Redis Cluster 的节点通信是其核心功能之一,保证了节点之间的数据同步、故障检测和集群管理。Redis Cluster 使用 Gossip 协议进行节点间通信,并通过 TCP 进行点对点的消息传递。节点间的消息通常包括心跳(Ping/Pong)、故障报告、槽分配信息等。
节点通信实现步骤
- 节点发现:集群节点需要知道其他节点的存在,并与它们建立通信。
- 心跳检测:节点之间定期发送心跳消息(Ping),以确认它们的健康状态。
- 消息处理:节点收到的消息需要进行解析和处理。
- 故障检测:如果一个节点长时间未响应心跳消息,它可能会被标记为失败。
- 数据同步:节点间的数据变化(例如槽分配)需要同步到整个集群。
详细实现步骤和代码示例
1. 节点发现
节点发现是通过配置文件或启动参数指定集群的初始节点,然后通过这些初始节点发现其他节点。
c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define MAX_NODES 10
typedef struct clusterNode {
char name[40]; /* Node ID */
char ip[16]; /* Node IP */
int port; /* Node Port */
} clusterNode;
typedef struct cluster {
clusterNode nodes[MAX_NODES];
int node_count;
} cluster;
/* Function to add a node to the cluster */
void addNode(cluster *cl, const char *name, const char *ip, int port) {
if (cl->node_count < MAX_NODES) {
strcpy(cl->nodes[cl->node_count].name, name);
strcpy(cl->nodes[cl->node_count].ip, ip);
cl->nodes[cl->node_count].port = port;
cl->node_count++;
} else {
printf("Cluster node limit reached\n");
}
}
/* Example usage */
int main() {
cluster cl = {0};
addNode(&cl, "node1", "192.168.1.1", 6379);
addNode(&cl, "node2", "192.168.1.2", 6379);
for (int i = 0; i < cl.node_count; i++) {
printf("Node %s: %s:%d\n", cl.nodes[i].name, cl.nodes[i].ip, cl.nodes[i].port);
}
return 0;
}
2. 心跳检测
心跳消息用于节点之间的健康检查,通常是 Ping/Pong 消息,用于确认节点是否在线。
c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>
#define HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL 1000 // 1 second
typedef struct clusterNode {
char name[40]; /* Node ID */
char ip[16]; /* Node IP */
int port; /* Node Port */
time_t last_heartbeat; /* Last time a heartbeat was received */
} clusterNode;
typedef struct cluster {
clusterNode nodes[MAX_NODES];
int node_count;
} cluster;
/* Function to send heartbeat message */
void sendHeartbeat(clusterNode *node) {
printf("Sending heartbeat to node %s\n", node->name);
// In a real implementation, here you would send a PING message over the network.
node->last_heartbeat = time(NULL);
}
/* Function to check for node failures based on heartbeat */
void checkHeartbeat(clusterNode *node) {
time_t now = time(NULL);
if (now - node->last_heartbeat > HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL) {
printf("Node %s is not responding\n", node->name);
// Mark node as failed
// In a real implementation, update the node's status
}
}
/* Example usage */
int main() {
clusterNode node = {"node1", "192.168.1.1", 6379, time(NULL)};
// Periodically send heartbeat
sendHeartbeat(&node);
// Simulate a delay in heartbeat
node.last_heartbeat = time(NULL) - 2;
// Check heartbeat
checkHeartbeat(&node);
return 0;
}
3. 消息处理
节点收到的消息需要进行解析和处理,根据消息类型执行不同的操作。
c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
typedef struct clusterNode {
char name[40]; /* Node ID */
char ip[16]; /* Node IP */
int port; /* Node Port */
// other fields...
} clusterNode;
/* Enum for message types */
typedef enum {
MSG_TYPE_PING,
MSG_TYPE_PONG,
MSG_TYPE_FAIL,
// other message types...
} msgType;
/* Function to process received messages */
void processMessage(clusterNode *node, msgType type) {
switch (type) {
case MSG_TYPE_PING:
printf("Received PING from node %s\n", node->name);
// Send PONG response
break;
case MSG_TYPE_PONG:
printf("Received PONG from node %s\n", node->name);
// Update node status
break;
case MSG_TYPE_FAIL:
printf("Received FAIL for node %s\n", node->name);
// Mark node as failed
break;
default:
printf("Unknown message type\n");
break;
}
}
/* Example usage */
int main() {
clusterNode node = {"node1", "192.168.1.1", 6379};
// Simulate receiving a PING message
processMessage(&node, MSG_TYPE_PING);
// Simulate receiving a PONG message
processMessage(&node, MSG_TYPE_PONG);
// Simulate receiving a FAIL message
processMessage(&node, MSG_TYPE_FAIL);
return 0;
}
4. 故障检测
通过心跳检测和故障报告,节点可以检测到其他节点的故障,并采取相应的措施。
c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>
#define HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL 1000 // 1 second
typedef struct clusterNode {
char name[40]; /* Node ID */
char ip[16]; /* Node IP */
int port; /* Node Port */
time_t last_heartbeat; /* Last time a heartbeat was received */
int flags; /* Node flags: fail, etc. */
} clusterNode;
typedef struct cluster {
clusterNode nodes[MAX_NODES];
int node_count;
} cluster;
#define CLUSTER_NODE_FAIL 0x01
/* Function to send heartbeat message */
void sendHeartbeat(clusterNode *node) {
printf("Sending heartbeat to node %s\n", node->name);
// In a real implementation, here you would send a PING message over the network.
node->last_heartbeat = time(NULL);
}
/* Function to check for node failures based on heartbeat */
void checkHeartbeat(clusterNode *node) {
time_t now = time(NULL);
if (now - node->last_heartbeat > HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL) {
printf("Node %s is not responding\n", node->name);
// Mark node as failed
node->flags |= CLUSTER_NODE_FAIL;
}
}
/* Example usage */
int main() {
clusterNode node = {"node1", "192.168.1.1", 6379, time(NULL), 0};
// Periodically send heartbeat
sendHeartbeat(&node);
// Simulate a delay in heartbeat
node.last_heartbeat = time(NULL) - 2;
// Check heartbeat
checkHeartbeat(&node);
return 0;
}
5. 数据同步
节点之间的数据变化(如槽分配)需要同步到整个集群。这里我们模拟槽分配的同步。
c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define HASH_SLOTS 16384
typedef struct clusterNode {
char name[40]; /* Node ID */
char ip[16]; /* Node IP */
int port; /* Node Port */
int start_slot; /* Start hash slot */
int end_slot; /* End hash slot */
} clusterNode;
/* Function to synchronize slot information */
void syncSlotInfo(clusterNode *nodes, int node_count) {
for (int i = 0; i < node_count; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < node_count; j++) {
if (i != j) {
printf("Synchronizing slot info from node %s to node %s\n", nodes[i].name, nodes[j].name);
// In a real implementation, here you would send the slot information over the network.
}
}
}
}
/* Example usage */
int main() {
clusterNode nodes[2] = {
{"node1", "192.168.1.1", 6379, 0, 5460},
{"node2", "192.168.1.2", 6379, 5461, 10921}
};
syncSlotInfo(nodes, 2);
return 0;
}