Android中对于点击事件的深度梳理（二）

LinearLayout 单 Button 点击事件分发

从分析最简单的activity布局开始，假设我们的页面只有一个线性布局和一个按钮。

XML 复制代码

//layout_activity.xml
<LinearLayout
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="match_parent"
 android:gravity="center">
 <TextView
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="单击事件" />
</LinearLayout>

从 DecorView 到 LinearLayout

上篇文章可知，点击事件到了decorView从而触发了viewgroup的dispatch事件。

那么decoreview是什么，和我们的xml布局有什么关系呢

Android 中 Activity 的视图呈现遵循固定的三层嵌套层级，

DecorView（Framlayout)

├─ 标题栏 / ActionBar 容器

└─ 内容容器(Framlayout)「com.android.internal.R.id.content」　　

└─ 开发者布局「setContentView 加载」

由此可见，xml中的LinearLayout实际上是DecoreView的子view的子View.

Button 的点击事件触发流程

第一个动作是ACTION_DOWN,从DecorView层的ViewGroup开始分发。跟踪源码看下

先看第一部分

java 复制代码

//ViewGroup.java



public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {//当前例子中首先到达的ev.action为DOWN

/第一步：****判断点击事件有效性 可略过*****/
//这一部分判断我们使用的机器版本，除非是aosp开发人员指定机器编译选项，这里默认都是null
        if (mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
            mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onTouchEvent(ev, 1);
        }


//这里检测是否开启了无障碍服务（就是平常手机设置里面的无障碍），我们按照正常情况，即不开启，不会进入这个if
        // If the event targets the accessibility focused view and this is it, start
        // normal event dispatch. Maybe a descendant is what will handle the click.
        if (ev.isTargetAccessibilityFocus() && isAccessibilityFocusedViewOrHost()) {
            ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
        }

/****判断点击事件有效性 *****/

        /***第二步****/
        boolean handled = false;
        
        if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(ev)) {//判断点击事件和view是否正常，通常为true
            final int action = ev.getAction();
            final int actionMasked = action & MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK;

            // Handle an initial down.
            if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
                // Throw away all previous state when starting a new touch gesture.
                // The framework may have dropped the up or cancel event for the previous gesture
                // due to an app switch, ANR, or some other state change.
                cancelAndClearTouchTargets(ev);//清空上一个点击事件维系的点击链表
                resetTouchState();//暗藏乾坤的方法，对后面影响极大
            }





            /*****第三步******/

            // Check for interception.
            final boolean intercepted;
            if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
                    || mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
                final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;
                if (!disallowIntercept) {//根据这个属性来判断是否直接将intercept设置为false
                    intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
                    ev.setAction(action); // restore action in case it was changed
                } else {
                    intercepted = false;
                }
            } else {
                // There are no touch targets and this action is not an initial down
                // so this view group continues to intercept touches.
                intercepted = true;
            }

到这里，可以分为三步

检查这个点击事件的正常性;
如果是down事件，做一些预处理。在这里resetTouchState还蛮关键，后面说。
确定当前viewgroup（这个例子中，依然是我们的decoreview）是否拦截该事件。

在第3步中，我们可以看到确定是否拦截的一个条件是disallowIntercept，代码中的逻辑如下

disallowIntercept

├─ false ===> intercept：onInterceptTouchEvent

└─true ===> intercept：false

再来看disallowIntercept的取值：

复制代码

final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0; 

其中
mGroupFlag默认为0。FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT = 0x80000不变

看上去disallowIntercept会永远为true

这里呢，就是第二步的resetTouchState的方法的调控作用了

java 复制代码

   /**
     * Resets all touch state in preparation for a new cycle.
     */
    private void resetTouchState() {
        clearTouchTargets();
        resetCancelNextUpFlag(this);
        mGroupFlags &= ~FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT;//这一句的代码很重要，表示mGroupFlags中的这个FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT所在的标志位改为0
        mNestedScrollAxes = SCROLL_AXIS_NONE;
    }

在对mGroupFlags进行值改变后，

final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;

disallowIntercept的值就会为false了。因为mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT的值必为0（这一部分不懂的话可以看「位掩码」相关的知识）。

回归上面的第三步中的intercept的取值，可见，接收了ACTION_DOWN事件的ViewGroup，其intercept的取值必然是onIntercept的返回。

java 复制代码

/***
* 除非是特定情况的鼠标点击事件，否则默认返回false
***/
public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
    if (ev.isFromSource(InputDevice.SOURCE_MOUSE)
            && ev.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
            && ev.isButtonPressed(MotionEvent.BUTTON_PRIMARY)
            && isOnScrollbarThumb(ev.getX(), ev.getY())) {
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}

前三步看完，接着往下看：

这里又分了三步，承接前面的三步，这里概括为第四、第五、第六步。

java 复制代码

            // If intercepted, start normal event dispatch. Also if there is already
            // a view that is handling the gesture, do normal event dispatch.
/*****第四步(不用细看）******/            
/****设置是否无障碍服务***** 此处不进入该if*****/
            if (intercepted || mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
                ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
            }

            // Check for cancelation./**检测动作是否被取消 结果为false****/
            final boolean canceled = resetCancelNextUpFlag(this)
                    || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL;

            /**检测动作是否来自鼠标点击 结果为false****/            
            // Update list of touch targets for pointer down, if needed.
            final boolean isMouseEvent = ev.getSource() ==InputDevice.SOURCE_MOUSE;    
            /**检测是否为可分发给多个子view. 默认为false****/       
            final boolean split = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_SPLIT_MOTION_EVENTS) != 0
                    && !isMouseEvent;
/*****第五步*******/
            TouchTarget newTouchTarget = null;
            boolean alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = false;
            if (!canceled && !intercepted) {//条件符合，进入）
                // If the event is targeting accessibility focus we give it to the
                // view that has accessibility focus and if it does not handle it
                // we clear the flag and dispatch the event to all children as usual.
                // We are looking up the accessibility focused host to avoid keeping
                // state since these events are very rare.
                View childWithAccessibilityFocus = ev.isTargetAccessibilityFocus()
                        ? findChildWithAccessibilityFocus() : null;

                if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
                        || (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN)
                        || actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {//条件符合
                    final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex(); // always 0 for down
                    final int idBitsToAssign = split ? 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex)
                            : TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS;

                    // Clean up earlier touch targets for this pointer id in case they
                    // have become out of sync.
                    removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToAssign);

                    final int childrenCount = mChildrenCount;
                    if (newTouchTarget == null && childrenCount != 0) {
                        final float x =
                                isMouseEvent ? ev.getXCursorPosition() : ev.getX(actionIndex);
                        final float y =
                                isMouseEvent ? ev.getYCursorPosition() : ev.getY(actionIndex);
                        // Find a child that can receive the event.
                        // Scan children from front to back.
                        final ArrayList<View> preorderedList = buildTouchDispatchChildList();
                        final boolean customOrder = preorderedList == null
                                && isChildrenDrawingOrderEnabled();
                        final View[] children = mChildren;
                        for (int i = childrenCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                            final int childIndex = getAndVerifyPreorderedIndex(
                                    childrenCount, i, customOrder);
                            final View child = getAndVerifyPreorderedView(
                                    preorderedList, children, childIndex);
                            if (!child.canReceivePointerEvents()
                                    || !isTransformedTouchPointInView(x, y, child, null)) {
                                continue;
                            }

                            newTouchTarget = getTouchTarget(child);
                            if (newTouchTarget != null) {
                                // Child is already receiving touch within its bounds.
                                // Give it the new pointer in addition to the ones it is handling.
                                newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
                                break;
                            }

                            resetCancelNextUpFlag(child);
                            /*******第六步******/
                            if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, false, child, idBitsToAssign)) {
                                // Child wants to receive touch within its bounds.
                                mLastTouchDownTime = ev.getDownTime();
                                if (preorderedList != null) {
                                    // childIndex points into presorted list, find original index
                                    for (int j = 0; j < childrenCount; j++) {
                                        if (children[childIndex] == mChildren[j]) {
                                            mLastTouchDownIndex = j;
                                            break;
                                        }
                                    }
                                } else {
                                    mLastTouchDownIndex = childIndex;
                                }
                                mLastTouchDownX = ev.getX();
                                mLastTouchDownY = ev.getY();
                                newTouchTarget = addTouchTarget(child, idBitsToAssign);
                                alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = true;
                                break;
                            }

                            // The accessibility focus didn't handle the event, so clear
                            // the flag and do a normal dispatch to all children.
                            ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
                        }
                        if (preorderedList != null) preorderedList.clear();
                    }

                    if (newTouchTarget == null && mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
                        // Did not find a child to receive the event.
                        // Assign the pointer to the least recently added target.
                        newTouchTarget = mFirstTouchTarget;
                        while (newTouchTarget.next != null) {
                            newTouchTarget = newTouchTarget.next;
                        }
                        newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
                    }
                }
            }

先来总结下这三步的意思：

第四步：对触摸动作的属性检查，是否无障碍，是否鼠标，是否多子View接收（不用管）
第五步：这一步主要是查找承接当前点击事件的view, ViewGroup本身或者它的子View(不会蔓延到孙子辈）
第六步：根据第五步找到的承接view,去执行它的点击事件的分发流程。

从第五步开始看：

这里可以简化为三小步：

1.拿到用户点击的坐标

复制代码

final float x =
        isMouseEvent ? ev.getXCursorPosition() : ev.getX(actionIndex);
final float y =
        isMouseEvent ? ev.getYCursorPosition() : ev.getY(actionIndex);

2.获取当前viewgroup的所有子view并排序

复制代码

final ArrayList<View> preorderedList = buildTouchDispatchChildList();//这里除非是自定义的viewGroup里面对特定的子View指定了顺序，返回的就是viewgroup的子View.[0]是xml里面第一个子view，[1]是第二个，依次轮推

3.对所有的子view从前到后排，这里的前和后是视觉效果上的前后。也就是说如果没有指定Z，都是在xml里面的从后到前排。

复制代码

for (int i = childrenCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {//这里注意，是倒序排，也就是视觉上的view从前往后排。
    final int childIndex = getAndVerifyPreorderedIndex(
            childrenCount, i, customOrder);
    final View child = getAndVerifyPreorderedView(
            preorderedList, children, childIndex);
    if (!child.canReceivePointerEvents()
            || !isTransformedTouchPointInView(x, y, child, null)) {
//如果child不可见或者不可点，或者touchevent没落在子view的空间内，都跳过
        continue;
    }

//找到了第一个合格的子view
    newTouchTarget = getTouchTarget(child);
    if (newTouchTarget != null) {
        // Child is already receiving touch within its bounds.
        // Give it the new pointer in addition to the ones it is handling.
        newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
        break;
    }

    resetCancelNextUpFlag(child);

上面三步，找到了应该接收这个点击事件的子view,结合例子，当前viewgroup的实例是decoreView,我们点击了button，那么此时这个child实例应该是decoreview的直接子view,也就是id为com.android.internal.R.id.content的framelayout。

找到后执行了getTouchTarget（child）方法，构造了一个TouchTarget。鉴于mFirstTouchTarget，所以此处返回null.

复制代码

private TouchTarget getTouchTarget(@NonNull View child) {
    for (TouchTarget target = mFirstTouchTarget; target != null; target = target.next) {
        if (target.child == child) {
            return target;
        }
    }
    return null;
}

第六步（重点来了）

复制代码

第六步一开始执行了这句，我们跳入看看这个if语句的方法
if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, false, child, idBitsToAssign))

复制代码

private boolean dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(MotionEvent event, boolean cancel,
        View child, int desiredPointerIdBits) {
    final boolean handled;

    // Canceling motions is a special case.  We don't need to perform any transformations
    // or filtering.  The important part is the action, not the contents.
    final int oldAction = event.getAction();
    if (cancel || oldAction == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL) {
        event.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL);
        if (child == null) {
            handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
        } else {
            handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
        }
        event.setAction(oldAction);
        return handled;
    }

    // Calculate the number of pointers to deliver.
    final int oldPointerIdBits = event.getPointerIdBits();
    final int newPointerIdBits = oldPointerIdBits & desiredPointerIdBits;

    // If for some reason we ended up in an inconsistent state where it looks like we
    // might produce a motion event with no pointers in it, then drop the event.
    if (newPointerIdBits == 0) {
        return false;
    }

    // If the number of pointers is the same and we don't need to perform any fancy
    // irreversible transformations, then we can reuse the motion event for this
    // dispatch as long as we are careful to revert any changes we make.
    // Otherwise we need to make a copy.
    final MotionEvent transformedEvent;
    if (newPointerIdBits == oldPointerIdBits) {
        if (child == null || child.hasIdentityMatrix()) {
            if (child == null) {
                handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
            } else {
                final float offsetX = mScrollX - child.mLeft;
                final float offsetY = mScrollY - child.mTop;
                event.offsetLocation(offsetX, offsetY);

                handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);

                event.offsetLocation(-offsetX, -offsetY);
            }
            return handled;
        }
        transformedEvent = MotionEvent.obtain(event);
    } else {
        transformedEvent = event.split(newPointerIdBits);
    }

    // Perform any necessary transformations and dispatch.
    if (child == null) {
        handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);
    } else {
        final float offsetX = mScrollX - child.mLeft;
        final float offsetY = mScrollY - child.mTop;
        transformedEvent.offsetLocation(offsetX, offsetY);
        if (! child.hasIdentityMatrix()) {
            transformedEvent.transform(child.getInverseMatrix());
        }

        handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);
    }

    // Done.
    transformedEvent.recycle();
    return handled;
}

这里呢，可以看出，不管那种情况，只要是child不是null,那么最后返回的handle就是child.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);在实例中，就是执行id为com.android.internal.R.id.content的framelayout的dispatchTouchEvent，同样是执行viewgroup的dispatchTouchEvent嘛，按照之前的分析，又会走到child.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);

而此时的child是xml布局中的LinearLayout,也是ViewGroup也会执行这个dispatchTouchEvent，又会走到child.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);而这时的child,终于到了button。

┌─────────────────────────┐

│ 触摸事件触发（屏幕点击） │

└──────────────┬──────────┘

▼

┌─────────────────────────┐

│ DecoreView.dispatchTouchEvent() │

│ （核心判断：child ≠ null） │

└──────────────┬──────────┘

▼

┌──────────────────────────┐

│ com.android.internal.R.id.content

| → FrameLayout.dispatchTouchEvent()│

│ （ViewGroup类型，复用同分发逻辑；child ≠ null） │

└──────────────┬───────────┘

▼

┌───────────────────────────┐

│ XML根布局 → LinearLayout.dispatchTouchEvent() │

│ （ViewGroup类型，复用同分发逻辑；child ≠ null） │

└──────────────┬────────────┘

▼

┌────────────────────────────┐

│ 最终目标 → Button.dispatchTouchEvent() │

│ （View类型，无子View，分发终止，执行自身事件处理） │

└────────────────────────────┘

至于button怎么执行dispatchTouchEvent，下一篇吧。