部署基于nginx+mysql+elasticsearch的zabbix监控系统，实现数据采集和可视化

拓扑图

准备环境（部署lnmp）

server---192.168.1.110（仅主机）

agent----192.168.1.120（仅主机）

操作步骤

关闭防火墙、关闭selinux、修改hosts

root@server# systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld

root@server# vi /etc/selinux/config

SELINUX=disabled

root@server# vi /etc/hosts

192.168.1.110 server

192.168.1.120 agent

提前准备对应包

部署LNMP环境

1、安装nginx

root@server lnmp# mkdir lnmp

root@server lnmp# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake libtool make zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre* pcre-devel

root@server \~# useradd -M -u 8001 -s /sbin/nologin nginx 创建nginx用户

root@server nginx-1.14.2# id nginx

uid=8001(nginx) gid=8001(nginx) 组=8001(nginx)

root@server lnmp# tar -xf nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz

root@server lnmp# cd nginx-1.14.2

root@servernginx-1.14.2# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_dav_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-pcre

root@servernginx-1.14.2# make && make install

root@server \~# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

user nginx nginx; //在第四行添加

删除前面的#；更改添加红色部分

44 location / {

45 root html;

46 index index.html index.htm index.php;

}

}

location ~ \.php$ {

root html;

67 fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

68 fastcgi_index index.php;

69 fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;

70 include fastcgi_params;

}

root@server \~# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx //启动nginx

root@server lnmp# netstat -nltup | grep nginx

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 4991/nginx: master

网页访问，出现以下画面部署nginx成功

2、安装mysql

root@server lnmp# yum -y install cmake ncurses-devel

root@server lnmp# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql

root@server lnmp# tar -xf mysql-5.6.26.tar.gz

root@server mysql-5.6.26# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data -DMYSQL-USER=mysql

root@server mysql-5.6.26# make -j 2 && make install //2核CPU，用-j2编译

root@server mysql-5.6.26# cd && chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/

root@server\~#cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

root@server \~# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

root@server \~# vi /etc/init.d/mysqld

46 basedir=/usr/local/mysql

47 datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

root@server \~# chkconfig mysqld on //启动数据库

初始化数据库：

root@server support-files# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

必须出现2个OK才表示初始化成功！！！

root@server \~# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /bin/

root@server \~# /etc/init.d/mysqld start

Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

root@server \~# netstat -natup | grep 3306

tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 33238/mysqld

root@server \~# mysql_secure_installation //初始化数据库

到这里提示需要创建密码，我们先不创建，根据提示按Y下一步。到创建新密码那一步时，再创建密码。密码为：000000

root@server \~# mysql -uroot -p000000 //测试登录成功！

3、安装PHP

root@server \~# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ libxml2-devel openssl-devel curl-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libicu-devel freetype-devel openldap-devel openldap openldap-devel php-pear sqlite-devel bzip2

root@server lnmp# tar -xf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.bz2

root@server libmcrypt-2.5.8# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmcrypt //编译安装

root@server libmcrypt-2.5.8# make && make install

root@server \~# vim /etc/ld.so.conf //编辑这个文件，添加两个lib库的位置

/usr/local/libmcrypt/lib

/usr/local/mysql/lib

root@server \~# ldconfig //执行这个生效

root@server \~# echo "ldconfig" >> /etc/rc.local //写入到开机自动执行

root@server lnmp# tar -xf php-5.6.13.tar.bz2

root@server lnmp# cd php-5.6.13/

root@server php-5.6.13# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-iconv-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --with-gd --enable-mysqlnd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-soap --with-gettext --with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt

root@server php-5.6.13# make -j 2 && make install //执行安装

root@server php-5.6.13# cp -a php.ini-development /usr/local/php/php.ini //复制PHP.ini 文件

root@server php-5.6.13]# cp -a sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm //复制启动及脚本文件

root@server php-5.6.13#cd /usr/local/php/etc

root@server etc# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf

\[root@server php# chmod a+x /etc/init.d/php-fpm

root@server php# /etc/init.d/php-fpm start

Starting php-fpm done

root@server php-5.6.13# ss -tan | grep 9000

LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:9000 *:*

测试Nginx能否识别PHP文件

root@server \~# echo "<?php phpinfo(); ?>" >> /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php

网页访问：http://192.168.1.110/index.php

到这里就部署完LNMP环境，现在开始部署zabbix监控

4、安装zabbix

root@server zabbix-4.2.4# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M zabbix //创建zabbix用户

root@server zabbix-4.2.4# yum install -y net-snmp-devel libevent libevent-devel //依赖关系解决

root@server zabbix-4.2.4# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zabbix --enable-server --enable-agent --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-net-snmp --with-libcurl --with-mysql //编译安装

出现这个代表编译成功

直接执行make install

root@server zabbix-4.2.4# make install

root@server \~# mysql -uroot -p000000

mysql> create database zabbix;

mysql> grant all on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost identified by '000000';

mysql> flush privileges; //刷新系统权限

root@server \~# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart

Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!

Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

root@server \~# mysql -uzabbix -p000000 //没有报错就登录成功

root@server zabbix-4.2.4# mysql -uzabbix -p000000 zabbix < database/mysql/schema.sql

root@server zabbix-4.2.4# mysql -uzabbix -p000000 zabbix < database/mysql/images.sql

root@server zabbix-4.2.4# mysql -uzabbix -p000000 zabbix < database/mysql/data.sql

root@server \~# vi /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_server.conf

85 DBHost=localhost #默认注释掉了，直接取消注释即可

94 DBName=zabbix #数据库用户，我们授权的用户也是zabbix

110 DBUser=zabbix #默认是 root，我们授权的用户是 zabbix

118 DBPassword=000000 #密码我们授权的是 000000

root@server \~# vi /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf

281 UnsafeUserParameters=1 #允许所有的字符是在用户定义的参数，参数传递，也就是支持自定义脚本

root@server \~# /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server

root@server zabbix-4.2.4# cd misc/init.d/fedora/core

root@server core# cp -a * /etc/init.d/

root@server core# chmod a+x /etc/init.d/zabbix_*

root@server core# vi /etc/init.d/zabbix_server

22 BASEDIR=/usr/local/zabbix

root@server core# vi /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd

22 BASEDIR=/usr/local/zabbix

root@server core# /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd start

root@server core# netstat -lnupt | grep zabbix //只启动一个端口

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10050 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 50391/zabbix_agentd

root@server core# find / -name mysql.sock

/tmp/mysql.sock

root@server core# vi /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_server.conf

DBSocket= /tmp/mysql.sock //添加这一行

root@server core# systemctl daemon-reload

root@server core# /etc/init.d/zabbix_server restart //重新启动zabbix_server

root@server core# netstat -lnupt | grep zabbix

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10050 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 50391/zabbix_agentd

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10051 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 50804/zabbix_server

root@server init.d# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

root@server init.d# /etc/init.d/zabbix_server restart

root@server init.d# /etc/init.d/php-fpm restart

网页访问zabbix

出现报错，需要修改php.ini参数

root@server init.d# vi /usr/local/php/php.ini

660 post_max_size = 16M

372 max_execution_time = 300

382 max_input_time = 300

926 date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai //此行有注释，取消注释并修改

704 always_populate_raw_post_data = -1 此行有注释，取消注释

1214 mysqli.default_socket =/tmp/mysql.sock

root@server init.d# /etc/init.d/php-fpm restart

Gracefully shutting down php-fpm . done

Starting php-fpm done

网页刷新

root@server# cd /root/lnmp/php-5.6.13/ext/ldap/

root@server ldap# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize

Configuring for:

PHP Api Version: 20131106

Zend Module Api No: 20131226

Zend Extension Api No: 220131226

root@server ldap# ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-ldap

执行后会报错

configure: error: Cannot find ldap libraries in /usr/lib.

解决：

root@server \~# yum -y install rsync

root@server \~# rsync -avz /usr/lib64/libldap* /usr/lib/

root@server ldap# ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-ldap

root@server ldap# make && make install //执行后会提醒"make test"

root@server ldap# make test

root@server ldap# vi /usr/local/php/php.ini

添加：extension=ldap.so

root@server ldap# /etc/init.d/php-fpm restart

Gracefully shutting down php-fpm . done

Starting php-fpm done

网页刷新：

下载后上传

root@server ldap# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/conf

root@server conf# ls

maintenance.inc.php zabbix.conf.php zabbix.conf.php.example

登录

点击右上角用户，然后选择语言

然后 Update 即可，页面变为中文

点击配置-主机 启用本主机

1、解决乱码问题：

在 Windows 下面找一个 ttf 的字体文件移动到

/usr/local/nginx/html/assets/fonts/ 目录下：

root@server fonts# ls

DejaVuSans.ttf simkai.ttf

root@server fonts# vi /usr/local/nginx/html/include/defines.inc.php

69 define('ZBX_GRAPH_FONT_NAME', 'simkai'); // font file name

返回网页刷新

监控windows server2012

安装windows server 2012

网卡为仅主机模式

Windows server 2012

ip地址：192.168.1.10

Zabbix server:192.168.1.110

关闭防火墙

保证与zabbix server端通信

在windows server2012上安装net-tools,上传zabbix并解压

C:\zabbix\zabbix_agent-4.2.4-win\conf

修改配置文件zabbix_agentd

Server=192.168.1.110

ServerActive=192.168.1.110

Hostname=WIN-B02BPENBV0V

监控centos7

配置监控Linux远程主机：

（在另外一台主机上，监控该主机centos7或其它服务器）

安装 Agent

root@agent \~# yum install -y curl curl-devel net-snmp net-snmp-devel perl-DBI pcre* gcc gcc-c++

root@agent \~# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin zabbix

root@agent \~# ls

anaconda-ks.cfg zabbix-4.2.4.tar.gz

root@agent \~# tar -xf zabbix-4.2.4.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/

root@agent zabbix-4.2.4# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zabbix --enable-agent

root@agent zabbix-4.2.4# vi /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf

94 Server=192.168.1.110

135 ServerActive=192.168.1.110

root@agent zabbix-4.2.4# cd misc/init.d/fedora/core

root@agent core# ls

zabbix_agentd zabbix_server

root@agent core# cp -a zabbix_agentd /etc/init.d/

root@agent core# chmod a+x /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd

root@agent core# vi /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd

BASEDIR=/usr/local/zabbix

root@agent core# netstat -anltp | grep zabbix

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10050 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 17954/zabbix_agentd

root@server \~# /usr/local/zabbix/bin/zabbix_get -s 192.168.1.120 -p10050 -ksystem.uname

Linux agent 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Apr 20 16:44:24 UTC 2018 x86_64

#10050是zabbix_agent的端口，10051是zabbix_server端口 -k 指定键值 uname

能查看到客户机系统信息，表示能监控centos7客户机

监控数据库

root@agent \~# yum install -y mariadb mariadb-server

root@agent \~# systemctl start mariadb

root@agent \~# mysql_secure_installation

root@agent \~# mysql -uroot -p000000

创建测试用户test

MariaDB (none)> grant usage on *.* to 'test'@'%' identified by '123456';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB (none)> grant usage on *.* to 'test'@'localhost' identified by '123456';

root@zabbix-agent \~# cd zabbix-4.2.4/conf/zabbix_agentd

root@zabbix-agent zabbix_agentd# ls

userparameter_examples.conf userparameter_mysql.conf

root@zabbix-agent zabbix_agentd# cp -r userparameter_mysql.conf /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf.d/

root@zabbix-agent zabbix_agentd# vi /usr/local/zabbix/etc/.my.cnf //编辑一个脚本文件

#Zabbix Agent

mysql

host=agent

user=zabbix

password=000000

socket= /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

mysqladmin

host=agent

user=zabbix

password=000000

socket= /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

root@zabbix-agent zabbix_agentd# vi /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf //然后再次修改zabbix的配置文件

去掉注释，修改为正确的路径

265 Include=/usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf.d/

root@zabbix-agent zabbix_agentd# vi /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf.d/userparameter_mysql.conf

将里面/var/lib/zabbix改为/usr/loca/zabbix/etc (有三处需要改)

root@zabbix-agent zabbix_agentd# /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd restart //重启生效

Restarting zabbix_agentd (via systemctl): 确定

root@zabbix-agent zabbix_agentd# ss -tan | grep 10050

LISTEN 0 128 *:10050 *:*

测试zabbix-server端能否获取到zabbix-agent端的信息

root@server \~# /usr/local/zabbix/bin/zabbix_get -s 192.168.1.120 -p10050 -kmysql.version

mysql Ver 15.1 Distrib 5.5.68-MariaDB, for Linux (x86_64) using readline 5.1

返回浏览器添加数据库

监控华为交换机

交换机配置

交换机配置：

Huawei snmp-agent

Huawei snmp-agent community read zabbix@000000

Huawei snmp-agent sys-info version all

Huawei snmp-agent target-host inform address udp-domain 192.168.1.110 udp-port 161 Huawei params securityname zabbix@000000 v2c //server端的内网ip

Huawei snmp-agent trap enable

Warning: All switches of SNMP trap/notification will be open. Continue? Y/N:y

root@server \~# yum install net-snmp* -y

root@server \~# systemctl start snmpd

root@server \~# systemctl enable snmpd

Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/snmpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/snmpd.service.

root@server \~# snmpwalk -v 2c -c zabbix@000000 192.168.1.100 system //交换机地址

SNMPv2-MIB::sysDescr.0 = STRING: S5700-28C-HI

Huawei Versatile Routing Platform Software

VRP (R) software,Version 3.30 (S5700 V200R001C00)

Copyright (C) 2007 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

SNMPv2-MIB::sysObjectID.0 = OID: SNMPv2-SMI::enterprises.2011.2.23.169

DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (54612) 0:09:06.12

SNMPv2-MIB::sysContact.0 = STRING: R&D Beijing, Huawei Technologies co.,Ltd.

SNMPv2-MIB::sysName.0 = STRING: Huawei

SNMPv2-MIB::sysLocation.0 = STRING: Beijing China

SNMPv2-MIB::sysServices.0 = INTEGER: 78

添加主机

添加模块：

添加宏：

等待30-60s后，SNMP服务显示启动正常，绿色状态

部署grafana

root@server \~# wget https://dl.grafana.com/oss/release/grafana-7.5.6-1.x86_64.rpm

root@server \~# yum install -y grafana-7.5.6-1.x86_64.rpm

root@server \~# systemctl start grafana-server

网页访问：192.168.1.110:3000

用户名和密码为admin

复制代码到linux执行

root@server plugins# cd /var/lib/grafana/plugins/

root@server plugins# grafana-cli plugins install alexanderzobnin-zabbix-app

installing alexanderzobnin-zabbix-app @ 4.0.1

from url: https://grafana.com/api/plugins/alexanderzobnin-zabbix-app/versions/4.0.1/download

into: /var/lib/grafana/plugins

✔ Installed alexanderzobnin-zabbix-app successfully

Restart grafana after installing plugins . <service grafana-server restart>

root@server plugins# service grafana-server restart

安装部署Elasticsearch

root@server \~# yum install -y java java-devel

root@server opt# ls

elasticsearch-6.1.4.tar.gz

root@server opt# tar -xf elasticsearch-6.1.4.tar.gz

root@server opt# cd

root@server \~# groupadd elsearch

root@server \~# useradd elsearch -g elsearch -p elasticsearch

root@server opt# chown -R elsearch:elsearch elasticsearch-6.1.4

root@server elasticsearch-6.1.4# su elsearch

elsearch@server opt$ cd /opt/elasticsearch-6.1.1

elsearch@server opt$ ./bin/elasticsearch

出现info没有报错就成功

使用curl在本机（虚拟机）测试一下成功如下：

elsearch@server config$ vi /opt/elasticsearch-6.1.4/config/elasticsearch.yml

55 network.host: 192.168.1.110

59 http.port: 9200

root@server \~# yum install -y java java-devel

root@server \~# wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm

root@server \~# rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm

elasticsearch安装

下载并安装GPG key

root@server \~# rpm --import https://packages.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch

添加yum源

root@server \~# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/elasticsearch.repo

elasticsearch-2.x

name=Elasticsearch repository for 2.x packages

baseurl=http://packages.elastic.co/elasticsearch/2.x/centos

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://packages.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch

enabled=1

在安装elasticsearch之前 需要对文件 /etc/passwd /etc/group进行操作

root@server \~# chattr -i /etc/passwd

root@server \~# chattr -i /etc/group

安装elasticsearch

root@server \~# yum install -y elasticsearch

启动服务并加入开机自启动

root@server \~# systemctl daemon-reload

root@server \~# systemctl enable elasticsearch.service

root@server \~# systemctl start elasticsearch.service

4 管理配置elasticsearch

修改elasticsearch的配置文件

备份原配置文件

root@server \~# cp /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml.bak

修改后的配置文件如下

root@server elasticsearch# egrep -v '^#' /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml

取消注释：

cluster.name:my-server ##集群名字

node.name: server ##节点名字

path.data: /data/es-data ##数据目录

path.logs: /var/log/elasticsearch ##elasticsearch日志所在路径

bootstrap.memory_lock: true ##是否锁定内存 开启

network.host: 0.0.0.0 ##默认是所有网段

http.port: 9200 ##端口

创建elasticsearch的数据目录并进行授权

root@server \~# cd /etc/elasticsearch/

elasticsearch.yml elasticsearch.yml.bak logging.yml scripts

root@server elasticsearch# mkdir -p /data/es-data

root@server elasticsearch# chown elasticsearch.elasticsearch /data/es-data/ -R

root@server elasticsearch# systemctl restart elasticsearch.service

安装Elasticsearch集群管理插件 head（此插件是集群插件）

root@server elasticsearch# /usr/share/elasticsearch/bin/plugin install mobz/elasticsearch-head

写点数据, 写一个/index-demo/test的索引，方法post，点击提交请求

{

"user": "oldboy",

"mesg": "hello world"

}