完整的后端课程 | NodeJS、ExpressJS、JWT、Prisma、PostgreSQL

视频地址：Complete Backend Course | NodeJS, ExpressJS, JWT, Prisma, PostgreSQL

Github源代码地址：https://github.com/machadop1407/NodeJS-ExpressJS-BackendCourse

Complete Backend Course | NodeJS, ExpressJS, JWT, Prisma, PostgreSQL

Build a Complete Backend API with Authentication, Movie Management & Watchlist Features

Follow the full video tutorial on YouTube

📋 Table of Contents

Introduction
[Tech Stack](#Tech Stack)
Features
[Quick Start](#Quick Start)
[API Endpoints](#API Endpoints)
[Database Schema](#Database Schema)
Deployment
[Course & Channel](#Course & Channel)

🚀 Introduction

In this comprehensive backend course, you'll learn how to build a complete RESTful API from scratch using Node.js , Express.js, and modern backend development practices. This video walks you through building:

User Authentication System - Secure registration, login, and JWT-based authentication
Movie Management API - Full CRUD operations for movie data
Watchlist Feature - Personal watchlist with status tracking and ratings

Perfect for developers looking to master backend development, learn API design, implement authentication, work with databases using Prisma ORM, and build production-ready backend applications.

🎥 Watch the full tutorial : YouTube

⚙️ Tech Stack

Node.js -- JavaScript runtime for server-side development
Express.js -- Fast, minimalist web framework for Node.js
JWT (JSON Web Tokens) -- Secure authentication and authorization
Prisma -- Next-generation ORM for database management
PostgreSQL -- Powerful, open-source relational database
Zod -- TypeScript-first schema validation library
bcryptjs -- Password hashing for secure user authentication
dotenv -- Environment variable management

⚡️ Features

🔐 Authentication System

📝 User Registration - Secure user signup with email validation
🔑 User Login - JWT-based authentication with token generation
🚪 User Logout - Token invalidation and session management
🔒 Password Hashing - Secure password storage using bcryptjs
🛡️ Protected Routes - Middleware-based route protection

🎬 Movie Management

📋 CRUD Operations - Create, read, update, and delete movies
🎯 Movie Details - Store title, overview, release year, genres, runtime, and poster URLs
👤 User Association - Track which user created each movie
🔍 Query Support - Filter and search movie data

📺 Watchlist System

➕ Add to Watchlist - Save movies to personal watchlist
📊 Status Tracking - Track watch status (Planned, Watching, Completed, Dropped)
⭐ Rating System - Rate movies with optional notes
🗑️ Remove Items - Delete movies from watchlist
✏️ Update Items - Modify watchlist item status and ratings

🛠️ Additional Features

✅ Request Validation - Zod schema validation for all endpoints
🚨 Error Handling - Centralized error handling middleware
🔐 JWT Middleware - Automatic token verification for protected routes
🗄️ Database Migrations - Prisma migrations for schema management
🌱 Database Seeding - Seed script for initial data

👌 Quick Start

Prerequisites

Node.js (v18 or higher)
PostgreSQL (v14 or higher)
Git

⚠️ Upgrading This Project to Prisma ORM v7

Prisma ORM v7 introduces breaking changes that affect how this backend project works.

If you want to use Prisma v7 instead of v6 (used in the original tutorial), you must apply all changes below.

🔧 1. Install Prisma v7 Packages

bash 复制代码

npm install @prisma/client@7
npm install -D prisma@7
npm install @prisma/adapter-pg dotenv

🔧 2. Enable ESM in `package.json` (Required)

Prisma v7 is ESM-only.

json 复制代码

{
  "type": "module"
}

🔧 3. Update Your Prisma Schema

Replace the old generator:

prisma 复制代码

generator client {
  provider = "prisma-client-js"
  engineType = "binary"
}

With the new v7 version:

prisma 复制代码

generator client {
  provider = "prisma-client"
}

🔧 4. Create `prisma.config.ts` (Required in v7)

Create this file at the project root:

ts 复制代码

import 'dotenv/config'
import { defineConfig, env } from 'prisma/config'

export default defineConfig({
  schema: 'prisma/schema.prisma',
  migrations: {
    path: 'prisma/migrations',
    seed: 'tsx prisma/seed.ts',
  },
  datasource: {
    url: env('DATABASE_URL'),
  },
})

Prisma v7 no longer reads connection URLs from the schema.

🔧 5. Update Prisma Client Instantiation

Old (v4--v6):

js 复制代码

import { PrismaClient } from '@prisma/client';
export const prisma = new PrismaClient();

New (Prisma v7):

js 复制代码

import { PrismaClient } from './generated/prisma/client.js';
import { PrismaPg } from '@prisma/adapter-pg';

const adapter = new PrismaPg({
  connectionString: process.env.DATABASE_URL
});

export const prisma = new PrismaClient({ adapter });

This is required across your project wherever Prisma Client is created.

🔧 6. Load `.env` Manually

Prisma v7 does not automatically load .env.

Install dotenv:

bash 复制代码

npm install dotenv

Add to your entry file (e.g., server.js):

js 复制代码

import "dotenv/config";

🔧 7. Update Node.js Version

Requirement	Recommended
Node 20.19.0+	Node 22.x

Prisma v7 will not run on older Node versions.

🔧 8. Removed APIs You Might Be Using

❌ `prisma.$use()` middleware

→ Replace with client extensions:

js 复制代码

const prisma = new PrismaClient().$extends({
  query: {
    user: {
      async findMany({ args, query }) {
        return query(args);
      }
    }
  }
});

❌ Metrics API removed

If you used $metrics, it no longer exists.

✔️ Summary of Required Changes

Change	Required
Update dependencies	✅
ESM mode	✅
New Prisma generator	✅
Add driver adapter	✅
Create `prisma.config.ts`	✅
Load `.env` manually	✅
Update client instantiation	✅
Replace middleware (if used)	As needed
Update Node version	Yes

Installation

Clone the repository

bash 复制代码

git clone https://github.com/yourusername/backend-course.git
cd backend-course

Install dependencies

bash 复制代码

npm install

Set up environment variables

Create a .env file in the root directory:

env 复制代码

DATABASE_URL="postgresql://username:password@localhost:5432/database_name"
JWT_SECRET="your-super-secret-jwt-key"
PORT=5001

Set up the database

bash 复制代码

# Run Prisma migrations
npx prisma migrate dev

# (Optional) Seed the database with sample data
npm run seed:movies

Start the development server

bash 复制代码

npm run dev

The API will be available at: http://localhost:5001

🔌 API Endpoints

Authentication Routes

POST /auth/register - Register a new user
POST /auth/login - Login and receive JWT token
POST /auth/logout - Logout (invalidate token)

Movie Routes

GET /movies - Get all movies
POST /movies - Create a new movie
PUT /movies/:id - Update a movie
DELETE /movies/:id - Delete a movie

Watchlist Routes (Protected)

POST /watchlist - Add movie to watchlist
PUT /watchlist/:id - Update watchlist item
DELETE /watchlist/:id - Remove movie from watchlist

🗄️ Database Schema

User Model

id - Unique identifier (UUID)
name - User's full name
email - Unique email address
password - Hashed password
createdAt - Account creation timestamp

Movie Model

id - Unique identifier (UUID)
title - Movie title
overview - Movie description
releaseYear - Year of release
genres - Array of genre strings
runtime - Movie duration in minutes
posterUrl - URL to movie poster image
createdBy - User ID of creator
createdAt - Creation timestamp

WatchlistItem Model

id - Unique identifier (UUID)
userId - Reference to User
movieId - Reference to Movie
status - Watch status (PLANNED, WATCHING, COMPLETED, DROPPED)
rating - Optional rating (1-10)
notes - Optional personal notes
createdAt - Creation timestamp
updatedAt - Last update timestamp

☁️ Deployment

Deploy on Railway

Push your code to GitHub
Go to railway.app
Create a new project and import your repository
Add PostgreSQL service
Set environment variables:
- DATABASE_URL (automatically provided by Railway)
- JWT_SECRET (generate a secure random string)
- PORT (Railway will set this automatically)
Deploy your application

Your API will be live on a custom Railway subdomain!

Alternative Deployment Options

Render - Full-stack deployment with PostgreSQL
Heroku - Platform-as-a-service deployment
DigitalOcean App Platform - Simple app deployment
AWS - Enterprise-grade cloud hosting

🎓 Course & Channel

Learn More with Pedro Technologies

🌐 Course Website : www.webdevultra.com
📺 YouTube Channel : @pedrotechnologies

Follow along for more backend tutorials, full-stack development, and practical coding projects!

🔗 Useful Links

📝 License

This project is open source and available under the MIT License.

注意事项

运行后台程序

从Github仓库中下载源代码
先git clone https://github.com/machadop1407/NodeJS-ExpressJS-BackendCourse.git下载源代码

git clone https://github.com/machadop1407/NodeJS-ExpressJS-BackendCourse.git

可以看到对应的package.json文件如下所示：

javascript 复制代码

{
  "name": "backend-course",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "description": "",
  "main": "index.js",
  "scripts": {
    "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1",
    "dev": "nodemon src/server.js",
    "seed:movies": "node prisma/seed.js"
  },
  "keywords": [],
  "author": "",
  "license": "ISC",
  "type": "module",
  "dependencies": {
    "@prisma/client": "^6.19.0",
    "bcryptjs": "^3.0.3",
    "dotenv": "^17.2.3",
    "express": "^5.1.0",
    "jsonwebtoken": "^9.0.2",
    "zod": "^4.1.12"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "nodemon": "^3.1.11",
    "prisma": "^6.19.0"
  }
}

cd NodeJS-ExpressJS-BackendCourse 即进入到代码根目录，执行npm install安装相关依赖比如express、bcryptjs、dotenv、jsonwebtoken、zod、@prisma/client等
创建环境变量

在代码根目录首先创建一个.env的文件，内容如下：

env 复制代码

DATABASE_URL="postgresql://username:password@localhost:5432/database_name"
JWT_SECRET="your-super-secret-jwt-key"
PORT=5001

这里的数据库URL地址需要根据自己实际的用户名和密码，还有数据库名称进行对应配置

JWT密钥可以根据需要自行设置，端口号也可以自行更改

启动数据库

bash 复制代码

# Run Prisma migrations
npx prisma migrate dev

# (Optional) Seed the database with sample data
npm run seed:movies

启动开发环境

bash 复制代码

npm run dev

Http Server服务器运行地址：http://localhost:5001

完整的后端课程 | NodeJS、ExpressJS、JWT、Prisma、PostgreSQL