一行命令安装
bash
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/python/3.12.7/Python-3.12.7.tgz;tar -xf Python-3.12.7.tgz;cd Python-3.12.7;mkdir -p /usr/local/python3.12;./configure --enable-optimizations --prefix=/usr/local/python3.12;make -j $(nproc);sudo make altinstall;/usr/local/python3.12/bin/python3.12 --version;sudo ln -s /usr/local/python3.12/bin/python3.12 /usr/bin/python3.12;sudo ln -s /usr/local/python3.12/bin/pip3.12 /usr/bin/pip3.12;python3.12 --version;pip3.12 --version;
分步解释
下载安装包
bash
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/python/3.12.7/Python-3.12.7.tgz
解压进入安装目录
bash
tar -xf Python-3.12.7.tgz
cd Python-3.12.7
创建安装目录
bash
mkdir -p /usr/local/python3.12
编译安装
bash
# 配置编译
./configure --enable-optimizations --prefix=/usr/local/python3.12
# 编译
make -j $(nproc)
# 安装(altinstall 避免替换系统默认 python/python3 软链接)
sudo make altinstall
验证安装是否成功
bash
# 检查 Python 3.12 版本
/usr/local/python3.12/bin/python3.12 --version
# 输出:Python 3.12.7 即为成功
创建软链接(相当于添加环境变量)
bash
# 创建软链接(可选,方便终端直接用 python3.12)
sudo ln -s /usr/local/python3.12/bin/python3.12 /usr/bin/python3.12
sudo ln -s /usr/local/python3.12/bin/pip3.12 /usr/bin/pip3.12
验证全部完成
bash
python3.12 --version
pip3.12 --version