1、ssm 整合:Mybatis 层
一、MyBatis 层核心目标
搭建 MyBatis 基础环境,编写实体类、Mapper 接口、Mapper 映射文件,实现数据库底层交互,为 Spring 整合做准备。
二、IDEA 项目结构(MyBatis 层)
src/main/java
└── com.example
├── pojo # 实体类
│ └── Book.java
├── mapper # Mapper接口
│ └── BookMapper.java
└── service # Service层接口(后续Spring层)
└── BookService.java
src/main/resources
├── mapper # MyBatis映射文件
│ └── BookMapper.xml
├── mybatis-config.xml # MyBatis核心配置
└── db.properties # 数据库连接信息
三、核心代码实现
1. 数据库准备(ssm_db)
sql
CREATE DATABASE ssm_db CHARACTER SET utf8mb4;
USE ssm_db;
CREATE TABLE books (
id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
bookName VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
author VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
price DOUBLE NOT NULL
);
INSERT INTO books (bookName, author, price) VALUES
("Spring实战", "Craig Walls", 79.00),
("MyBatis从入门到精通", "刘增辉", 69.00);
2. 实体类(Book.java)
package com.example.pojo;
import lombok.Data;
@Data // Lombok简化代码,需安装插件
public class Book {
private Integer id;
private String bookName;
private String author;
private Double price;
}
3. Mapper 接口(BookMapper.java)
package com.example.mapper;
import com.example.pojo.Book;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookMapper {
// 查询所有书籍
List<Book> queryAllBook();
// 根据ID查询
Book queryBookById(Integer id);
// 添加书籍
int addBook(Book book);
// 修改书籍
int updateBook(Book book);
// 删除书籍
int deleteBook(Integer id);
// 搜索书籍(模糊查询)
List<Book> searchBook(String bookName);
}
4. MyBatis 映射文件(BookMapper.xml)
xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.example.mapper.BookMapper">
<!-- 查询所有书籍 -->
<select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Book">
SELECT * FROM books
</select>
<!-- 根据ID查询 -->
<select id="queryBookById" parameterType="int" resultType="Book">
SELECT * FROM books WHERE id = #{id}
</select>
<!-- 添加书籍 -->
<insert id="addBook" parameterType="Book">
INSERT INTO books (bookName, author, price)
VALUES (#{bookName}, #{author}, #{price})
</insert>
<!-- 修改书籍 -->
<update id="updateBook" parameterType="Book">
UPDATE books
SET bookName = #{bookName}, author = #{author}, price = #{price}
WHERE id = #{id}
</update>
<!-- 删除书籍 -->
<delete id="deleteBook" parameterType="int">
DELETE FROM books WHERE id = #{id}
</delete>
<!-- 搜索书籍(模糊查询) -->
<select id="searchBook" parameterType="string" resultType="Book">
SELECT * FROM books WHERE bookName LIKE CONCAT('%', #{bookName}, '%')
</select>
</mapper>
5. MyBatis 核心配置(mybatis-config.xml)
xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 环境配置(此处由Spring管理,此处可简化) -->
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!-- 映射器 -->
<mappers>
<mapper resource="mapper/BookMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
6. 数据库配置(db.properties)
properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm_db?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root
2、ssm 整合:Spring 层
一、Spring 层核心目标
将 MyBatis 的核心组件(SqlSessionFactory、Mapper)交给 Spring 容器管理,管理 Service 层 Bean,配置声明式事务,实现解耦与事务控制。
二、Spring 核心配置(applicationContext.xml)
xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
https://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!-- 1. 加载数据库配置文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
<!-- 2. 配置数据源(Druid连接池,推荐) -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</bean>
<!-- 3. 配置SqlSessionFactory(MyBatis与Spring整合核心) -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 注入数据源 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!-- 加载MyBatis核心配置 -->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
<!-- 加载Mapper映射文件 -->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"/>
<!-- 配置别名 -->
<property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.example.pojo"/>
</bean>
<!-- 4. 扫描Mapper接口,自动代理并注册为Bean(替代MyBatis生成代理) -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.example.mapper"/>
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
</bean>
<!-- 5. 扫描Service层,自动扫描并创建Bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.example.service"/>
<!-- 6. 配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!-- 7. 开启声明式事务注解支持 -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
</beans>
三、Service 层代码实现
1. Service 接口(BookService.java)
package com.example.service;
import com.example.pojo.Book;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookService {
List<Book> queryAllBook();
Book queryBookById(Integer id);
void addBook(Book book);
void updateBook(Book book);
void deleteBook(Integer id);
List<Book> searchBook(String bookName);
}
2. Service 实现类(BookServiceImpl.java)
package com.example.service.impl;
import com.example.mapper.BookMapper;
import com.example.pojo.Book;
import com.example.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import java.util.List;
@Service("bookService")
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
// 自动注入Mapper
@Autowired
private BookMapper bookMapper;
@Override
public List<Book> queryAllBook() {
return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
}
@Override
public Book queryBookById(Integer id) {
return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
}
@Override
@Transactional // 事务控制:添加操作
public void addBook(Book book) {
bookMapper.addBook(book);
}
@Override
@Transactional // 事务控制:修改操作
public void updateBook(Book book) {
bookMapper.updateBook(book);
}
@Override
@Transactional // 事务控制:删除操作
public void deleteBook(Integer id) {
bookMapper.deleteBook(id);
}
@Override
public List<Book> searchBook(String bookName) {
return bookMapper.searchBook(bookName);
}
}
3、SSM 整合:SpringMVC 层
3.1 作用说明
SpringMVC 负责接收浏览器请求、调用 Service、跳转页面、返回数据,是整个 Web 项目的入口控制层。
3.2 配置 web.xml(核心)
路径:src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml
xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!-- 1. 启动 Spring 根容器 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 2. 解决 POST 请求中文乱码 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 3. 配置 SpringMVC 前端控制器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
3.3 配置 springmvc-servlet.xml
路径:src/main/resources/springmvc-servlet.xml
xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 1. 扫描 Controller -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.controller"/>
<!-- 2. 开启 SpringMVC 注解驱动 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- 3. 静态资源放行(css/js/img) -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 4. 视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
4、SSM 整合:查询所有书籍功能
4.1 编写 Controller
路径:com.controller.BookController.java
package com.controller;
import com.pojo.Book;
import com.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
@Autowired
private BookService bookService;
// 查询所有书籍
@RequestMapping("/allBook")
public String list(Model model) {
List<Book> bookList = bookService.queryAllBook();
model.addAttribute("bookList", bookList);
return "bookList";
}
}
4.2 编写书籍列表页面
路径:src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/pages/bookList.jsp
jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>书籍列表</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>书籍信息</h1>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAdd">添加书籍</a>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<th>书籍ID</th>
<th>书籍名称</th>
<th>书籍数量</th>
<th>书籍详情</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
<c:forEach var="book" items="${bookList}">
<tr>
<td>${book.bookID}</td>
<td>${book.bookName}</td>
<td>${book.bookCounts}</td>
<td>${book.detail}</td>
<td>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdate?id=${book.bookID}">修改</a>
|
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/deleteBook?id=${book.bookID}">删除</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
</body>
</html>
5、SSM 整合:添加书籍功能
5.1 跳转到添加页面
// 跳转到添加页面
@RequestMapping("/toAdd")
public String toAdd() {
return "addBook";
}
5.2 编写添加页面 addBook.jsp
jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>添加书籍</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>添加书籍</h1>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post">
书籍名称:<input type="text" name="bookName" required><br/>
书籍数量:<input type="text" name="bookCounts" required><br/>
书籍描述:<input type="text" name="detail" required><br/>
<input type="submit" value="添加">
</form>
</body>
</html>
5.3 执行添加
// 添加书籍
@RequestMapping("/addBook")
public String addBook(Book book) {
bookService.addBook(book);
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
6、SSM 整合:修改书籍功能
6.1 跳转到修改页面(回显数据)
// 跳转到修改页面
@RequestMapping("/toUpdate")
public String toUpdate(int id, Model model) {
Book book = bookService.queryBookById(id);
model.addAttribute("book", book);
return "updateBook";
}
6.2 修改页面 updateBook.jsp
jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>修改书籍</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>修改书籍</h1>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${book.bookID}">
书籍名称:<input type="text" name="bookName" value="${book.bookName}"><br/>
书籍数量:<input type="text" name="bookCounts" value="${book.bookCounts}"><br/>
书籍描述:<input type="text" name="detail" value="${book.detail}"><br/>
<input type="submit" value="修改">
</form>
</body>
</html>
6.3 执行修改
// 修改书籍
@RequestMapping("/updateBook")
public String updateBook(Book book) {
bookService.updateBook(book);
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
7、SSM 整合:删除书籍功能
// 删除书籍
@RequestMapping("/deleteBook")
public String deleteBook(int id) {
bookService.deleteBookById(id);
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
8、SSM 整合:查询书籍(模糊搜索)
8.1 Controller
// 模糊查询
@RequestMapping("/queryBook")
public String queryBook(String queryBookName, Model model) {
List<Book> bookList = bookService.queryBookByName(queryBookName);
model.addAttribute("bookList", bookList);
return "bookList";
}
8.2 在 bookList.jsp 中添加搜索框
jsp
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/queryBook" method="post">
<input type="text" name="queryBookName" placeholder="输入书籍名称">
<input type="submit" value="搜索">
</form>
9、IDEA 部署 Tomcat 测试
- 配置 Tomcat 服务器
- 部署项目 war 包
- 启动访问:
http://localhost:8080/book/allBook