轮播图
轮播图的基本概念
定义:轮播图是一种可以水平或垂直滑动切换的多内容展示区域,通常自动循环播放。
实现
添加依赖
这里我们通过Glide加载图片,所以添加Glide的依赖
java
implementation 'com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.16.0'
布局
这里viewpager2就是我们进行轮播的对象,LinearLayout是我们添加指示器的布局(用于显示当前是第几张图片的下标指示器);
java
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="@+id/main"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
<androidx.viewpager2.widget.ViewPager2
android:id = "@+id/vp2_main"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="400dp"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent">
</androidx.viewpager2.widget.ViewPager2>
<LinearLayout
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:id = "@+id/ll_main"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@+id/vp2_main"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/vp2_main"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="@+id/vp2_main">
</LinearLayout>
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
为Viewpager2创建布局
这里很简单,就是一个 ImageView
java
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<ImageView
android:id = "@+id/iv_vp2"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:src="@drawable/newyifu"
android:scaleType="centerCrop">
</ImageView>
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
Viewpager2适配器的创建
因为我们使用的是Glide加载图片,Gilde可以大大提高图片加载的性能,同时要异步操作;
java
Glide.with(context).load(list.get(position)).into(holder.imageView);
这里with需要context,我们在onCreateViewHolder方法中可以通过父布局来获得context,load方法代表我们加载的资源,into代表我们要加载到哪里;
其他部分没变化;
java
public class Viewpage2Adapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<Viewpage2Adapter.viewhold> {
List<Integer> list;
Context context;
public Viewpage2Adapter(List<Integer> list) {
this.list = list;
}
@NonNull
@Override
public viewhold onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
context = parent.getContext();
View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.item_vp2,parent,false);
return new viewhold(view);
}
@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull viewhold holder, int position) {
//使用glide加载可以优化流程,gilde加载属于异步
Glide.with(context).load(list.get(position)).into(holder.imageView);
}
@Override
public int getItemCount() {
return list == null ? 0 : list.size();
}
class viewhold extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
ImageView imageView;
public viewhold(@NonNull View itemView) {
super(itemView);
imageView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.iv_vp2);
}
}
}
实现轮播效果
我们通过Carousel来实现轮播效果;
java
public class Carousel {
private Context context;//得到context
private ViewPager2 mviewpage2;
private LinearLayout mlinearLayout;//得到它用来设置指示器
private List<ImageView> midtlist = new LinkedList<>();
private List<Integer> midlist = new LinkedList<>(); //用于存放大图的Id,为了后续实现轮播效果
private Long AUTO_SCROLL_INTERAEL = 1_500L;
public Carousel(Context context, LinearLayout mlinearLayout, ViewPager2 mviewpage2) {
this.context = context;
this.mlinearLayout = mlinearLayout;
this.mviewpage2 = mviewpage2;
}
public void init(List<Integer> idlist) {
for (int i : idlist) {
midlist.add(i);
ImageView imageView = new ImageView(context);
if (midlist.size()==1) {
imageView.setImageResource(R.drawable.cheng);
} else {
imageView.setImageResource(R.drawable.grey);
}
LinearLayout.LayoutParams layoutParams = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(50, 50);
layoutParams.setMargins(5, 0, 5, 0);
imageView.setLayoutParams(layoutParams);
midtlist.add(imageView);
mlinearLayout.addView(imageView);
}
midlist.add(0, midlist.get(midlist.size() - 1));
midlist.add(midlist.get(1));
Log.d("gk",""+midlist.get(0));
Viewpage2Adapter viewpage2Adapter = new Viewpage2Adapter(midlist);
mviewpage2.setAdapter(viewpage2Adapter);
mviewpage2.setCurrentItem(1, false);
//实现轮播
mviewpage2.registerOnPageChangeCallback(new ViewPager2.OnPageChangeCallback() {
@Override
public void onPageSelected(int position) {
for (int i1 = 0; i1 < midtlist.size(); i1++) {
if (i1 == position - 1) {
midtlist.get(i1).setImageResource(R.drawable.cheng);
} else {
midtlist.get(i1).setImageResource(R.drawable.grey);
}
}
if (position == midlist.size() - 1) {
mviewpage2.setCurrentItem(1, false);
}
if (position == 0) {
mviewpage2.setCurrentItem(midlist.size() - 2, false);
}
super.onPageSelected(position);
}
});
}
};
}
我们来分解一下代码:
java
private Context context;//得到context
private ViewPager2 mviewpage2;
private LinearLayout mlinearLayout;//得到它用来设置指示器
private List<ImageView> midtlist = new LinkedList<>();
private List<Integer> midlist = new LinkedList<>(); //用于存放大图的Id,为了后续实现轮播效果
private Long AUTO_SCROLL_INTERAEL = 1_500L;
public Carousel(Context context, LinearLayout mlinearLayout, ViewPager2 mviewpage2) {
this.context = context;
this.mlinearLayout = mlinearLayout;
this.mviewpage2 = mviewpage2;
}
context是为了后面newImageView的对象; mlinearLayout是为了设置指示器; midtlist是为了后面更新指示器的操作; 因为轮播的图片会有变动,所以我们需要保存变动后的图片资源,记为midlist;AUTO_SCROLL_INTERAEL是轮播的时间;
java
for (int i : idlist) {
midlist.add(i); //把资源加到新的保存资源的List中;
ImageView imageView = new ImageView(context); //创建对应的指示器
if (midlist.size()==1) { //初始化,指向首位
imageView.setImageResource(R.drawable.cheng);
} else {
imageView.setImageResource(R.drawable.grey);
}
LinearLayout.LayoutParams layoutParams = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(50, 50); //设置这个指示的宽高
layoutParams.setMargins(5, 0, 5, 0); //设置指示器的边距
imageView.setLayoutParams(layoutParams); //绑定布局参数
midtlist.add(imageView); //添加到list中,方便后续更新
mlinearLayout.addView(imageView); //添加到布局中
}
这段代码的作用是设置指示器(图片的下标);
java
//把最后一张资源设置到第一张
midlist.add(0, midlist.get(midlist.size() - 1));
//把第一张资源设置到最后一张
midlist.add(midlist.get(1));
Log.d("gk",""+midlist.get(0));
Viewpage2Adapter viewpage2Adapter = new Viewpage2Adapter(midlist);
mviewpage2.setAdapter(viewpage2Adapter);
//初始化到轮播图的第一张;
mviewpage2.setCurrentItem(1, false);
这段代码的作用是初始化;把增加midlist的页数就是为了轮播时的切换;比如轮播到最后一页时,滑到下一页就是第一页,这是我们也偷偷切换到真的第一张,就能避免生硬的切换,使得看起来的效果更逼真;
java
mviewpage2.registerOnPageChangeCallback(new ViewPager2.OnPageChangeCallback() {
@Override
public void onPageSelected(int position) {
for (int i1 = 0; i1 < midtlist.size(); i1++) {
if (i1 == position - 1) {
midtlist.get(i1).setImageResource(R.drawable.cheng);
} else {
midtlist.get(i1).setImageResource(R.drawable.grey);
}
}
if (position == midlist.size() - 1) {
mviewpage2.setCurrentItem(1, false);
}
if (position == 0) {
mviewpage2.setCurrentItem(midlist.size() - 2, false);
}
super.onPageSelected(position);
}
});
这里的效果是手动轮播;我们自行观看代码理解就OK; 想解释的一点是:i1 == position - 1这个条件,因为我们的轮播的页面多了,但是指示器还是原来的;所以这里我们这样设置就能避免指示器更新混乱的问题了; position == midlist.size() - 1就是当它是第一页的内容的时候,我们切换为实际第一页的内容,这样看起来就很比较丝滑不生硬;
自动轮播
java
Handler handler = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());
//得到handler的对象
private final Runnable anToScrollRunnable = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
int currentitem = mviewpage2.getCurrentItem();
if (currentitem == midlist.size() - 2) {
mviewpage2.setCurrentItem(1,false);
} else {
mviewpage2.setCurrentItem(currentitem + 1);
}
handler.postDelayed(anToScrollRunnable, AUTO_SCROLL_INTERAEL);
}
};
这段代码如果理解了手动的话,自动也不难理解; 然后我们在手势变换的回调中进行设置:
java
@Override
public void onPageScrollStateChanged(int state) {
if (state == ViewPager2.SCROLL_STATE_DRAGGING) {
handler.removeCallbacks(anToScrollRunnable);
} else if (state == ViewPager2.SCROLL_STATE_IDLE) {
handler.removeCallbacks(anToScrollRunnable);
handler.postDelayed(anToScrollRunnable, AUTO_SCROLL_INTERAEL);
}
super.onPageScrollStateChanged(state);
}
handler.removeCallbacks(anToScrollRunnable); 就是在任务队列中,移除还没有开始执行的任务
handler.postDelayed(anToScrollRunnable, AUTO_SCROLL_INTERAEL); 就是延迟执行任务,第一个参数是任务,第二个参数是延迟的时间
那么为什么需要移除,因为你如果没有取消"预约"的任务,一直堆积,那么最后的效果可能是,1.5秒切3次等等;
handler.removeCallbacks(anToScrollRunnable);就是停止自动轮播
handler.postDelayed(anToScrollRunnable, AUTO_SCROLL_INTERAEL);就是开始自动轮播
大家可以根据自己的理解自己设置;
我实现的效果:

最后方便大家学习,贴上综合代码:
java
public class Carousel {
private Context context;//得到context
private ViewPager2 mviewpage2;
private LinearLayout mlinearLayout;//得到它用来设置指示器
private List<ImageView> midtlist = new LinkedList<>();
private List<Integer> midlist = new LinkedList<>(); //用于存放大图的Id,为了后续实现轮播效果
private boolean AUTO_SCROLL = false;
private Long AUTO_SCROLL_INTERAEL = 1_500L;
Handler handler = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());
public Carousel(Context context, LinearLayout mlinearLayout, ViewPager2 mviewpage2) {
this.context = context;
this.mlinearLayout = mlinearLayout;
this.mviewpage2 = mviewpage2;
}
public void init(List<Integer> idlist) {
for (int i : idlist) {
midlist.add(i);
ImageView imageView = new ImageView(context);
if (midlist.size()==1) {
imageView.setImageResource(R.drawable.cheng);
} else {
imageView.setImageResource(R.drawable.grey);
}
LinearLayout.LayoutParams layoutParams = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(50, 50);
layoutParams.setMargins(5, 0, 5, 0);
imageView.setLayoutParams(layoutParams);
midtlist.add(imageView);
mlinearLayout.addView(imageView);
}
midlist.add(0, midlist.get(midlist.size() - 1));
midlist.add(midlist.get(1));
Log.d("gk",""+midlist.get(0));
Viewpage2Adapter viewpage2Adapter = new Viewpage2Adapter(midlist);
mviewpage2.setAdapter(viewpage2Adapter);
mviewpage2.setCurrentItem(1, false);
//实现轮播
mviewpage2.registerOnPageChangeCallback(new ViewPager2.OnPageChangeCallback() {
@Override
public void onPageScrollStateChanged(int state) {
if (state == ViewPager2.SCROLL_STATE_DRAGGING) {
handler.removeCallbacks(anToScrollRunnable);
} else if (state == ViewPager2.SCROLL_STATE_IDLE) {
handler.removeCallbacks(anToScrollRunnable);
handler.postDelayed(anToScrollRunnable, AUTO_SCROLL_INTERAEL);
}
super.onPageScrollStateChanged(state);
}
@Override
public void onPageSelected(int position) {
for (int i1 = 0; i1 < midtlist.size(); i1++) {
if (i1 == position - 1) {
midtlist.get(i1).setImageResource(R.drawable.cheng);
} else {
midtlist.get(i1).setImageResource(R.drawable.grey);
}
}
if (position == midlist.size() - 1) {
mviewpage2.setCurrentItem(1, false);
}
if (position == 0) {
mviewpage2.setCurrentItem(midlist.size() - 2, false);
}
super.onPageSelected(position);
}
});
}
private final Runnable anToScrollRunnable = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
int currentitem = mviewpage2.getCurrentItem();
if (currentitem == midlist.size() - 2) {
mviewpage2.setCurrentItem(1,false);
} else {
mviewpage2.setCurrentItem(currentitem + 1);
}
handler.postDelayed(anToScrollRunnable, AUTO_SCROLL_INTERAEL);
}
};
}
public class Viewpage2Adapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<Viewpage2Adapter.viewhold> {
List<Integer> list;
Context context;
public Viewpage2Adapter(List<Integer> list) {
this.list = list;
}
@NonNull
@Override
public viewhold onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
context = parent.getContext();
View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.item_vp2,parent,false);
return new viewhold(view);
}
@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull viewhold holder, int position) {
//使用glide加载可以优化流程,gilde加载属于异步
Glide.with(context).load(list.get(position)).into(holder.imageView);
}
@Override
public int getItemCount() {
return list == null ? 0 : list.size();
}
class viewhold extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
ImageView imageView;
public viewhold(@NonNull View itemView) {
super(itemView);
imageView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.iv_vp2);
}
}
}