需求
一张图片模板，里面有两个字段，内容都要来自Excel，Excel里，对应两个字段。
分析
针对这种需求，没有代码基础的人可以直接使用ppt+Excel的结合的方式。有代码基础的人我直接推荐接下来的代码。
目录结构
auto.py就是主文件内容就是下面的代码。image.png就是要被操作的图片模板。test.xlsx是需要对应放上图片的数据。以本例子为例就是名称和编码的内容。
代码
python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
物料标识卡（小模板 299x92）自动生成
- 写字区域用相对比例，适配任意尺寸模板
- 名称自动换行（最多2行），编码单行
- 自动修正无效矩形（left>right / 越界）
- 支持红框调试与放大渲染（提升清晰度）
依赖: pip install pillow pandas openpyxl
"""
import os, re
import pandas as pd
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont
# ========= 基本配置 =========
TEMPLATE = "image.png" # 模板图（当前这张小模板）
EXCEL = "test.xlsx" # 数据表
OUTDIR = "output" # 输出目录
# 兼容列名
CAND_CODE = ["物料编码","编码","料号","物料代号","物料編碼"]
CAND_NAME = ["物料名称","名称","品名","物料名稱"]
# 字体（按系统情况自选一个存在的）
FONT_CANDIDATES = [
"C:/Windows/Fonts/msyh.ttc", # 微软雅黑
"C:/Windows/Fonts/simsun.ttc", # 宋体
"/System/Library/Fonts/STHeiti Light.ttc", # mac 旧系统
"/System/Library/Fonts/PingFang.ttc", # mac 苹方（若存在）
]
COLOR = (0, 68, 178) # 文字颜色（与模板蓝一致或相近）
# ========= 版面（相对比例） =========
# 这组比例已针对 299×92 的模板精调，如对不上可微调 0.01~0.02
# (left, top, right, bottom) 都是 0~1 的比例
NAME_BOX_RATIO = (0.19, 0.50, 0.46, 0.74) # "名称"字段的可写区做上右下
CODE_BOX_RATIO = (0.74, 0.55, 0.97, 0.74) # "物料编码"字段的可写区 (0.74, 0.60, 0.97, 0.86
# 细微像素级偏移（先保持 0,0；想再贴线就 +-1~2 调）
NUDGE_NAME = (0, 0)
NUDGE_CODE = (0, 0)
# 对齐与字号
V_RATIO = 0.50 # 垂直几何居中（0.5）
H_ALIGN = 'left' # 'left' 或 'right'
MIN_FONT = 18
NAME_MAX_FONT = 50
CODE_MAX_FONT = 50
# 其他
SAFE_MARGIN_PX = 6 # 防止贴边
DRAW_GUIDE = False # True 显示红框调试
UPSCALE = 3 # 放大渲染倍数：1/2/3（2或3更清晰）
# ========= 工具函数 =========
def choose_font(size: int):
for fp in FONT_CANDIDATES:
try:
return ImageFont.truetype(fp, size)
except Exception:
continue
# 全部失败则退回默认位图字体
return ImageFont.load_default()
def text_wh(draw, txt, font):
x1, y1, x2, y2 = draw.textbbox((0, 0), txt, font=font)
return x2 - x1, y2 - y1
def fit_font(draw, txt, max_w, max_font, min_font=MIN_FONT, safe_margin=SAFE_MARGIN_PX):
target_w = max(1, max_w - safe_margin)
for sz in range(max_font, min_font - 1, -1):
f = choose_font(sz)
w, _ = text_wh(draw, txt, f)
if w <= target_w:
return f
return choose_font(min_font)
def norm(s: str) -> str:
s = re.sub(r"\s+", "", str(s or "")).lower()
s = s.replace("編","编").replace("名稱","名称")
return s
def find_col(df: pd.DataFrame, cands):
nm = {c: norm(c) for c in df.columns}
cs = [norm(x) for x in cands]
# 完全匹配优先
for col, n in nm.items():
if n in cs:
return col
# 子串次之
for col, n in nm.items():
if any(c in n for c in cs):
return col
raise KeyError(f"找不到列：{cands}")
def normalize_box(box, W, H, min_w=2, min_h=2):
l, t, r, b = box
# 排序，保证 l<=r, t<=b
if l > r: l, r = r, l
if t > b: t, b = b, t
# 夹到边界
l = max(0, min(l, W-1)); r = max(0, min(r, W-1))
t = max(0, min(t, H-1)); b = max(0, min(b, H-1))
# 保证最小宽高（防止 0 宽/高引发报错）
if r - l < min_w: r = min(W-1, l + min_w)
if b - t < min_h: b = min(H-1, t + min_h)
return (l, t, r, b)
def ratio2box(ratio_box, W, H, nudge=(0,0)):
l = int(ratio_box[0] * W) + nudge[0]
t = int(ratio_box[1] * H) + nudge[1]
r = int(ratio_box[2] * W) + nudge[0]
b = int(ratio_box[3] * H) + nudge[1]
return normalize_box((l, t, r, b), W, H)
def draw_in_box(draw, text, box, v_ratio=0.5, h_align='left', max_font=46):
l, t, r, b = box
max_w = r - l
font = fit_font(draw, text, max_w, max_font=max_font)
w, h = text_wh(draw, text, font)
# 标准几何居中：去除之前实现里的 "*2"
y = int(t + (b - t - h) * v_ratio)
x = (r - w) if h_align == 'right' else l
draw.text((x, y), text, font=font, fill=COLOR)
def _wrap_fit_lines(draw, text, box, max_font, min_font=MIN_FONT, max_lines=2,
safe_margin=SAFE_MARGIN_PX, line_spacing=1.08):
l, t, r, b = box
max_w = r - l - safe_margin
max_h = b - t - safe_margin
seps = ['/', '／', '、', ',', '，', ' ']
def tokenize(s):
tokens, cur = [], ''
for ch in str(s).replace('\n', ' '):
if ch in seps:
if cur: tokens.append(cur); cur = ''
tokens.append(ch)
else:
cur += ch
if cur: tokens.append(cur)
return tokens
tokens = tokenize(text)
for sz in range(max_font, min_font - 1, -1):
f = choose_font(sz)
lines, cur = [], ''
for tk in tokens:
trial = cur + tk
w, _ = text_wh(draw, trial, f)
if w <= max_w or cur == '':
cur = trial
else:
lines.append(cur); cur = tk
if len(lines) >= max_lines:
break
if cur and len(lines) < max_lines:
lines.append(cur)
# 对超宽行做硬切保障
def hard_wrap(s):
out, buf = [], ''
for ch in s:
trial = buf + ch
w, _ = text_wh(draw, trial, f)
if w <= max_w or buf == '':
buf = trial
else:
out.append(buf); buf = ch
if buf: out.append(buf)
return out
fixed = []
for ln in lines:
if text_wh(draw, ln, f)[0] <= max_w:
fixed.append(ln)
else:
fixed.extend(hard_wrap(ln))
if len(fixed) > max_lines:
fixed = fixed[:max_lines]; break
if not fixed:
continue
line_h = int(sz * line_spacing)
if line_h * len(fixed) <= max_h:
return f, fixed[:max_lines]
# 兜底：省略号
f = choose_font(min_font)
lines = [''] * max_lines
i = 0; buf = ''
for ch in ''.join(tokens):
trial = buf + ch
if text_wh(draw, trial, f)[0] <= max_w:
buf = trial
else:
lines[i] = buf; i += 1; buf = ch
if i >= max_lines: break
if i < max_lines: lines[i] = buf
last = lines[-1]
while last and text_wh(draw, last + '...', f)[0] > max_w:
last = last[:-1]
lines[-1] = (last + '...') if last else '...'
return f, lines
def draw_wrapped_in_box(draw, text, box, v_ratio=0.5, h_align='left',
max_font=46, min_font=MIN_FONT, max_lines=2, line_spacing=1.08):
l, t, r, b = box
f, lines = _wrap_fit_lines(draw, text, box, max_font, min_font, max_lines, line_spacing)
line_h = int(f.size * line_spacing)
total_h = line_h * len(lines)
y0 = int(t + (b - t - total_h) * v_ratio)
for idx, ln in enumerate(lines):
w, h = text_wh(draw, ln, f)
x = (r - w) if h_align == 'right' else l
y = y0 + idx * line_h
draw.text((x, y), ln, font=f, fill=COLOR)
# ========= 主流程 =========
def main():
os.makedirs(OUTDIR, exist_ok=True)
df = pd.read_excel(EXCEL, dtype=str).fillna("")
base = Image.open(TEMPLATE).convert("RGBA")
# 放大渲染（整体先放大再写字，字更锐利）
if UPSCALE > 1:
W0, H0 = base.size
base = base.resize((W0*UPSCALE, H0*UPSCALE), resample=Image.LANCZOS)
W, H = base.size
name_box = ratio2box(NAME_BOX_RATIO, W, H, NUDGE_NAME)
code_box = ratio2box(CODE_BOX_RATIO, W, H, NUDGE_CODE)
# 调试输出
print("Template size:", (W, H))
print("name_box:", name_box, "code_box:", code_box)
col_code = find_col(df, CAND_CODE)
col_name = find_col(df, CAND_NAME)
for i, row in df.iterrows():
code = str(row.get(col_code, "")).strip()
name = str(row.get(col_name, "")).strip()
img = base.copy()
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)
if DRAW_GUIDE:
draw.rectangle(name_box, outline=(255, 0, 0), width=1)
draw.rectangle(code_box, outline=(255, 0, 0), width=1)
# 编码：单行
draw_in_box(draw, code, code_box, v_ratio=V_RATIO, h_align=H_ALIGN, max_font=CODE_MAX_FONT)
# 名称：自动换行（最多两行）
draw_wrapped_in_box(draw, name, name_box, v_ratio=V_RATIO, h_align=H_ALIGN,
max_font=NAME_MAX_FONT, min_font=MIN_FONT, max_lines=2, line_spacing=1.08)
out = os.path.join(OUTDIR, f"{code or '未命名'}_{i+1}.png")
img.save(out, dpi=(300, 300))
print("Saved:", out)
print("\n✅ 完成，输出目录：", os.path.abspath(OUTDIR))
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()效果
扩展
我如何调整数据的位置 比如 觉得他在虚线太靠上了，怎么做呢。我如果图片换模板，该怎么做呢。就需要回到代码去调整。
NAME_BOX_RATIO = (0.19, 0.50, 0.46, 0.74) # "名称"字段的可写区做上右下
CODE_BOX_RATIO = (0.74, 0.55, 0.97, 0.74) # "物料编码"字段的可写区 (0.74, 0.60, 0.97, 0.86这部分就是框的大小调整。这个框可以让他暂时显示
DRAW_GUIDE = False # True 显示红框调试调整上述的参数就可以调整框的大小，进而调整字体自适应大小。