Springboot基础教程(8)--Shiro

Shiro简介

什么是Shiro

Apache Shiro 是一个Java 的安全(权限)框架。
Shiro 可以非常容易的开发出足够好的应用，其不仅可以用在JavaSE环境，也可以用在JavaEE环境。
Shiro可以完成，认证，授权，加密，会话管理，Web集成，缓存等。
下载地址:https://shiro.apache.org

Shiro有哪些功能

Authentication:身份认证、登录，验证用户是不是拥有相应的身份;
Authorization:授权，即权限验证，验证某个已认证的用户是否拥有某个权限，即判断用户能否进行什么操作，如:验证某个用户是否拥有某个角色，或者细粒度的验证某个用户对某个资源是否具有某个权限!
Session Management:会话管理，即用户登录后就是第一次会话，在没有退出之前，它的所有信息都在会话中;会话可以是普通的JavaSE环境，也可以是Web环境;
Cryptography:加密，保护数据的安全性，如密码加密存储到数据库中，而不是明文存储;
Web Support:Web支持，可以非常容易的集成到Web环境;
Caching:缓存，比如用户登录后，其用户信息，拥有的角色、权限不必每次去查，这样可以提高效率
Concurrency:并发，shiro支持多线程应用的并发验证，即，如在一个线程中开启另一个线程，能把权限自动的传播过去
Testing:提供测试支持;
Run As:允许一个用户假装为另一个用户(如果他们允许)的身份进行访问;
Remember Me:记住我，这个是非常常见的功能，即一次登录后，下次再来的话不用登录了

Shiro架构（外部）

从外部来看Shiro，即从应用程序角度来观察如何使用Shiro完成工作：

Subject:应用代码直接交互的对象是Subject，也就是说Shiro的对外API核心就是Subject，Subject代表了当前的用户，这个用户不一定是一个具体的人，与当前应用交互的任何东西都是subiect，如网络爬虫，机器人等，与Subject的所有交互都会委托给SecurityManager;Subject其实是一个门面，SecurityManageer 才是实际的执行者
SecurityManager:安全管理器，即所有与安全有关的操作都会与SercurityManager交互，并且它管理着所有的Subject，可以看出它是Shiro的核心，它负责与Shiro的其他组件进行交互，它相当于SpringMVC的Dispatcherservlet的角色
Realm:Shiro从Realm获取安全数据(如用户，角色，权限)，就是说SecurityManager 要验证用户身份那么它需要从Realm 获取相应的用户进行比较，来确定用户的身份是否合法;也需要从Realm得到用户相应的角色、权限，进行验证用户的操作是否能够进行，可以把Realm看成DataSource;

Shiro架构（内部）

Subject:任何可以与应用交互的"用户";
Security Manager:相当于SpringMVC中的Dispatcherservlet;是Shiro的心脏，所有具体的交互都通过Security Manager进行控制，它管理者所有的Subject，且负责进行认证，授权，会话，及缓存的管理。
Authenticator:负责subject认证，是一个扩展点，可以自定义实现;可以使用认证策略(AuthenticationStrategy)，即什么情况下算用户认证通过了;
Authorizer:授权器，即访问控制器，用来决定主体是否有权限进行相应的操作:即控制着用户能访问应用中的那些功能;
Realm:可以有一个或者多个的realm，可以认为是安全实体数据源，即用于获取安全实体的，可以用JDBC实现，也可以是内存实现等等，由用户提供;所以一般在应用中都需要实现自己的realm
SessionManager:管理Session生命周期的组件，而Shiro并不仅仅可以用在Web环境，也可以用在普通的JavaSE环境中
CacheManager:缓存控制器，来管理如用户，角色，权限等缓存的;因为这些数据基本上很少改变，放到缓存中后可以提高访问的性能;
Cryptography:密码模块，Shiro 提高了一些常见的加密组件用于密码加密，解密等

HelloWorld

快速实践

查看官方文档：https://shiro.apache.org/10-minute-tutorial.html

官方的quickstart：https://github.com/apache/shiro/blob/1.4.x/samples/quickstart

创建一个maven父工程，用于学习Shiro，删掉不必要的东西
创建一个普通的Maven子工程:shiro-01-helloworld
根据官方文档，我们来导入Shiro的依赖

xml 复制代码

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.shiro/shiro-core -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
    <artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId>
    <version>1.4.1</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
    <version>1.7.21</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
    <version>1.7.21</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>log4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>

编写log4j的配置文件log4j.properties

properties 复制代码

log4j.rootLogger=INFO, stdout

log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p 【%c】 - %m %n

# General Apache libraries
log4j.logger.org.apache=WARN

# Spring
log4j.logger.org.springframework=WARN

# Default Shiro logging
log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro=INFO

# Disable verbose logging
log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.util.ThreadContext=WARN
log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.cache.ehcache.EhCache=WARN

配置文件shiro.ini

ini 复制代码

[users]
# user 'root' with password 'secret' and the 'admin' role
root = secret, admin
# user 'guest' with the password 'guest' and the 'guest' role
guest = guest, guest
# user 'presidentskroob' with password '12345' ("That's the same combination on
# my luggage!!!" ;)), and role 'president'
presidentskroob = 12345, president
# user 'darkhelmet' with password 'ludicrousspeed' and roles 'darklord' and 'schwartz'
darkhelmet = ludicrousspeed, darklord, schwartz
# user 'lonestarr' with password 'vespa' and roles 'goodguy' and 'schwartz'
lonestarr = vespa, goodguy, schwartz

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Roles with assigned permissions
#
# Each line conforms to the format defined in the
# org.apache.shiro.realm.text.TextConfigurationRealm#setRoleDefinitions JavaDoc
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[roles]
# 'admin' role has all permissions, indicated by the wildcard '*'
admin = *
# The 'schwartz' role can do anything (*) with any lightsaber:
schwartz = lightsaber:*
# The 'goodguy' role is allowed to 'drive' (action) the winnebago (type) with
# license plate 'eagle5' (instance specific id)
goodguy = winnebago:drive:eagle5

复制官方Quickstart.java文件

java 复制代码

/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 */

import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.config.IniSecurityManagerFactory;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.apache.shiro.util.Factory;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;


/**
 * Simple Quickstart application showing how to use Shiro's API.
 *
 * @since 0.9 RC2
 */
public class Quickstart {

    private static final transient Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Quickstart.class);


    public static void main(String[] args) {

        // The easiest way to create a Shiro SecurityManager with configured
        // realms, users, roles and permissions is to use the simple INI config.
        // We'll do that by using a factory that can ingest a .ini file and
        // return a SecurityManager instance:

        // Use the shiro.ini file at the root of the classpath
        // (file: and url: prefixes load from files and urls respectively):
        Factory<SecurityManager> factory = new IniSecurityManagerFactory("classpath:shiro.ini");
        SecurityManager securityManager = factory.getInstance();

        // for this simple example quickstart, make the SecurityManager
        // accessible as a JVM singleton.  Most applications wouldn't do this
        // and instead rely on their container configuration or web.xml for
        // webapps.  That is outside the scope of this simple quickstart, so
        // we'll just do the bare minimum so you can continue to get a feel
        // for things.
        SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);

        // Now that a simple Shiro environment is set up, let's see what you can do:

        // get the currently executing user:
        Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();

        // Do some stuff with a Session (no need for a web or EJB container!!!)
        Session session = currentUser.getSession();
        session.setAttribute("someKey", "aValue");
        String value = (String) session.getAttribute("someKey");
        if (value.equals("aValue")) {
            log.info("Retrieved the correct value! [" + value + "]");
        }

        // let's login the current user so we can check against roles and permissions:
        if (!currentUser.isAuthenticated()) {
            UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("lonestarr", "vespa");
            token.setRememberMe(true);
            try {
                currentUser.login(token);
            } catch (UnknownAccountException uae) {
                log.info("There is no user with username of " + token.getPrincipal());
            } catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {
                log.info("Password for account " + token.getPrincipal() + " was incorrect!");
            } catch (LockedAccountException lae) {
                log.info("The account for username " + token.getPrincipal() + " is locked.  " +
                        "Please contact your administrator to unlock it.");
            }
            // ... catch more exceptions here (maybe custom ones specific to your application?
            catch (AuthenticationException ae) {
                //unexpected condition?  error?
            }
        }

        //say who they are:
        //print their identifying principal (in this case, a username):
        log.info("User [" + currentUser.getPrincipal() + "] logged in successfully.");

        //test a role:
        if (currentUser.hasRole("schwartz")) {
            log.info("May the Schwartz be with you!");
        } else {
            log.info("Hello, mere mortal.");
        }

        //test a typed permission (not instance-level)
        if (currentUser.isPermitted("lightsaber:wield")) {
            log.info("You may use a lightsaber ring.  Use it wisely.");
        } else {
            log.info("Sorry, lightsaber rings are for schwartz masters only.");
        }

        //a (very powerful) Instance Level permission:
        if (currentUser.isPermitted("winnebago:drive:eagle5")) {
            log.info("You are permitted to 'drive' the winnebago with license plate (id) 'eagle5'.  " +
                    "Here are the keys - have fun!");
        } else {
            log.info("Sorry, you aren't allowed to drive the 'eagle5' winnebago!");
        }

        //all done - log out!
        currentUser.logout();

        System.exit(0);
    }
}

启动测试，有日志输出即可。

带有中文注释版本的Quickstart

java 复制代码

public class Quickstart {

    private static final transient Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Quickstart.class);


    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Factory<SecurityManager> factory = new IniSecurityManagerFactory("classpath:shiro.ini");
        SecurityManager securityManager = factory.getInstance();
        SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);

        // 获取当前的用户对象：Subject
        Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();

        // 通过当前用户拿到Session
        Session session = currentUser.getSession();
        session.setAttribute("someKey", "aValue");
        String value = (String) session.getAttribute("someKey");
        if (value.equals("aValue")) {
            log.info("Subject=>session [" + value + "]");
        }

        // 判断当前用户是否被认证
        if (!currentUser.isAuthenticated()) {
            // Token：令牌
            UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("lonestarr", "vespa");
            token.setRememberMe(true);// 设置记住我
            try {
                currentUser.login(token);// 执行登录操作
            } catch (UnknownAccountException uae) {
                log.info("There is no user with username of " + token.getPrincipal());
            } catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {
                log.info("Password for account " + token.getPrincipal() + " was incorrect!");
            } catch (LockedAccountException lae) {
                log.info("The account for username " + token.getPrincipal() + " is locked.  " +
                        "Please contact your administrator to unlock it.");
            }
            // ... catch more exceptions here (maybe custom ones specific to your application?
            catch (AuthenticationException ae) {
                //unexpected condition?  error?
            }
        }

        //say who they are:
        //print their identifying principal (in this case, a username):
        log.info("User [" + currentUser.getPrincipal() + "] logged in successfully.");

        //test a role:
        if (currentUser.hasRole("schwartz")) {
            log.info("May the Schwartz be with you!");
        } else {
            log.info("Hello, mere mortal.");
        }

        //粗粒度
        //test a typed permission (not instance-level)
        if (currentUser.isPermitted("lightsaber:wield")) {
            log.info("You may use a lightsaber ring.  Use it wisely.");
        } else {
            log.info("Sorry, lightsaber rings are for schwartz masters only.");
        }

        //细粒度
        //a (very powerful) Instance Level permission:
        if (currentUser.isPermitted("winnebago:drive:eagle5")) {
            log.info("You are permitted to 'drive' the winnebago with license plate (id) 'eagle5'.  " +
                    "Here are the keys - have fun!");
        } else {
            log.info("Sorry, you aren't allowed to drive the 'eagle5' winnebago!");
        }

        //注销
        //all done - log out!
        currentUser.logout();

        //结束
        System.exit(0);
    }
}

Springboot整合Shiro

项目搭建

导入正确的Maven依赖：

xml 复制代码

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>

<!--Shiro整合Spring的包-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
    <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
    <version>1.4.1</version>
</dependency>

编写前端页面：

/user/update.html

html 复制代码

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>update</h1>

</body>
</html>

/user/add.html

html 复制代码

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>add</h1>

</body>
</html>

index.html

html 复制代码

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>首页</h1>
<p th:text="${msg}"></p>
<hr>

<a th:href="@{/user/add}">add</a> | <a th:href="@{/user/update}">update</a>

</body>
</html>

编写MyController.java

java 复制代码

@Controller
public class MyController {

    @RequestMapping({"/","/index"})
    public String toIndex(Model model){
        model.addAttribute("msg","Hello World");
        return "index";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/user/add")
    public String add(){
        return "user/add";
    }


    @RequestMapping("/user/update")
    public String update(){
        return "user/update";
    }



}

配置Shiro

自定义Realm

java 复制代码

package com.lingbo.config;

import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;

//自定义的 realm
public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
    //授权
    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
        System.out.println("执行了=>授权doGetAuthorizationInfo");
        return null;
    }

    //认证
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        System.out.println("执行了=>认证doGetAuthenticationInfo");
        return null;
    }

}

Realm 是 Shiro 的"安全数据源 "------"谁可以登录、登录后能干啥"这两件事，Shiro 自己不保存，全权委托给 Realm 去查。

主要工作为：

认证（doGetAuthenticationInfo）→ 把用户传来的账号/密码和数据库（或任何数据源）比对，比对成功就返回一个 AuthenticationInfo，Shiro 自动做密码校验。
授权（doGetAuthorizationInfo）→ 登录成功后，Shiro 把用户身份再传给你，让你把该用户的角色、权限字符串查出来并包成 AuthorizationInfo，后面 @RequiresRoles、@RequiresPermissions 都靠这里返回的数据。

配置ShiroConfig

java 复制代码

package com.lingbo.config;

import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {

    //ShiroFilterFactoryBean
    @Bean
    public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("securityManager") DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager) {
        ShiroFilterFactoryBean bean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
        //设置安全管理器
        bean.setSecurityManager(defaultWebSecurityManager);
        return bean;
    }

    //DefaultWebSecurityManager
    @Bean(name = "securityManager")
    public DefaultWebSecurityManager getDefaultWebSecurityManager(@Qualifier("userRealm") UserRealm userRealm) {
        DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
        // 关联UserRealm
        securityManager.setRealm(userRealm);
        return securityManager;
    }

    //创建 realm 对象，需要自定义类:1
    @Bean
    public UserRealm userRealm() {
        return new UserRealm();
    }
}

ShiroConfig 就是 "告诉 Spring 如何把 Shiro 的各个核心组件装配起来" 的一个普通 Java 配置类。

它只做 3 件事，却缺一不可：

把 自定义 Realm （你的 UserRealm）注册成 Spring Bean → 让 Spring 能注入给 SecurityManager。
把 SecurityManager （DefaultWebSecurityManager）注册成 Spring Bean，并把自己刚创建的 Realm 设进去 → 这是 Shiro 的总闸门。
把 ShiroFilterFactoryBean 注册成 Spring Bean，并指向上面的 SecurityManager → 这样 Spring Boot 启动时会自动把它包装成 Filter 并注册到 Servlet 容器，所有请求都会被 Shiro 拦截。

Shiro实现登录拦截

java 复制代码

//ShiroFilterFactoryBean
@Bean
public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("securityManager") DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager) {
    ShiroFilterFactoryBean bean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
    //设置安全管理器
    bean.setSecurityManager(defaultWebSecurityManager);

    //添加Shiro的内置过滤器
    /*
        anon: 无需认证即可访问
        authc: 必须认证了才能访问
        user: 必须拥有 记住我 功能才能用
        perms: 拥有对某个资源的权限才能访问
        role: 拥有某个角色权限才能访问
     */
    //拦截
    Map<String, String> filterMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();

    //filterMap.put("/user/add", "authc");
    //filterMap.put("/user/update", "anon");

    filterMap.put("/user/*", "authc");

    bean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);

    bean.setLoginUrl("/toLogin");

    return bean;
}

其中的LinkedHashMap 按插入顺序匹配，先放宽松规则，再放严格规则 。

典型错误示范：

java 复制代码

filterMap.put("/**", "authc");   // 1. 所有请求都要登录
filterMap.put("/login", "anon"); // 2. 登录页放行 ------ 永远不会执行到！

正确写法：

java 复制代码

filterMap.put("/login", "anon"); //登录页放行
filterMap.put("/static/**", "anon");//静态资源放行
filterMap.put("/**", "authc");//其他页面都要求登录

Shiro实现用户认证

在MyController中封装前端传来的用户名和密码为userToken

java 复制代码

@RequestMapping("/login")
public String login(String username, String password,Model model){
    //获取当前用户
    Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();

    //封装用户的登录数据
    UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(username, password);
    try {
        subject.login(token);//执行登录方法，如果没有异常，就说明OK了
        return "index";
    } catch (UnknownAccountException uae) {//用户名不存在
        model.addAttribute("msg","用户名错误");
        return "login";
    } catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {//密码错误
        model.addAttribute("msg","密码错误");
        return "login";
    }

}

subject.login(token) 的整个实现路线就是：

java 复制代码

subject.login(token)
  → SecurityManager.login(this, token)
    → Authenticator.authenticate(token)
      → 遍历所有 Realm，调用 realm.getAuthenticationInfo(token)
        → 最终进到自己写的 UserRealm.doGetAuthenticationInfo(...)

在UserRealm中编写认证代码

java 复制代码

//认证
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
    System.out.println("执行了=>认证doGetAuthenticationInfo");

    //用户名，密码 数据中取
    String name = "root";
    String password = "123456";

    UsernamePasswordToken userToken = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken;
    if (!name.equals(userToken.getUsername())) {
        return null;    //抛出UnknownAccountException异常
    }

    //密码认证，Shiro做
    return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("", password, "");
}

前端login.html

html 复制代码

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>登录</h1>

<hr>
<p th:text="${msg}" style="color: red;"></p>
<form th:action="@{/login}" method="post">
    <p>用户名：<input type="text" name="username"></p>
    <p>密码：<input type="text" name="password"></p>
    <p><input type="submit"></p>
</form>

</body>
</html>

Shiro整合Mybatis

导入数据库需要的相关依赖：

xml 复制代码

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
    <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    <version>1.18.36</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>log4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
    <version>1.1.24</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <version>2.1.3</version>
</dependency>

配置数据源文件：

yaml 复制代码

spring:
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    username: root
    password: 123456
    # 假如时区报错，就增加一个时区的配置
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
    # 自定义数据源
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource


    #Spring Boot 默认是不注入这些属性值的，需要自己绑定
    #druid 数据源专有配置
    initialSize: 5
    minIdle: 5    
    maxActive: 20
    maxWait: 60000
    timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000
    minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000
    validationQuery: SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
    testWhileIdle: true
    testOnBorrow: false
    testOnReturn: false
    poolPreparedStatements: true
    #配置监控统计拦截的filters，stat:监控统计、log4j：日志记录、wall：防御sql注入
    #如果允许时报错  java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.log4j.Priority
    #则导入 log4j 依赖即可，Maven 地址：https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/log4j/log4j
    filters: stat,wall,log4j
    maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize: 20
    useGlobalDataSourceStat: true
    connectionProperties: druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=500

配置Mybatis：

properties 复制代码

mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.lingbo.pojo
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:mapper/*.xml

编写User实体类：

java 复制代码

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User {

    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private String pwd;

}

编写Dao层Mapper接口和xml文件：

java 复制代码

@Repository
@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {

    public User queryUserByName(String name);

}

xml 复制代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.lingbo.mapper.UserMapper">
    <select id="queryUserByName" resultType="User" parameterType="String">
        select *
        from mybatis.user
        where name = #{name};
    </select>

</mapper>

编写Service接口和实现类

java 复制代码

public interface UserService {
    public User queryUserByName(String name);
}

java 复制代码

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    @Autowired
    UserMapper userMapper;

    @Override
    public User queryUserByName(String name) {
        User user = userMapper.queryUserByName(name);
        return user;
    }
}

在UserRealm中连接数据库

java 复制代码

//自定义的 realm
public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {

    @Autowired
    UserService userService;

    //授权
    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
        System.out.println("执行了=>授权doGetAuthorizationInfo");
        return null;
    }

    //认证
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        System.out.println("执行了=>认证doGetAuthenticationInfo");

        //用户名，密码 数据中取
        //String name = "root";
        //String password = "123456";

        UsernamePasswordToken userToken = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken;

        //连接真实数据库
        User user = userService.queryUserByName(userToken.getUsername());
        if (user==null) {//没有这个人
            return null;
        }

        //密码认证，Shiro做
        return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("", user.getPwd(), "");
    }

}

Shiro实现请求授权

为数据库中的user表和User实体类新增字段：perm

java 复制代码

//ShiroFilterFactoryBean
@Bean
public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("securityManager") DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager) {
    ShiroFilterFactoryBean bean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
    //设置安全管理器
    bean.setSecurityManager(defaultWebSecurityManager);

    //添加Shiro的内置过滤器
    /*
        anon: 无需认证即可访问
        authc: 必须认证了才能访问
        user: 必须拥有 记住我 功能才能用
        perms: 拥有对某个资源的权限才能访问
        role: 拥有某个角色权限才能访问
     */
    //拦截
    Map<String, String> filterMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();

    //正常情况下，未授权会跳转到未授权页面
    filterMap.put("/user/add","perms[user:add]");
    filterMap.put("/user/update","perms[user:update]");
    filterMap.put("/user/*", "authc");

    bean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);

    bean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/noauth");

    bean.setLoginUrl("/toLogin");

    return bean;
}

过滤器中增加对add和update权限的控制。

java 复制代码

    //授权
    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
        System.out.println("执行了=>授权doGetAuthorizationInfo");

        SimpleAuthorizationInfo authorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();

        //拿到当前登录的对象
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        User currentUser = (User) subject.getPrincipal();

        //设置当前用户的权限
        //若user在数据库中字段perm的值为user:add则增加访问add页面权限
        //authorizationInfo.addStringPermission("user:add");

        authorizationInfo.addStringPermission(currentUser.getPerm());

        return authorizationInfo;
    }

    //认证
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        System.out.println("执行了=>认证doGetAuthenticationInfo");


        UsernamePasswordToken userToken = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken;
        //连接真实数据库
        User user = userService.queryUserByName(userToken.getUsername());
        if (user==null) {//没有这个人
            return null;
        }

        //密码认证，Shiro做
        //将当前用户信息存入Subject对象中
        return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user, user.getPwd(), "");
    }