RabbitMQ简单生产者和消费者实现

1.公共模块

pom引入依赖

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    <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
    </dependency>

新增RabbitMQConfig.java

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import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class RabbitMqConfig2 {
    /**
     * direct交换机名称
     */
    public static final String DIRECT_EXCHANGE = "directExchange";

    /**
     * direct队列名称
     */
    public static final String DIRECT_QUEUE = "directQueue";

    public static final String DIRECT_ROUTING_KEY = "directRoutingKey";
    /**
     * 定义一个direct交换机
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public DirectExchange directExchange(){
        return new DirectExchange(DIRECT_EXCHANGE);
    }

    /**
     * 定义一个direct队列
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public Queue directQueue(){
        return new Queue(DIRECT_QUEUE);
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding directBinding(){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(directQueue()).to(directExchange()).with(DIRECT_ROUTING_KEY);
    }


}

Queue有几个重载方法，其中几个参数：

durable：是否持久化，值为true时交换机或者队列会存到本地文件数据库，当mq重启数据不会丢失，false的话，重启或者断电，数据就没了。默认为true。
exclusive：是否独占，true的话只有一个消费者监听这个队列。默认为false。
autoDelete：是否自动删除，true当没有消费者的时候，自动删除。默认为false。

2、生产者Producer实现

pom引入共公模块。

application.yml配置

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server:
  port: 8081
spring:
  rabbitmq:
    host: 192.168.19.183
    port: 5672
    username: guest
    password: guest
    virtual-host: /

rabbitmq.host修改为自己的服务器ip
username和password修改为自己对应的账号密码。
virtual-host默认 /

定义接口RabbitMqService

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public interface RabbitMqService {

    public void sendMessage(String message);

}

实现类RabbitMqServiceImpl

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import com.example.config.RabbitMqConfig;
import com.example.service.RabbitMqService;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service("rabbitMqService")
public class RabbitMqServiceImpl implements RabbitMqService {

    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;

    /**
     * exchange 交换机名称
     * routingkey 路径key
     * @param message
     */
    @Override
    public void sendMessage(String message) {
        amqpTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMqConfig.DIRECT_EXCHANGE,RabbitMqConfig.DIRECT_ROUTING_KEY,message);
    }

   
}

启动类中测试投递消息

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@SpringBootApplication
public class ProducerMain {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext run = SpringApplication.run(ProducerMain.class);
        RabbitMqService rabbitMqService = (RabbitMqService)run.getBean("rabbitMqService");
        rabbitMqService.sendMessage("hello rabbitmq");
    }
}

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3、消费者Consumer实现

引入公共模块。

application.yml配置

rabbitmq的配置与生产者一致

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server:
  port: 8080
spring:
  rabbitmq:
    host: 192.168.19.183
    port: 5672
    username: guest
    password: guest
    virtual-host: /

定义接口RabbitMqService

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public interface RabbitMqService {
    
    public void receiveMessage();
}

实现类RabbitMqServiceImpl

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@Service("rabbitMqService")
public class RabbitMqServiceImpl implements RabbitMqService {

    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;

    @Override
    public void receiveMessage() {
        String msg = (String)amqpTemplate.receiveAndConvert(RabbitMqConfig.DIRECT_QUEUE);
        System.out.println("接受到的mq消息:"+msg);

    }
}

测试调用接口获取消息

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    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext run = SpringApplication.run(CustmoerMain.class);
        RabbitMqService rabbitMqService = (RabbitMqService)run.getBean("rabbitMqService");
        rabbitMqService.receiveMessage();
    }
}

运行消费者程序，输出结果：

使用监听方式：

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   @Override
    @RabbitListener(queues = {RabbitMqConfig.DIRECT_QUEUE})
    public void receiveMessage2(String message) {
        System.out.println("实时获取到的mq消息:"+message);
    }

生产者重新发消息，然后验证消费者是否能获取