准备工作:安装必备工具
首先,请确保你的Python环境中安装了requests
库。
bash
pip install requests
第一步:查询自己的公网 IP 信息
python
import requests
import json
# 向ipinfo.io发送请求,不带任何IP地址,它会默认查询你自己的IP
url = "https://ipinfo.io/json"
try:
response = requests.get(url)
response.raise_for_status() # 如果请求失败 (如状态码 4xx, 5xx), 会抛出异常
# 将返回的JSON格式数据解析为Python字典
data = response.json()
print("--- 你的IP信息详情 ---")
# 为了美观,使用json.dumps进行格式化输出
print(json.dumps(data, indent=4, ensure_ascii=False))
except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
print(f"请求失败: {e}")
运行后,你将看到类似这样的输出(信息会根据你的实际情况而变):
json
{
"ip": "xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx",
"hostname": "some.host.name",
"city": "xx",
"region": "xx",
"country": "CN",
"loc": "39.9042,116.4074",
"org": "xx",
"postal": "100000",
"timezone": "Asia/Shanghai",
"readme": "https://ipinfo.io/missingauth"
}
第二步:查询任意指定的 IP 地址
我们可以查询任何一个我们想查的公网IP,比如谷歌的公共DNS服务器 8.8.8.8
。
python
import requests
import json
# 定义要查询的IP地址
target_ip = "8.8.8.8"
# 构造请求URL,将IP地址拼接到URL中
url = f"https://ipinfo.io/{target_ip}/json"
try:
response = requests.get(url)
response.raise_for_status()
data = response.json()
print(f"--- IP: {target_ip} 的信息详情 ---")
print(json.dumps(data, indent=4, ensure_ascii=False))
except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
print(f"请求失败: {e}")
输出将会是:
json
{
"ip": "8.8.8.8",
"hostname": "dns.google",
"city": "Mountain View",
"region": "California",
"country": "US",
"loc": "37.4056,-122.0775",
"org": "AS15169 Google LLC",
"postal": "94043",
"timezone": "America/Los_Angeles",
"readme": "https://ipinfo.io/missingauth",
"anycast": true
}
第三步:自由封装成自己需要的内容显示库
示例
python
import requests
def get_ip_info(ip_address: str) -> dict | None:
"""
查询指定IP地址的详细信息。
:param ip_address: 要查询的IP地址字符串。
:return: 包含IP信息的字典,如果查询失败则返回None。
"""
url = f"https://ipinfo.io/{ip_address}/json"
try:
response = requests.get(url, timeout=5) # 增加超时设置
response.raise_for_status()
return response.json()
except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
print(f"查询IP {ip_address} 时出错: {e}")
return None
# --- 使用我们封装好的函数 ---
if __name__ == "__main__":
ip_list = ["8.8.8.8", "1.1.1.1", "114.114.114.114"]
for ip in ip_list:
info = get_ip_info(ip)
if info:
country = info.get('country', 'N/A')
city = info.get('city', 'N/A')
org = info.get('org', 'N/A')
print(f"IP: {ip:<15} | Location: {country}, {city} | Organization: {org}")
结语
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