
 auto.cnf        client-cert.pem      ibdata1         mysql.ibd               private_key.pem   undo_001
 binlog.000001   client-key.pem       ibtmp1          mysql.sock              public_key.pem    undo_002
 binlog.index   '#ib_16384_0.dblwr'  '#innodb_redo'   mysql.sock.lock         server-cert.pem
 ca-key.pem     '#ib_16384_1.dblwr'  '#innodb_temp'   mysql_upgrade_history   server-key.pem
 ca.pem          ib_buffer_pool       mysql           performance_schema      sys

[root@rocky10 ~]# mysql -V
mysql  Ver 8.4.6 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

[root@rocky10 ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; preset: disabled)
     Active: active (running) since Wed 2025-10-01 14:57:28 CST; 33s ago
 Invocation: 011c0e0db8894ed680e43658126e5091
       Docs: man:mysqld(8)
             http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
    Process: 2191 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   Main PID: 2257 (mysqld)
     Status: "Server is operational"
      Tasks: 35 (limit: 10481)
     Memory: 432.2M (peak: 446.1M)
        CPU: 2.342s
     CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
             └─2257 /usr/sbin/mysqld

Oct 01 14:57:24 rocky10 systemd[1]: Starting mysqld.service - MySQL Server...
Oct 01 14:57:27 rocky10 (mysqld)[2257]: mysqld.service: Referenced but unset environment variable evaluates to a>
Oct 01 14:57:28 rocky10 systemd[1]: Started mysqld.service - MySQL Server.

# 获取MySQL初始密码
[root@rocky10 ~]# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log
2025-10-01T06:57:25.751263Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: o:=oBI30F+>a
# "o:=oBI30F+>a"就是MySQL的初始密码

# 修改mysql密码
[root@rocky10 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'o:=oBI30F+>a' password 123456
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
mysqladmin: unable to change password; error: 'Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements'
# 上面报错提示密码太简单

[root@rocky10 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'o:=oBI30F+>a' password Raymond@2025
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.

[root@rocky10 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'Raymond@2025'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.4.6 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> status
--------------
mysql  Ver 8.4.6 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

Connection id:		9
Current database:	
Current user:		root@localhost
SSL:			Not in use
Current pager:		stdout
Using outfile:		''
Using delimiter:	;
Server version:		8.4.6 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Protocol version:	10
Connection:		Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset:	utf8mb4
Db     characterset:	utf8mb4
Client characterset:	utf8mb4
Conn.  characterset:	utf8mb4
UNIX socket:		/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Binary data as:		Hexadecimal
Uptime:			2 min 4 sec

Threads: 2  Questions: 9  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 130  Flush tables: 3  Open tables: 46  Queries per second avg: 0.072
--------------

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye

在"Rocky 9、AlmaLinux 9、CentOS Stream 9、openEuler 24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9、Kylin Server v11"上安装MySQL：

"Select Version（选择版本）"为：8.4.6 LTS，"Select Operating System（选择操作系统）"为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Oracle Linux，"Select OS Version（选择操作系统版本）"为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 / Oracle Linux 9 (x86 , 64-bit)，然后选择"RPM Bundle"后面的"Download"，如图16所示。

图16 下载MySQL RPM包

bash 复制代码 
# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、Kylin Server默认没有wget包，需要安装
yum install -y wget

# openEuler 22.03/24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9没有安装tar包，需要安装
yum install -y tar

[root@rocky9 ~]# wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.4/mysql-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

[root@rocky9 ~]# tar xf mysql-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

方法1：rpm命令安装，要按下面执行的顺序安装，否则会报错

bash 复制代码 
[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm --import https://mirrors.nju.edu.cn/mysql/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2023

[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm

[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm

[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm

[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm

[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm

[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
	/usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64
	net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64
# 提示，需要perl和net-tools依赖包

[root@rocky9 ~]# yum install -y perl net-tools

[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm

方法2：yum命令安装，会自动安装依赖包，从"https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.4/en/linux-installation-rpm.html"网址看到安装文档

bash 复制代码 
[root@rocky9 ~]# yum install -y mysql-community-{server,client,client-plugins,icu-data-files,common,libs}-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm

继续安装MySQL：

bash 复制代码 
[root@rocky9 ~]# systemctl enable --now mysqld

[root@rocky9 ~]# ls /var/lib/mysql
 auto.cnf        client-cert.pem      ibdata1         mysql.ibd               private_key.pem   undo_001
 binlog.000001   client-key.pem       ibtmp1          mysql.sock              public_key.pem    undo_002
 binlog.index   '#ib_16384_0.dblwr'  '#innodb_redo'   mysql.sock.lock         server-cert.pem
 ca-key.pem     '#ib_16384_1.dblwr'  '#innodb_temp'   mysql_upgrade_history   server-key.pem
 ca.pem          ib_buffer_pool       mysql           performance_schema      sys

[root@rocky9 ~]# mysql -V
mysql  Ver 8.4.6 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

[root@rocky9 ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; preset: disabled)
     Active: active (running) since Wed 2025-10-01 15:15:21 CST; 33s ago
       Docs: man:mysqld(8)
             http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
    Process: 16934 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   Main PID: 16999 (mysqld)
     Status: "Server is operational"
      Tasks: 36 (limit: 10844)
     Memory: 434.2M
        CPU: 2.387s
     CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
             └─16999 /usr/sbin/mysqld

Oct 01 15:15:17 rocky9 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Oct 01 15:15:21 rocky9 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

# 获取MySQL初始密码
[root@rocky9 ~]# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log
2025-10-01T07:15:18.447006Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ypt)iWaEy3vo
# "ypt)iWaEy3vo"就是MySQL的初始密码

# 修改mysql密码
[root@rocky9 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'ypt)iWaEy3vo' password 123456
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
mysqladmin: unable to change password; error: 'Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements'
# 上面报错提示密码太简单

[root@rocky9 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'ypt)iWaEy3vo' password Raymond@2025
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.

[root@rocky9 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'Raymond@2025'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.4.6 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> status
--------------
mysql  Ver 8.4.6 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

Connection id:		10
Current database:	
Current user:		root@localhost
SSL:			Not in use
Current pager:		stdout
Using outfile:		''
Using delimiter:	;
Server version:		8.4.6 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Protocol version:	10
Connection:		Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset:	utf8mb4
Db     characterset:	utf8mb4
Client characterset:	utf8mb4
Conn.  characterset:	utf8mb4
UNIX socket:		/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Binary data as:		Hexadecimal
Uptime:			1 min 31 sec

Threads: 2  Questions: 9  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 130  Flush tables: 3  Open tables: 46  Queries per second avg: 0.098
--------------

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye

在"Rocky 8、AlmaLinux 8、CentOS Stream 8、openEuler 22.03 LTS、AnolisOS 8、OpenCloudOS 8、Kylin Server v10、UOS Server v20"上安装MySQL：

"Select Version（选择版本）"为：8.4.6 LTS，"Select Operating System（选择操作系统）"为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Oracle Linux，"Select OS Version（选择操作系统版本）"为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 / Oracle Linux 8 (x86 , 64-bit)，然后选择"RPM Bundle"后面的"Download"，如图17所示。

图17 下载MySQL RPM包

bash 复制代码 
# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、Kylin Server默认没有wget包，需要安装
yum install -y wget

# openEuler 22.03/24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9没有安装tar包，需要安装
yum install -y tar

[root@rocky8 ~]# wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.4/mysql-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

[root@rocky8 ~]# tar xf mysql-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

方法1：rpm命令安装，要按下面执行的顺序安装，否则会报错

bash 复制代码 
[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm --import https://mirrors.nju.edu.cn/mysql/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2023

[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
	/usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64
	libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64
	libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64
	libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64
	net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64
# 提示，需要perl、libaio和net-tools依赖包

[root@rocky8 ~]# yum install -y perl libaio net-tools

[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

方法2：yum命令安装，会自动安装依赖包，从"https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.4/en/linux-installation-rpm.html"网址看到安装文档

bash 复制代码 
[root@rocky8 ~]# yum install -y mysql-community-{server,client,client-plugins,icu-data-files,common,libs}-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

继续安装MySQL：

bash 复制代码 
[root@rocky8 ~]# systemctl enable --now mysqld

[root@rocky8 ~]# ls /var/lib/mysql
 auto.cnf        client-cert.pem      ibdata1         mysql.ibd               private_key.pem   undo_001
 binlog.000001   client-key.pem       ibtmp1          mysql.sock              public_key.pem    undo_002
 binlog.index   '#ib_16384_0.dblwr'  '#innodb_redo'   mysql.sock.lock         server-cert.pem
 ca-key.pem     '#ib_16384_1.dblwr'  '#innodb_temp'   mysql_upgrade_history   server-key.pem
 ca.pem          ib_buffer_pool       mysql           performance_schema      sys

[root@rocky8 ~]# mysql -V
mysql  Ver 8.4.6 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

[root@rocky8 ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2025-10-01 15:30:42 CST; 26s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 14468 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 14534 (mysqld)
   Status: "Server is operational"
    Tasks: 35 (limit: 10941)
   Memory: 436.1M
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─14534 /usr/sbin/mysqld

Oct 01 15:30:38 rocky8 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Oct 01 15:30:42 rocky8 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

# 获取MySQL初始密码
[root@rocky8 ~]# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log
2025-10-01T07:30:39.846407Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: o+=(4ofk5(Jv
# "o+=(4ofk5(Jv"就是MySQL的初始密码

# 修改mysql密码
[root@rocky8 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'o+=(4ofk5(Jv' password 123456
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
mysqladmin: unable to change password; error: 'Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements'
# 上面报错提示密码太简单

[root@rocky8 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'o+=(4ofk5(Jv' password Raymond@2025
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.

[root@rocky8 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'Raymond@2025'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.4.6 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> status
--------------
mysql  Ver 8.4.6 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

Connection id:		9
Current database:	
Current user:		root@localhost
SSL:			Not in use
Current pager:		stdout
Using outfile:		''
Using delimiter:	;
Server version:		8.4.6 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Protocol version:	10
Connection:		Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset:	utf8mb4
Db     characterset:	utf8mb4
Client characterset:	utf8mb4
Conn.  characterset:	utf8mb4
UNIX socket:		/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Binary data as:		Hexadecimal
Uptime:			1 min 35 sec

Threads: 2  Questions: 9  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 130  Flush tables: 3  Open tables: 46  Queries per second avg: 0.094
--------------

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye

在"CentOS 7"上安装MySQL：

"Select Version（选择版本）"为：8.4.6 LTS，"Select Operating System（选择操作系统）"为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Oracle Linux，"Select OS Version（选择操作系统版本）"为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 / Oracle Linux 7 (x86 , 64-bit)，然后选择"RPM Bundle"后面的"Download"，如图18所示。

图18 下载MySQL RPM包

bash 复制代码 
# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、Kylin Server默认没有wget包，需要安装
yum install -y wget

# openEuler 22.03/24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9没有安装tar包，需要安装
yum install -y tar

[root@centos7 ~]# wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.4/mysql-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

[root@centos7 ~]# tar xf mysql-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

方法1：rpm命令安装，要按下面执行的顺序安装，否则会报错

bash 复制代码 
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm --import https://mirrors.nju.edu.cn/mysql/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2023

[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-libs-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
	mariadb-libs is obsoleted by mysql-community-libs-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64
# 由于 mysql-community-libs 替代了 mariadb-libs，导致依赖关系冲突。

# 卸载 MariaDB 库
[root@centos7 ~]# yum remove -y mariadb-libs

[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
	/usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64
	libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64
	libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64
	libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64
	mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 8.0.11 is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64
	net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64
	perl(Getopt::Long) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64
	perl(strict) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64
# 提示，需要perl、libaio和net-tools依赖包

[root@centos7 ~]# yum install -y perl libaio net-tools

[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

方法2：yum命令安装，会自动安装依赖包，从"https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.4/en/linux-installation-rpm.html"网址看到安装文档

bash 复制代码 
# 卸载 MariaDB 库
[root@centos7 ~]# yum remove -y mariadb-libs

[root@centos7 ~]# yum install -y mysql-community-{server,client,client-plugins,icu-data-files,common,libs}-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

继续安装MySQL：

bash 复制代码 
[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl enable --now mysqld

[root@centos7 ~]# ls /var/lib/mysql
auto.cnf       client-cert.pem    ibdata1       mysql.ibd              private_key.pem  undo_001
binlog.000001  client-key.pem     ibtmp1        mysql.sock             public_key.pem   undo_002
binlog.index   #ib_16384_0.dblwr  #innodb_redo  mysql.sock.lock        server-cert.pem
ca-key.pem     #ib_16384_1.dblwr  #innodb_temp  mysql_upgrade_history  server-key.pem
ca.pem         ib_buffer_pool     mysql         performance_schema     sys

[root@centos7 ~]# mysql -V
mysql  Ver 8.4.6 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2025-10-01 23:59:24 CST; 40s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 1275 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 1339 (mysqld)
   Status: "Server is operational"
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─1339 /usr/sbin/mysqld

Oct 01 23:59:19 centos7 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Oct 01 23:59:24 centos7 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

# 获取MySQL初始密码
[root@centos7 ~]# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log
2025-10-01T15:59:21.430023Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: sK4W5xLhmd_V
# "sK4W5xLhmd_V"就是MySQL的初始密码

# 修改mysql密码
[root@centos7 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'sK4W5xLhmd_V' password 123456
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
mysqladmin: unable to change password; error: 'Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements'
# 上面报错提示密码太简单

[root@centos7 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'sK4W5xLhmd_V' password Raymond@2025
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.

[root@centos7 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'Raymond@2025'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.4.6 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> status
--------------
mysql  Ver 8.4.6 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

Connection id:		9
Current database:	
Current user:		root@localhost
SSL:			Not in use
Current pager:		stdout
Using outfile:		''
Using delimiter:	;
Server version:		8.4.6 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Protocol version:	10
Connection:		Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset:	utf8mb4
Db     characterset:	utf8mb4
Client characterset:	utf8mb4
Conn.  characterset:	utf8mb4
UNIX socket:		/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Binary data as:		Hexadecimal
Uptime:			1 min 45 sec

Threads: 2  Questions: 9  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 130  Flush tables: 3  Open tables: 46  Queries per second avg: 0.085
--------------

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye
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