mongodb Replica Set集群搭建（三节点）

betazhou2026-02-11 16:14

mongodb Replica Set集群搭建（三节点）

节点IP分配

192.168.56.107

192.168.56.113

192.168.56.114

准备软件包（所有节点）

创建目录 （所有节点）

准备配置文件

说明：允许从节点处理读操作，在从节点增加如下参数

secondaryOk: true

192.168.56.107

复制代码 
storage:
    dbPath: "D:\\mongodb-win32-x86_64-windows-7.0.4\\data"
systemLog:
    destination: "file"
    path: "D:\\mongodb-win32-x86_64-windows-7.0.4\\logs\\mongodb.log"
net:
  bindIp: 192.168.56.107
  port: 27017
  maxIncomingConnections: 10000
replication:
  replSetName: rs0

192.168.56.113

复制代码 
storage:
    dbPath: "D:\\mongodb-win32-x86_64-windows-7.0.4\\data"
systemLog:
    destination: "file"
    path: "D:\\mongodb-win32-x86_64-windows-7.0.4\\logs\\mongodb.log"
net:
  bindIp: 192.168.56.114
  port: 27016
  maxIncomingConnections: 10000
replication:
  replSetName: rs0

192.168.56.114

复制代码 
storage:
    dbPath: "D:\\mongodb-win32-x86_64-windows-7.0.4\\data"
systemLog:
    destination: "file"
    path: "D:\\mongodb-win32-x86_64-windows-7.0.4\\logs\\mongodb.log"
net:
  bindIp: 192.168.56.113
  port: 27013
  maxIncomingConnections: 10000
replication:
  replSetName: rs0

启动三个节点

复制代码 
mongod --config "D:\mongodb-win32-x86_64-windows-7.0.4\conf\mongodb.cfg" --serviceName MongoDB --serviceDisplayName MongoDB --install

net start MongoDB

连接任意一台数据库

复制代码 
D:\mongosh-2.6.0-win32-x64\bin>mongosh "mongodb://192.168.56.107:27017"
Current Mongosh Log ID: 698b3a9a5f20a9775c628c9f
Connecting to:          mongodb://192.168.56.107:27017/?directConnection=true&appName=mongosh+2.6.0
Using MongoDB:          7.0.4
Using Mongosh:          2.6.0

For mongosh info see: https://www.mongodb.com/docs/mongodb-shell/

------
   The server generated these startup warnings when booting
   2026-02-10T16:32:27.150+08:00: Access control is not enabled for the database. Read and write access to data and configuration is unrestricted
------

test>

初始化集群

cfg={_id:"rs0", members: [ {_id:0,host:'192.168.56.107:27017',priority:2} ,{_id:1,host:'192.168.56.113:27013',priority:1} ,{_id:2,host:'192.168.56.114:27016',arbiterOnly:true}]};
rs.initiate(cfg)
rs.status();

说明：

host:指定的是节点的ip地址与端口号

priority:指的是权重，权重最高的是主节点 ，权重大小的判定(数字最大>数字小的>没有写权重属性的)

arbiterOnly:代表是否作为仲裁节点

复制代码 
D
:\mongosh-2.6.0-win32-x64\bin>mongosh "mongodb://192.168.56.107:27017"
Current Mongosh Log ID: 698b3a9a5f20a9775c628c9f
Connecting to:          mongodb://192.168.56.107:27017/?directConnection=true&appName=mongosh+2.6.0
Using MongoDB:          7.0.4
Using Mongosh:          2.6.0

For mongosh info see: https://www.mongodb.com/docs/mongodb-shell/

------
   The server generated these startup warnings when booting
   2026-02-10T16:32:27.150+08:00: Access control is not enabled for the database. Read and write access to data and configuration is unrestricted
------

test> cfg={_id:"rs0", members: [ {_id:0,host:'192.168.56.107:27017',priority:2} ,{_id:1,host:'192.168.56.113:27013',priority:1} ,{_id:2,host:'192.168.56.114:27016',arbiterOnly:true}]};
{
  _id: 'rs0',
  members: [
    { _id: 0, host: '192.168.56.107:27017', priority: 2 },
    { _id: 1, host: '192.168.56.113:27013', priority: 1 },
    { _id: 2, host: '192.168.56.114:27016', arbiterOnly: true }
  ]
}
test>

test> rs.initiate(cfg)
{ ok: 1 }
rs0 [direct: secondary] test>

rs0 [direct: secondary] test> rs.status();
{
  set: 'rs0',
  date: ISODate('2026-02-10T14:04:10.888Z'),
  myState: 1,
  term: Long('1'),
  syncSourceHost: '',
  syncSourceId: -1,
  heartbeatIntervalMillis: Long('2000'),
  majorityVoteCount: 2,
  writeMajorityCount: 2,
  votingMembersCount: 3,
  writableVotingMembersCount: 2,
  optimes: {
    lastCommittedOpTime: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1770732243, i: 7 }), t: Long('1') },
    lastCommittedWallTime: ISODate('2026-02-10T14:04:03.194Z'),
    readConcernMajorityOpTime: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1770732243, i: 7 }), t: Long('1') },
    appliedOpTime: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1770732243, i: 7 }), t: Long('1') },
    durableOpTime: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1770732243, i: 7 }), t: Long('1') },
    lastAppliedWallTime: ISODate('2026-02-10T14:04:03.194Z'),
    lastDurableWallTime: ISODate('2026-02-10T14:04:03.194Z')
  },
  lastStableRecoveryTimestamp: Timestamp({ t: 1770732230, i: 1 }),
  electionCandidateMetrics: {
    lastElectionReason: 'electionTimeout',
    lastElectionDate: ISODate('2026-02-10T14:04:02.338Z'),
    electionTerm: Long('1'),
    lastCommittedOpTimeAtElection: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1770732230, i: 1 }), t: Long('-1') },
    lastSeenOpTimeAtElection: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1770732230, i: 1 }), t: Long('-1') },
    numVotesNeeded: 2,
    priorityAtElection: 2,
    electionTimeoutMillis: Long('10000'),
    numCatchUpOps: Long('0'),
    newTermStartDate: ISODate('2026-02-10T14:04:02.475Z'),
    wMajorityWriteAvailabilityDate: ISODate('2026-02-10T14:04:02.988Z')
  },
  members: [
    {
      _id: 0,
      name: '192.168.56.107:27017',
      health: 1,
      state: 1,
      stateStr: 'PRIMARY',
      uptime: 19906,
      optime: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1770732243, i: 7 }), t: Long('1') },
      optimeDate: ISODate('2026-02-10T14:04:03.000Z'),
      lastAppliedWallTime: ISODate('2026-02-10T14:04:03.194Z'),
      lastDurableWallTime: ISODate('2026-02-10T14:04:03.194Z'),
      syncSourceHost: '',
      syncSourceId: -1,
      infoMessage: 'Could not find member to sync from',
      electionTime: Timestamp({ t: 1770732242, i: 1 }),
      electionDate: ISODate('2026-02-10T14:04:02.000Z'),
      configVersion: 1,
      configTerm: 1,
      self: true,
      lastHeartbeatMessage: ''
    },
    {
      _id: 1,
      name: '192.168.56.113:27013',
      health: 1,
      state: 2,
      stateStr: 'SECONDARY',
      uptime: 20,
      optime: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1770732243, i: 7 }), t: Long('1') },
      optimeDurable: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1770732243, i: 7 }), t: Long('1') },
      optimeDate: ISODate('2026-02-10T14:04:03.000Z'),
      optimeDurableDate: ISODate('2026-02-10T14:04:03.000Z'),
      lastAppliedWallTime: ISODate('2026-02-10T14:04:03.194Z'),
      lastDurableWallTime: ISODate('2026-02-10T14:04:03.194Z'),
      lastHeartbeat: ISODate('2026-02-10T14:04:10.452Z'),
      lastHeartbeatRecv: ISODate('2026-02-10T14:04:09.409Z'),
      pingMs: Long('0'),
      lastHeartbeatMessage: '',
      syncSourceHost: '192.168.56.107:27017',
      syncSourceId: 0,
      infoMessage: '',
      configVersion: 1,
      configTerm: 1
    },
    {
      _id: 2,
      name: '192.168.56.114:27016',
      health: 1,
      state: 7,
      stateStr: 'ARBITER',
      uptime: 20,
      lastHeartbeat: ISODate('2026-02-10T14:04:10.452Z'),
      lastHeartbeatRecv: ISODate('2026-02-10T14:04:10.417Z'),
      pingMs: Long('0'),
      lastHeartbeatMessage: '',
      syncSourceHost: '',
      syncSourceId: -1,
      infoMessage: '',
      configVersion: 1,
      configTerm: 1
    }
  ],
  ok: 1,
  '$clusterTime': {
    clusterTime: Timestamp({ t: 1770732243, i: 7 }),
    signature: {
      hash: Binary.createFromBase64('AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA=', 0),
      keyId: Long('0')
    }
  },
  operationTime: Timestamp({ t: 1770732243, i: 7 })
}
rs0 [direct: primary] test>

测试登录主从

mongosh "mongodb://192.168.56.107:27017"

复制代码 
D:\mongosh-2.6.0-win32-x64\bin>mongosh "mongodb://192.168.56.107:27017"
Current Mongosh Log ID: 698b3d37a4ce9a857e628c9f
Connecting to:          mongodb://192.168.56.107:27017/?directConnection=true&appName=mongosh+2.6.0
Using MongoDB:          7.0.4
Using Mongosh:          2.6.0

For mongosh info see: https://www.mongodb.com/docs/mongodb-shell/

------
   The server generated these startup warnings when booting
   2026-02-10T16:32:27.150+08:00: Access control is not enabled for the database. Read and write access to data and configuration is unrestricted
------

rs0 [direct: primary] test> exit

mongosh "mongodb://192.168.56.113:27013"

复制代码 
D:\mongosh-2.6.0-win32-x64\bin>mongosh "mongodb://192.168.56.113:27013"
Current Mongosh Log ID: 698b49fdf5a5d6f930628c9f
Connecting to:          mongodb://192.168.56.113:27013/?directConnection=true&appName=mongosh+2.6.0
Using MongoDB:          7.0.4
Using Mongosh:          2.6.0

For mongosh info see: https://www.mongodb.com/docs/mongodb-shell/

------
   The server generated these startup warnings when booting
   2026-02-10T16:29:31.285+08:00: Access control is not enabled for the database. Read and write access to data and configuration is unrestricted
------

rs0 [direct: secondary] test> exit

mongosh "mongodb://192.168.56.114:27016"

复制代码 
D:\mongosh-2.6.0-win32-x64\bin>mongosh "mongodb://192.168.56.114:27016"
Current Mongosh Log ID: 698b4a0a3aa7c61154628c9f
Connecting to:          mongodb://192.168.56.114:27016/?directConnection=true&appName=mongosh+2.6.0
Using MongoDB:          7.0.4
Using Mongosh:          2.6.0

For mongosh info see: https://www.mongodb.com/docs/mongodb-shell/

------
   The server generated these startup warnings when booting
   2026-02-10T16:29:26.854+08:00: Access control is not enabled for the database. Read and write access to data and configuration is unrestricted
   2026-02-10T22:03:51.238+08:00: ** WARNING: Arbiters are not supported in quarterly binary versions
------

rs0 [direct: arbiter] test>

查看节点配置

复制代码 
rs0 [direct: arbiter] test> rs.conf()
{
  _id: 'rs0',
  version: 1,
  term: 1,
  members: [
    {
      _id: 0,
      host: '192.168.56.107:27017',
      arbiterOnly: false,
      buildIndexes: true,
      hidden: false,
      priority: 2,
      tags: {},
      secondaryDelaySecs: Long('0'),
      votes: 1
    },
    {
      _id: 1,
      host: '192.168.56.113:27013',
      arbiterOnly: false,
      buildIndexes: true,
      hidden: false,
      priority: 1,
      tags: {},
      secondaryDelaySecs: Long('0'),
      votes: 1
    },
    {
      _id: 2,
      host: '192.168.56.114:27016',
      arbiterOnly: true,
      buildIndexes: true,
      hidden: false,
      priority: 0,
      tags: {},
      secondaryDelaySecs: Long('0'),
      votes: 1
    }
  ],
  protocolVersion: Long('1'),
  writeConcernMajorityJournalDefault: true,
  settings: {
    chainingAllowed: true,
    heartbeatIntervalMillis: 2000,
    heartbeatTimeoutSecs: 10,
    electionTimeoutMillis: 10000,
    catchUpTimeoutMillis: -1,
    catchUpTakeoverDelayMillis: 30000,
    getLastErrorModes: {},
    getLastErrorDefaults: { w: 1, wtimeout: 0 },
    replicaSetId: ObjectId('698b3ac636c0e40ea3e5f66c')
  }
}
rs0 [direct: arbiter] test>

##查看节点的状态

复制代码 
rs0 [direct: arbiter] test> rs.status()
{
  set: 'rs0',
  date: ISODate('2026-02-10T15:14:28.395Z'),
  myState: 7,
  term: Long('1'),
  syncSourceHost: '',
  syncSourceId: -1,
  heartbeatIntervalMillis: Long('2000'),
  majorityVoteCount: 2,
  writeMajorityCount: 2,
  votingMembersCount: 3,
  writableVotingMembersCount: 2,
  optimes: {
    lastCommittedOpTime: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1770736464, i: 1 }), t: Long('1') },
    lastCommittedWallTime: ISODate('2026-02-10T15:14:24.033Z'),
    readConcernMajorityOpTime: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1770736464, i: 1 }), t: Long('1') },
    appliedOpTime: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1770736464, i: 1 }), t: Long('1') },
    durableOpTime: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 0, i: 0 }), t: Long('-1') },
    lastAppliedWallTime: ISODate('2026-02-10T15:14:24.033Z'),
    lastDurableWallTime: ISODate('1970-01-01T00:00:00.000Z')
  },
  lastStableRecoveryTimestamp: Timestamp({ t: 0, i: 0 }),
  electionParticipantMetrics: {
    votedForCandidate: true,
    electionTerm: Long('1'),
    lastVoteDate: ISODate('2026-02-10T14:04:02.340Z'),
    electionCandidateMemberId: 0,
    voteReason: '',
    lastAppliedOpTimeAtElection: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1770732230, i: 1 }), t: Long('-1') },
    maxAppliedOpTimeInSet: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1770732230, i: 1 }), t: Long('-1') },
    priorityAtElection: 0
  },
  members: [
    {
      _id: 0,
      name: '192.168.56.107:27017',
      health: 1,
      state: 1,
      stateStr: 'PRIMARY',
      uptime: 4237,
      optime: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1770736464, i: 1 }), t: Long('1') },
      optimeDurable: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1770736464, i: 1 }), t: Long('1') },
      optimeDate: ISODate('2026-02-10T15:14:24.000Z'),
      optimeDurableDate: ISODate('2026-02-10T15:14:24.000Z'),
      lastAppliedWallTime: ISODate('2026-02-10T15:14:24.033Z'),
      lastDurableWallTime: ISODate('2026-02-10T15:14:24.033Z'),
      lastHeartbeat: ISODate('2026-02-10T15:14:27.304Z'),
      lastHeartbeatRecv: ISODate('2026-02-10T15:14:27.940Z'),
      pingMs: Long('0'),
      lastHeartbeatMessage: '',
      syncSourceHost: '',
      syncSourceId: -1,
      infoMessage: '',
      electionTime: Timestamp({ t: 1770732242, i: 1 }),
      electionDate: ISODate('2026-02-10T14:04:02.000Z'),
      configVersion: 1,
      configTerm: 1
    },
    {
      _id: 1,
      name: '192.168.56.113:27013',
      health: 1,
      state: 2,
      stateStr: 'SECONDARY',
      uptime: 4237,
      optime: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1770736464, i: 1 }), t: Long('1') },
      optimeDurable: { ts: Timestamp({ t: 1770736464, i: 1 }), t: Long('1') },
      optimeDate: ISODate('2026-02-10T15:14:24.000Z'),
      optimeDurableDate: ISODate('2026-02-10T15:14:24.000Z'),
      lastAppliedWallTime: ISODate('2026-02-10T15:14:24.033Z'),
      lastDurableWallTime: ISODate('2026-02-10T15:14:24.033Z'),
      lastHeartbeat: ISODate('2026-02-10T15:14:26.690Z'),
      lastHeartbeatRecv: ISODate('2026-02-10T15:14:27.624Z'),
      pingMs: Long('0'),
      lastHeartbeatMessage: '',
      syncSourceHost: '192.168.56.107:27017',
      syncSourceId: 0,
      infoMessage: '',
      configVersion: 1,
      configTerm: 1
    },
    {
      _id: 2,
      name: '192.168.56.114:27016',
      health: 1,
      state: 7,
      stateStr: 'ARBITER',
      uptime: 24304,
      syncSourceHost: '',
      syncSourceId: -1,
      infoMessage: '',
      configVersion: 1,
      configTerm: 1,
      self: true,
      lastHeartbeatMessage: ''
    }
  ],
  ok: 1
}
rs0 [direct: arbiter] test>

确认同步情况

rs.printSecondaryReplicationInfo()

复制代码 
D:\mongosh-2.6.0-win32-x64\bin>mongosh "mongodb://192.168.56.113:27013"
Current Mongosh Log ID: 698b4c9ea7994c5d08628c9f
Connecting to:          mongodb://192.168.56.113:27013/?directConnection=true&appName=mongosh+2.6.0
Using MongoDB:          7.0.4
Using Mongosh:          2.6.0

For mongosh info see: https://www.mongodb.com/docs/mongodb-shell/

------
   The server generated these startup warnings when booting
   2026-02-10T16:29:31.285+08:00: Access control is not enabled for the database. Read and write access to data and configuration is unrestricted
------

rs0 [direct: secondary] test> rs.printSecondaryReplicationInfo()
source: 192.168.56.113:27013
{
  syncedTo: 'Tue Feb 10 2026 23:22:41 GMT+0800 (中国标准时间)',
  replLag: '0 secs (0 hrs) behind the primary '
}
rs0 [direct: secondary] test>

查看集群组成员

rs.conf().members

通过 rs.status() 查看当前副本集状态，找到members需要切换为Primary节点的数组下标，cfg.members[0] 中的 [0] 就是数组索引，表示第 1 个成员

复制代码 
rs0 [direct: primary] test> rs.conf().members
[
  {
    _id: 0,
    host: '192.168.56.107:27017',
    arbiterOnly: false,
    buildIndexes: true,
    hidden: false,
    priority: 2,
    tags: {},
    secondaryDelaySecs: Long('0'),
    votes: 1
  },
  {
    _id: 1,
    host: '192.168.56.113:27013',
    arbiterOnly: false,
    buildIndexes: true,
    hidden: false,
    priority: 1,
    tags: {},
    secondaryDelaySecs: Long('0'),
    votes: 1
  },
  {
    _id: 2,
    host: '192.168.56.114:27016',
    arbiterOnly: true,
    buildIndexes: true,
    hidden: false,
    priority: 0,
    tags: {},
    secondaryDelaySecs: Long('0'),
    votes: 1
  }
]

主从切换测试

在主节点执行，修改节点的权重，权重大的为主，权重小的为从

config = rs.conf()

config.members[1].priority = 5

rs.reconfig(config)
说明：

priority有效范围是 0--1000 的浮点数（含 0 和 1000），默认值 1。

mongodb中rs.reconfig(config)解释

底层调用的是 replSetReconfig 命令，只能在主节点上执行（除非加 {force:true}）

复制代码 
rs0 [direct: primary] test> config = rs.conf()    <<< 查看当前主从配置的priority
{
  _id: 'rs0',
  version: 1,
  term: 3,
  members: [
    {
      _id: 0,
      host: '192.168.56.107:27017',
      arbiterOnly: false,
      buildIndexes: true,
      hidden: false,
      priority: 2,
      tags: {},
      secondaryDelaySecs: Long('0'),
      votes: 1
    },
    {
      _id: 1,
      host: '192.168.56.113:27013',
      arbiterOnly: false,
      buildIndexes: true,
      hidden: false,
      priority: 1,
      tags: {},
      secondaryDelaySecs: Long('0'),
      votes: 1
    },
    {
      _id: 2,
      host: '192.168.56.114:27016',
      arbiterOnly: true,
      buildIndexes: true,
      hidden: false,
      priority: 0,
      tags: {},
      secondaryDelaySecs: Long('0'),
      votes: 1
    }
  ],
  protocolVersion: Long('1'),
  writeConcernMajorityJournalDefault: true,
  settings: {
    chainingAllowed: true,
    heartbeatIntervalMillis: 2000,
    heartbeatTimeoutSecs: 10,
    electionTimeoutMillis: 10000,
    catchUpTimeoutMillis: -1,
    catchUpTakeoverDelayMillis: 30000,
    getLastErrorModes: {},
    getLastErrorDefaults: { w: 1, wtimeout: 0 },
    replicaSetId: ObjectId('698b3ac636c0e40ea3e5f66c')
  }
}
rs0 [direct: primary] test> config.members[1].priority = 5   <<<<< 修改从库的priority节点大于当前主节点的priority
5
rs0 [direct: primary] test> rs.reconfig(config)   <<<<< 刷新配置信息
{
  ok: 1,
  '$clusterTime': {
    clusterTime: Timestamp({ t: 1770737382, i: 1 }),
    signature: {
      hash: Binary.createFromBase64('AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA=', 0),
      keyId: Long('0')
    }
  },
  operationTime: Timestamp({ t: 1770737382, i: 1 })
}
rs0 [direct: primary] test>

rs0 [direct: secondary] test>   <<<<<<<<< 再次刷新原来的主库变成了从库

rs0 [direct: secondary] test>

原来的从库变成了主库

复制代码 
D:\mongosh-2.6.0-win32-x64\bin>mongosh "mongodb://192.168.56.113:27013"
Current Mongosh Log ID: 698b4f9be31ca9da01628c9f
Connecting to:          mongodb://192.168.56.113:27013/?directConnection=true&appName=mongosh+2.6.0
Using MongoDB:          7.0.4
Using Mongosh:          2.6.0

For mongosh info see: https://www.mongodb.com/docs/mongodb-shell/

------
   The server generated these startup warnings when booting
   2026-02-10T16:29:31.285+08:00: Access control is not enabled for the database. Read and write access to data and configuration is unrestricted
------

rs0 [direct: primary] test>
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