首先定义一个状态基类，里面有三个抽象方法，分别表示进入状态，退出状态，更新状态时需要执行的方法。
cs
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
public abstract class PlayerState
{
public abstract void Enter();
public abstract void Exit();
public abstract void Update();
}新建状态管理类，负责所有状态的切换和添加状态，当切换状态的时候判断有没有正在执行的状态，如果有的话就先退出正在执行的状态并切换成目标状态，这样就算后面有成百上千个状态都不会出现状态混乱的情况，玩家同一时刻只会执行一种状态。
cs
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
// 状态管理器
public class PlayerStateManager : MonoBehaviour
{
private Dictionary< System.Type, PlayerState> states;
public PlayerState currentState;
public PlayerStateManager Instance { get; private set; }
public Player currentPlayer;//获取角色引用
void Awake()
{
if (Instance == null)
{
Instance = this;
DontDestroyOnLoad(gameObject);
InitializeStates();
}
else
{
Destroy(gameObject);
}
}
//添加状态
void InitializeStates()
{
states = new Dictionary<System.Type, PlayerState>
{
{ typeof(IdleState), new IdleState(currentPlayer) },
{ typeof(PatrolState), new PatrolState(currentPlayer) },
{ typeof(FromworkState), new FromworkState(currentPlayer) }
};
}
//切换状态
public void ChangeState<T>() where T : PlayerState
{
var newStateType = typeof(T);
if (states.ContainsKey(newStateType))
{
currentState?.Exit();
currentState = states[newStateType];
currentState.Enter();
}
}
public T GetState<T>() where T : PlayerState
{
var stateType = typeof(T);
if (states.ContainsKey(stateType))
return (T)states[stateType];
return null;
}
}定义玩家类，玩家身上定义了所有玩家的状态，待机，巡逻，下班。但是玩家不负责直接切换他们，而是通知状态机来切换状态。
cs
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
public class Player : MonoBehaviour
{
public GameObject Point1;
public GameObject Point2;
Vector3 _targetPos;
bool _hasTarget = false;
[SerializeField]private PlayerStateManager _playerStateManager;
void Update()
{
//如果状态不为空刷新状态
if (_playerStateManager.currentState != null)
{
_playerStateManager.currentState.Update();
}
//控制状态切换
if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.A))
{
_playerStateManager.ChangeState<IdleState>();
}
if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.S))
{
_playerStateManager.ChangeState<PatrolState>();
}
if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.D))
{
_playerStateManager.ChangeState<FromworkState>();
}
}
//走到点位1
public IEnumerator MoveToPoint1(float speed)
{
// 避免空引用
if (Point1 == null)
yield break;
Vector3 targetPos = Point1.transform.position;
while (Vector3.Distance(transform.position, targetPos) > 0.01f)
{
transform.position = Vector3.MoveTowards(
transform.position,
targetPos,
speed * Time.deltaTime
);
yield return null; // 等下一帧
}
// 确保精确落点
transform.position = targetPos;
}
//待机
public void Idle()
{
// 绕Point1转圈
transform.RotateAround(Point1.transform.position, Vector3.forward, 30 * Time.deltaTime);
}
//巡逻
public void Patrol()
{
//随机点目标缓存
if (!_hasTarget)
{
_targetPos = new Vector3(
Random.Range(-5f, 5f),
Random.Range(-5f, 5f),
transform.position.z
);
_hasTarget = true;
}
transform.position = Vector3.MoveTowards(
transform.position,
_targetPos,
3f * Time.deltaTime
);
//走到了就刷新目标
if (Vector3.Distance(transform.position, _targetPos) < 0.2f)
_hasTarget = false;
}
//下班
public void Fromwork()
{
transform.position = Vector3.MoveTowards(
transform.position,
Point2.transform.position,
3f * Time.deltaTime
);
}
}定义具体的状态，待机，巡逻，下班。（待机的时候就在点1转圈，巡逻的时候就在场景中随机移动，下班的时候走到点2）（进入每个状态前都要先回到点1）。
cs
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
public class IdleState : PlayerState
{
Player player;
public IdleState(Player targetplayer)
{
player = targetplayer;
}
private Coroutine moveRoutine;
public override void Enter()
{
Debug.Log("进入待机状态");
moveRoutine = player.StartCoroutine(IdleProcess());
}
public override void Exit()
{
Debug.Log("退出待机状态");
if (moveRoutine!= null)
{
player.StopCoroutine(moveRoutine);
}
}
public override void Update()
{
}
private IEnumerator IdleProcess()
{
// 1. 先移动到 Point1
yield return player.MoveToPoint1(3f);
// 2. 到达后开始持续执行 Idle 动作
while (true)
{
player.Idle();
yield return null;
}
}
}
cs
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
public class PatrolState : PlayerState
{
Player player;
private Coroutine patrolRoutine;
public PatrolState(Player targetplayer)
{
player = targetplayer;
}
public override void Enter()
{
Debug.Log("进入巡逻状态");
patrolRoutine = player.StartCoroutine(PatrolProcess());
}
public override void Exit()
{
Debug.Log("退出巡逻状态");
if (patrolRoutine != null)
{
player.StopCoroutine(patrolRoutine);
}
}
public override void Update()
{
}
private IEnumerator PatrolProcess()
{
// 1. 先移动到 Point1
yield return player.MoveToPoint1(3f);
// 2. 循环执行巡逻动作
while (true)
{
player.Patrol();
yield return null;
}
}
}
cs
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
public class FromworkState : PlayerState
{
Player player;
private Coroutine fromworkRoutine;
public FromworkState(Player targetplayer)
{
player = targetplayer;
}
public override void Enter()
{
Debug.Log("进入下班状态");
fromworkRoutine = player.StartCoroutine(FromworkProcess());
}
public override void Exit()
{
Debug.Log("退出下班状态");
if (fromworkRoutine != null)
{
player.StopCoroutine(fromworkRoutine);
}
}
public override void Update()
{
}
private IEnumerator FromworkProcess()
{
// 1. 先移动到 Point1
yield return player.MoveToPoint1(3f);
// 2. 到达后执行下班动作循环
while (true)
{
player.Fromwork();
yield return null;
}
}
}场景引用，创建一个方块当做玩家，然后创建两个圆红色表示上班的位置，绿色表示下班的位置。将玩家脚本和状态机控制脚本添加到玩家身上，将对应的脚本和物体进行拖拽到对应位置。
巡行项目然后按下A就会发现玩家移动到了红色的点并开始旋转。（按下S进入巡逻，按下D进入下班转态）。
