C 里面如何使用链表 list

rh106LrSb2026-04-07 9:05

1. 学生时代, 那会学习 C 数据结构, 比较简单

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struct person {
    int id;
    char name[64+1];
    struct person * next;
};

类似上面这样, 需要什么依赖 next 指针来回调整, 然后手工 print F5 去 debug 熬.

2. 刚工作青年时代, 主要花活, 随大流类似

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#pragma once

#include "struct.h"

//
// list.h 似魔鬼的步伐, 单链表库
// $LIST 需要嵌入 struct 的第一行
// void * list = nullptr;      // create list
// list_delete(list, fide);    // delete list [可选]
//
struct $list {
    struct $list * next;
};

#define $LIST struct $list $node;

或者类似

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/**
 * struct list_node - an entry in a doubly-linked list
 * @next: next entry (self if empty)
 * @prev: previous entry (self if empty)
 *
 * This is used as an entry in a linked list.
 * Example:
 *    struct child {
 *        const char *name;
 *        // Linked list of all us children.
 *        struct list_node list;
 *    };
 */
struct list_node
{
    struct list_node *next, *prev;
};

/**
 * struct list_head - the head of a doubly-linked list
 * @h: the list_head (containing next and prev pointers)
 *
 * This is used as the head of a linked list.
 * Example:
 *    struct parent {
 *        const char *name;
 *        struct list_head children;
 *        unsigned int num_children;
 *    };
 */
struct list_head
{
    struct list_node n;
};

杂技, 理解的心智负担稍微高一点, 但使用上对方有了单元测试, 比较成熟, list 结构问题较少, 除了业务的内存错位自己 debug 稍微麻烦点.

3. 35岁中年之后

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struct write_buffer {
    struct write_buffer * next;
    const void * buffer;
    char * ptr;
    size_t sz;
    bool userobject;
};

struct write_buffer_udp {
    struct write_buffer buffer;
    uint8_t udp_address[UDP_ADDRESS_SIZE];
};

struct wb_list {
    struct write_buffer * head;
    struct write_buffer * tail;
};

需要 list , 还是直接 next 指针来回调整.