开源 Linux 服务器与中间件（三）服务器--Nginx

#查看防火墙规则
sudo ufw status


# 允许 HTTP 流量（端口 80）
sudo ufw allow 'Nginx HTTP'

# 或者允许 HTTPS 流量（端口 443）
sudo ufw allow 'Nginx HTTPS'

# 启用防火墙（如果尚未启用）
sudo ufw enable

# 删除规则
sudo ufw delete allow 'Nginx HTTP'

页面显示，安装访问成功

三、Nginx修改

1.重要文件和目录

默认网站根目录: /var/www/html/

主配置文件: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

站点配置文件: /etc/nginx/sites-available/

启用的站点: /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/

日志文件: /var/log/nginx/

拷贝登录页面替换/var/www/html/的index.nginx-debian

然后重启nginx

复制代码

sudo systemctl restart nginx

再次访问页面，已经实现了修改

登录页面源码

复制代码

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>登录 - 您的应用名称</title>
    <style>
        * {
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
            box-sizing: border-box;
            font-family: 'Segoe UI', Tahoma, Geneva, Verdana, sans-serif;
        }
        
        body {
            display: flex;
            justify-content: center;
            align-items: center;
            min-height: 100vh;
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
            padding: 20px;
        }
        
        .container {
            width: 100%;
            max-width: 400px;
        }
        
        .login-card {
            background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
            border-radius: 20px;
            box-shadow: 0 15px 35px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
            padding: 40px 30px;
            backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
            animation: fadeIn 0.8s ease-out;
        }
        
        @keyframes fadeIn {
            from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(20px); }
            to { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
        }
        
        .logo {
            text-align: center;
            margin-bottom: 30px;
        }
        
        .logo h1 {
            color: #333;
            font-size: 28px;
            font-weight: 600;
            margin-bottom: 5px;
        }
        
        .logo p {
            color: #666;
            font-size: 14px;
        }
        
        .input-group {
            position: relative;
            margin-bottom: 25px;
        }
        
        .input-group input {
            width: 100%;
            padding: 15px 15px 15px 45px;
            border: none;
            background: #f0f0f0;
            border-radius: 10px;
            font-size: 16px;
            transition: all 0.3s ease;
            outline: none;
        }
        
        .input-group input:focus {
            background: #e8e8e8;
            box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.3);
        }
        
        .input-group i {
            position: absolute;
            left: 15px;
            top: 50%;
            transform: translateY(-50%);
            color: #888;
            font-size: 18px;
        }
        
        .options {
            display: flex;
            justify-content: space-between;
            align-items: center;
            margin-bottom: 25px;
            font-size: 14px;
        }
        
        .remember {
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
        }
        
        .remember input {
            margin-right: 8px;
        }
        
        .forgot-password {
            color: #667eea;
            text-decoration: none;
            transition: color 0.3s;
        }
        
        .forgot-password:hover {
            color: #764ba2;
            text-decoration: underline;
        }
        
        .login-btn {
            width: 100%;
            padding: 15px;
            border: none;
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
            color: white;
            border-radius: 10px;
            font-size: 16px;
            font-weight: 600;
            cursor: pointer;
            transition: transform 0.3s, box-shadow 0.3s;
        }
        
        .login-btn:hover {
            transform: translateY(-2px);
            box-shadow: 0 7px 15px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.4);
        }
        
        .login-btn:active {
            transform: translateY(0);
        }
        
        .divider {
            text-align: center;
            margin: 25px 0;
            position: relative;
            color: #888;
        }
        
        .divider::before {
            content: "";
            position: absolute;
            left: 0;
            top: 50%;
            width: 42%;
            height: 1px;
            background: #ddd;
        }
        
        .divider::after {
            content: "";
            position: absolute;
            right: 0;
            top: 50%;
            width: 42%;
            height: 1px;
            background: #ddd;
        }
        
        .social-login {
            display: flex;
            justify-content: center;
            gap: 15px;
            margin-bottom: 25px;
        }
        
        .social-btn {
            width: 45px;
            height: 45px;
            border-radius: 50%;
            display: flex;
            justify-content: center;
            align-items: center;
            background: #f0f0f0;
            color: #555;
            font-size: 18px;
            text-decoration: none;
            transition: all 0.3s;
        }
        
        .social-btn:hover {
            transform: translateY(-3px);
            box-shadow: 0 5px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
        }
        
        .facebook:hover {
            background: #3b5998;
            color: white;
        }
        
        .twitter:hover {
            background: #1da1f2;
            color: white;
        }
        
        .google:hover {
            background: #dd4b39;
            color: white;
        }
        
        .signup {
            text-align: center;
            font-size: 14px;
            color: #666;
        }
        
        .signup a {
            color: #667eea;
            text-decoration: none;
            font-weight: 600;
            transition: color 0.3s;
        }
        
        .signup a:hover {
            color: #764ba2;
            text-decoration: underline;
        }
        
        @media (max-width: 480px) {
            .login-card {
                padding: 30px 20px;
            }
            
            .logo h1 {
                font-size: 24px;
            }
        }
    </style>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.0.0-beta3/css/all.min.css">
</head>
<body>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="login-card">
            <div class="logo">
                <h1>欢迎回来</h1>
                <p>请登录您的账户</p>
            </div>
            
            <form id="loginForm">
                <div class="input-group">
                    <i class="fas fa-user"></i>
                    <input type="text" id="username" placeholder="用户名或邮箱" required>
                </div>
                
                <div class="input-group">
                    <i class="fas fa-lock"></i>
                    <input type="password" id="password" placeholder="密码" required>
                </div>
                
                <div class="options">
                    <div class="remember">
                        <input type="checkbox" id="remember">
                        <label for="remember">记住我</label>
                    </div>
                    <a href="#" class="forgot-password">忘记密码?</a>
                </div>
                
                <button type="submit" class="login-btn">登录</button>
            </form>
            
            <div class="divider">或使用以下方式登录</div>
            
            <div class="social-login">
                <a href="#" class="social-btn facebook">
                    <i class="fab fa-facebook-f"></i>
                </a>
                <a href="#" class="social-btn twitter">
                    <i class="fab fa-twitter"></i>
                </a>
                <a href="#" class="social-btn google">
                    <i class="fab fa-google"></i>
                </a>
            </div>
            
            <div class="signup">
                还没有账户? <a href="#">立即注册</a>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <script>
        document.getElementById('loginForm').addEventListener('submit', function(e) {
            e.preventDefault();
            
            const username = document.getElementById('username').value;
            const password = document.getElementById('password').value;
            
            // 这里可以添加实际的登录逻辑
            console.log('用户名:', username);
            console.log('密码:', password);
            
            // 模拟登录成功
            alert('登录成功！');
            
            // 在实际应用中，这里会进行表单验证和API调用
            // 例如: 
            // fetch('/api/login', {
            //     method: 'POST',
            //     headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
            //     body: JSON.stringify({ username, password })
            // })
            // .then(response => response.json())
            // .then(data => {
            //     if (data.success) {
            //         window.location.href = '/dashboard';
            //     } else {
            //         alert('登录失败: ' + data.message);
            //     }
            // });
        });
    </script>
</body>
</html>

开源 Linux 服务器与中间件（三）服务器--Nginx

启动 Nginx

设置开机自启

检查运行状态