Spring AI Alibaba入门学习（一）

一、概念

Spring AI Alibaba是一款以Spring AI为基础，深度集成百炼平台，支持ChatBot、工作流、多智能体应用开发模式的AI框架。

Spring AI Alibaba 开源项目基于 Spring AI 构建，是阿里云通义系列模型及服务在 Java AI 应用开发领域的最佳实践，提供高层次的 AI API 抽象与云原生基础设施集成方案和企业级 AI 应用生态集成。Agentic AI Framework for Java Developers。

SpringAI官网：https://spring.io/projects/spring-ai#learn

Spring AI Alibaba：https://java2ai.com/

阿里云百炼平台：https://bailian.console.aliyun.com/console?tab=model#/model-market

我个人的简单理解就是通过java构建ai应用的桥梁。

附上官网一张图：

二、第一个Demo

2.1 前置工作（大模型调用三件套）

• 获取平台api-key

• 获取模型名

在模型广场-全部模型里找到要调用的模型，点进去，复制模型code

• 获取baseurl

2.2 配置及编码

• 新建maven父工程

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

  <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.wx</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-ai-alibaba</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>pom</packaging>
  <name>SpringAIAlibaba-Maven</name>
  <modules>
  <module>demo1</module>
  </modules>

    <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>21</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>21</maven.compiler.target>
    <java.version>21</java.version>
    <spring-boot.version>3.5.5</spring-boot.version>
    <spring-ai.version>1.0.0</spring-ai.version>
    <SpringAIAlibaba.version>1.0.0.2</SpringAIAlibaba.version>

  </properties> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId> <version>${spring-boot.version}</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud.ai</groupId> <artifactId>spring-ai-alibaba-bom</artifactId> <version>${SpringAIAlibaba.version}</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.ai</groupId> <artifactId>spring-ai-bom</artifactId> <version>${spring-ai.version}</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>${spring-boot.version}</version> </plugin> </plugins> </build> <repositories> <repository> <id>spring-milestones</id> <name>Spring Milestones</name> <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url> <snapshots> <enabled>false</enabled> </snapshots> </repository> </repositories> </project>

主要版本：

<java.version>21</java.version>
    <spring-boot.version>3.5.5</spring-boot.version>
    <spring-ai.version>1.0.0</spring-ai.version>
    <SpringAIAlibaba.version>1.0.0.2</SpringAIAlibaba.version>

• 新建子工程

pom如下，主要引入灵积服务依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.wx</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-ai-alibaba</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>demo1</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>21</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>21</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 引入 springai alibaba DashScope 模型适配的 Starter -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud.ai</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-ai-alibaba-starter-dashscope</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--lombok-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <!--hutool-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
            <version>5.8.22</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.9.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <compilerArgs>
                        <arg>-parameters</arg>
                    </compilerArgs>
                    <source>21</source>
                    <target>21</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-milestones</id>
            <name>Spring Milestones</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
    </repositories>


</project>

• 添加yml配置文件

  server:
  port: 8001
  servlet:
  encoding:
  enabled: true
  force: true
  charset: UTF-8

  spring:
  application:
  name: demo1

  # SpringAI Alibaba 配置
  ai:
    dashscope:
      api-key: ${aliQwen-api}
      base-url: https://dashscope.aliyuncs.com/compatible-mode/v1
      chat:
        options:
          model: qwen-plus

  大模型对话中文乱码UTF8编码处理（已在server.servlet.encoding中配置）

其中，api-key配置系统环境变量，如下，key是自己命名的aliQwen-api，值就是 百炼平台获取的秘钥。秘钥，base-url和model名均从以上前置工作中获取。

• 配置类

  package com.wx.config;

  import com.alibaba.cloud.ai.dashscope.api.DashScopeApi;
  import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
  import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
  import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

  /**

  • @Description

  • @author: wangxin

  • @date: 2026/3/7 20:40
    */
    @Configuration
    public class LLMConfig {

    /**

    • 方式1:${}
    • 持有yml文件配置：spring.ai.dashscope.api-key={aliQwen-api} */ @Value("{spring.ai.dashscope.api-key}")
      private String apiKey;

    @Bean
    public DashScopeApi dashScopeApi()
    {
    return DashScopeApi.builder().apiKey(apiKey).build();
    }

  }

• controller

  package com.wx.controller;

  import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
  import org.springframework.ai.chat.model.ChatModel;
  import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
  import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
  import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
  import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
  import reactor.core.publisher.Flux;

  /**

  • @Description

  • @author: wangxin

  • @date: 2026/3/7 20:42
    */
    @RestController
    public class ChatController {

    @Resource
    private ChatModel chatModel;

    @GetMapping("/test/chat")
    public String testChat(@RequestParam(name = "msg", defaultValue = "你是谁") String msg) {

     String call = chatModel.call(msg);
     System.out.println("大模型返回:" + call);
     return call;

    }

    @GetMapping("/test/stream")
    public Flux<String> testStream(@RequestParam(name = "msg", defaultValue = "你是谁") String msg) {

     return chatModel.stream(msg);

    }

  }

• 测试

chat和stream输出的区别就是一个是一次性返回，一个是像挤牙膏一样一点一点返回。

• 切换大模型

类似千问，切换deepseek其他大模型，只需要替换base-url和model名称即可。

以上内容基于尚硅谷视频学习后总结。