STM32 F103C8T6学习笔记20：SPI驱动W25Qxx

NULL指向我2026-05-17 13:18

之前还未用SPI驱动过W25Qxx，这里记录一下这个过程

提供测试代码，测试工程下载

目录

CubeMx配置：

接线：

代码：

spi_W25Qxx.c

spi_W25Qxx.h

功能测试代码：

测试结果：

w25Qxx型号分辨：

测试工程下载：

CubeMx配置：

有个CS使能脚要单独配置：


SPI的速率不能太高，其余保持原样：

接线：

代码：

spi_W25Qxx.c

cpp 复制代码 
#include "spi_W25Qxx.h"

SPI_HandleTypeDef hspi1;



/**
  * @brief  Initializes the W25Q128FV interface.
  * @retval None
  */
uint8_t BSP_W25Qx_Init(void)
{ 
	/* Reset W25Qxxx */
	BSP_W25Qx_Reset();
	
	return BSP_W25Qx_GetStatus();
}

/**
  * @brief  This function reset the W25Qx.
  * @retval None
  */
static void	BSP_W25Qx_Reset(void)
{
	uint8_t cmd[2] = {RESET_ENABLE_CMD,RESET_MEMORY_CMD};
	
	W25Qx_Enable();
	/* Send the reset command */
	HAL_SPI_Transmit(&hspi1, cmd, 2, W25Qx_TIMEOUT_VALUE);	
	W25Qx_Disable();

}

/**
  * @brief  Reads current status of the W25Q128FV.
  * @retval W25Q128FV memory status
  */
static uint8_t BSP_W25Qx_GetStatus(void)
{
	uint8_t cmd[] = {READ_STATUS_REG1_CMD};
	uint8_t status;
	
	W25Qx_Enable();
	/* Send the read status command */
	HAL_SPI_Transmit(&hspi1, cmd, 1, W25Qx_TIMEOUT_VALUE);	
	/* Reception of the data */
	HAL_SPI_Receive(&hspi1,&status, 1, W25Qx_TIMEOUT_VALUE);
	W25Qx_Disable();
	
	/* Check the value of the register */
  if((status & W25Q128FV_FSR_BUSY) != 0)
  {
    return W25Qx_BUSY;
  }
	else
	{
		return W25Qx_OK;
	}		
}

/**
  * @brief  This function send a Write Enable and wait it is effective.
  * @retval None
  */
uint8_t BSP_W25Qx_WriteEnable(void)
{
	uint8_t cmd[] = {WRITE_ENABLE_CMD};
	uint32_t tickstart = HAL_GetTick();

	/*Select the FLASH: Chip Select low */
	W25Qx_Enable();
	/* Send the read ID command */
	HAL_SPI_Transmit(&hspi1, cmd, 1, W25Qx_TIMEOUT_VALUE);	
	/*Deselect the FLASH: Chip Select high */
	W25Qx_Disable();
	
	/* Wait the end of Flash writing */
	while(BSP_W25Qx_GetStatus() == W25Qx_BUSY)
	{
		/* Check for the Timeout */
    if((HAL_GetTick() - tickstart) > W25Qx_TIMEOUT_VALUE)
    {        
			return W25Qx_TIMEOUT;
    }
	}
	
	return W25Qx_OK;
}

/**
  * @brief  Read Manufacture/Device ID.
	* @param  return value address
  * @retval None
  */
void BSP_W25Qx_Read_ID(uint8_t *ID)
{
	uint8_t cmd[4] = {READ_ID_CMD,0x00,0x00,0x00};
	
	W25Qx_Enable();
	/* Send the read ID command */
	HAL_SPI_Transmit(&hspi1, cmd, 4, W25Qx_TIMEOUT_VALUE);	
	/* Reception of the data */
	HAL_SPI_Receive(&hspi1,ID, 2, W25Qx_TIMEOUT_VALUE);
	W25Qx_Disable();
		
}

/**
  * @brief  Reads an amount of data from the QSPI memory.
  * @param  pData: Pointer to data to be read
  * @param  ReadAddr: Read start address
  * @param  Size: Size of data to read    
  * @retval QSPI memory status
  */
uint8_t BSP_W25Qx_Read(uint8_t* pData, uint32_t ReadAddr, uint32_t Size)
{
	uint8_t cmd[4];

	/* Configure the command */
	cmd[0] = READ_CMD;
	cmd[1] = (uint8_t)(ReadAddr >> 16);
	cmd[2] = (uint8_t)(ReadAddr >> 8);
	cmd[3] = (uint8_t)(ReadAddr);
	
	W25Qx_Enable();
	/* Send the read ID command */
	HAL_SPI_Transmit(&hspi1, cmd, 4, W25Qx_TIMEOUT_VALUE);	
	/* Reception of the data */
	if (HAL_SPI_Receive(&hspi1, pData,Size,W25Qx_TIMEOUT_VALUE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    return W25Qx_ERROR;
  }
	W25Qx_Disable();
	return W25Qx_OK;
}

/**
  * @brief  Writes an amount of data to the QSPI memory.
  * @param  pData: Pointer to data to be written
  * @param  WriteAddr: Write start address
  * @param  Size: Size of data to write,No more than 256byte.    
  * @retval QSPI memory status
  */
uint8_t BSP_W25Qx_Write(uint8_t* pData, uint32_t WriteAddr, uint32_t Size)
{
	uint8_t cmd[4];
	uint32_t end_addr, current_size, current_addr;
	uint32_t tickstart = HAL_GetTick();
	
	/* Calculation of the size between the write address and the end of the page */
  current_addr = 0;

  while (current_addr <= WriteAddr)
  {
    current_addr += W25Q128FV_PAGE_SIZE;
  }
  current_size = current_addr - WriteAddr;

  /* Check if the size of the data is less than the remaining place in the page */
  if (current_size > Size)
  {
    current_size = Size;
  }

  /* Initialize the adress variables */
  current_addr = WriteAddr;
  end_addr = WriteAddr + Size;
	
  /* Perform the write page by page */
  do
  {
		/* Configure the command */
		cmd[0] = PAGE_PROG_CMD;
		cmd[1] = (uint8_t)(current_addr >> 16);
		cmd[2] = (uint8_t)(current_addr >> 8);
		cmd[3] = (uint8_t)(current_addr);

		/* Enable write operations */
		BSP_W25Qx_WriteEnable();
	
		W25Qx_Enable();
    /* Send the command */
    if (HAL_SPI_Transmit(&hspi1,cmd, 4, W25Qx_TIMEOUT_VALUE) != HAL_OK)
    {
      return W25Qx_ERROR;
    }
    
    /* Transmission of the data */
    if (HAL_SPI_Transmit(&hspi1, pData,current_size, W25Qx_TIMEOUT_VALUE) != HAL_OK)
    {
      return W25Qx_ERROR;
    }
			W25Qx_Disable();
    	/* Wait the end of Flash writing */
		while(BSP_W25Qx_GetStatus() == W25Qx_BUSY)
		{
			/* Check for the Timeout */
			if((HAL_GetTick() - tickstart) > W25Qx_TIMEOUT_VALUE)
			{        
				return W25Qx_TIMEOUT;
			}
		}
    
    /* Update the address and size variables for next page programming */
    current_addr += current_size;
    pData += current_size;
    current_size = ((current_addr + W25Q128FV_PAGE_SIZE) > end_addr) ? (end_addr - current_addr) : W25Q128FV_PAGE_SIZE;
  } while (current_addr < end_addr);

	
	return W25Qx_OK;
}

/**
  * @brief  Erases the specified block of the QSPI memory. 
  * @param  BlockAddress: Block address to erase  
  * @retval QSPI memory status
  */
uint8_t BSP_W25Qx_Erase_Block(uint32_t Address)
{
	uint8_t cmd[4];
	uint32_t tickstart = HAL_GetTick();
	cmd[0] = SECTOR_ERASE_CMD;
	cmd[1] = (uint8_t)(Address >> 16);
	cmd[2] = (uint8_t)(Address >> 8);
	cmd[3] = (uint8_t)(Address);
	
	/* Enable write operations */
	BSP_W25Qx_WriteEnable();
	
	/*Select the FLASH: Chip Select low */
	W25Qx_Enable();
	/* Send the read ID command */
	HAL_SPI_Transmit(&hspi1, cmd, 4, W25Qx_TIMEOUT_VALUE);	
	/*Deselect the FLASH: Chip Select high */
	W25Qx_Disable();
	
	/* Wait the end of Flash writing */
	while(BSP_W25Qx_GetStatus() == W25Qx_BUSY)
	{
		/* Check for the Timeout */
    if((HAL_GetTick() - tickstart) > W25Q128FV_SECTOR_ERASE_MAX_TIME)
    {        
			return W25Qx_TIMEOUT;
    }
	}
	return W25Qx_OK;
}

/**
  * @brief  Erases the entire QSPI memory.This function will take a very long time.
  * @retval QSPI memory status
  */
uint8_t BSP_W25Qx_Erase_Chip(void)
{
	uint8_t cmd[4];
	uint32_t tickstart = HAL_GetTick();
	cmd[0] = SECTOR_ERASE_CMD;
	
	/* Enable write operations */
	BSP_W25Qx_WriteEnable();
	
	/*Select the FLASH: Chip Select low */
	W25Qx_Enable();
	/* Send the read ID command */
	HAL_SPI_Transmit(&hspi1, cmd, 1, W25Qx_TIMEOUT_VALUE);	
	/*Deselect the FLASH: Chip Select high */
	W25Qx_Disable();
	
	/* Wait the end of Flash writing */
	while(BSP_W25Qx_GetStatus() != W25Qx_BUSY)
	{
		/* Check for the Timeout */
    if((HAL_GetTick() - tickstart) > W25Q128FV_BULK_ERASE_MAX_TIME)
    {        
			return W25Qx_TIMEOUT;
    }
	}
	return W25Qx_OK;
}

spi_W25Qxx.h

cpp 复制代码 
#ifndef __spi_W25Qxx_H__
#define __spi_W25Qxx_H__

#include "stm32f1xx_hal.h"
#include "Uart.h"
#include "string.h"
/*
 * 硬件连接 ----------------------------
 *         | PA4-SPI1-NSS  : W25X16-CS  |
 *         | PA5-SPI1-SCK  : W25X16-CLK |
 *         | PA6-SPI1-MISO : W25X16-DO  |
 *         | PA7-SPI1-MOSI : W25X16-DIO |
 *          ----------------------------
 */
extern SPI_HandleTypeDef hspi1;


#ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
#endif 

/** 
  * @brief  W25Q128FV Configuration  
  */  
#define W25Q128FV_FLASH_SIZE                  0x1000000 /* 128 MBits => 16MBytes */
#define W25Q128FV_SECTOR_SIZE                 0x10000   /* 256 sectors of 64KBytes */
#define W25Q128FV_SUBSECTOR_SIZE              0x1000    /* 4096 subsectors of 4kBytes */
#define W25Q128FV_PAGE_SIZE                   0x100     /* 65536 pages of 256 bytes */

#define W25Q128FV_DUMMY_CYCLES_READ           4
#define W25Q128FV_DUMMY_CYCLES_READ_QUAD      10

#define W25Q128FV_BULK_ERASE_MAX_TIME         250000
#define W25Q128FV_SECTOR_ERASE_MAX_TIME       3000
#define W25Q128FV_SUBSECTOR_ERASE_MAX_TIME    800
#define W25Qx_TIMEOUT_VALUE 1000

/** 
  * @brief  W25Q128FV Commands  
  */  
/* Reset Operations */
#define RESET_ENABLE_CMD                     0x66
#define RESET_MEMORY_CMD                     0x99

#define ENTER_QPI_MODE_CMD                   0x38
#define EXIT_QPI_MODE_CMD                    0xFF

/* Identification Operations */
#define READ_ID_CMD                          0x90
#define DUAL_READ_ID_CMD                     0x92
#define QUAD_READ_ID_CMD                     0x94
#define READ_JEDEC_ID_CMD                    0x9F

/* Read Operations */
#define READ_CMD                             0x03
#define FAST_READ_CMD                        0x0B
#define DUAL_OUT_FAST_READ_CMD               0x3B
#define DUAL_INOUT_FAST_READ_CMD             0xBB
#define QUAD_OUT_FAST_READ_CMD               0x6B
#define QUAD_INOUT_FAST_READ_CMD             0xEB

/* Write Operations */
#define WRITE_ENABLE_CMD                     0x06
#define WRITE_DISABLE_CMD                    0x04

/* Register Operations */
#define READ_STATUS_REG1_CMD                  0x05
#define READ_STATUS_REG2_CMD                  0x35
#define READ_STATUS_REG3_CMD                  0x15

#define WRITE_STATUS_REG1_CMD                 0x01
#define WRITE_STATUS_REG2_CMD                 0x31
#define WRITE_STATUS_REG3_CMD                 0x11


/* Program Operations */
#define PAGE_PROG_CMD                        0x02
#define QUAD_INPUT_PAGE_PROG_CMD             0x32


/* Erase Operations */
#define SECTOR_ERASE_CMD                     0x20
#define CHIP_ERASE_CMD                       0xC7

#define PROG_ERASE_RESUME_CMD                0x7A
#define PROG_ERASE_SUSPEND_CMD               0x75


/* Flag Status Register */
#define W25Q128FV_FSR_BUSY                    ((uint8_t)0x01)    /*!< busy */
#define W25Q128FV_FSR_WREN                    ((uint8_t)0x02)    /*!< write enable */
#define W25Q128FV_FSR_QE                      ((uint8_t)0x02)    /*!< quad enable */

#define CS_Pin GPIO_PIN_4
#define CS_GPIO_Port GPIOA
#define W25Qx_Enable() 			HAL_GPIO_WritePin(CS_GPIO_Port, CS_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET)
#define W25Qx_Disable() 		HAL_GPIO_WritePin(CS_GPIO_Port, CS_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET)

#define W25Qx_OK            ((uint8_t)0x00)
#define W25Qx_ERROR         ((uint8_t)0x01)
#define W25Qx_BUSY          ((uint8_t)0x02)
#define W25Qx_TIMEOUT				((uint8_t)0x03)


uint8_t BSP_W25Qx_Init(void);
static void	BSP_W25Qx_Reset(void);
static uint8_t BSP_W25Qx_GetStatus(void);
uint8_t BSP_W25Qx_WriteEnable(void);
void BSP_W25Qx_Read_ID(uint8_t *ID);
uint8_t BSP_W25Qx_Read(uint8_t* pData, uint32_t ReadAddr, uint32_t Size);
uint8_t BSP_W25Qx_Write(uint8_t* pData, uint32_t WriteAddr, uint32_t Size);
uint8_t BSP_W25Qx_Erase_Block(uint32_t Address);
uint8_t BSP_W25Qx_Erase_Chip(void);

/**
  * @}
  */
  
/** @defgroup W25Q128FV_Exported_Functions
  * @{
  */ 
/**
  * @}
  */ 
      
/**
  * @}
  */ 

/**
  * @}
  */ 

/**
  * @}
  */
  
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif

#endif /* __W25Qx_H */

功能测试代码：

这是放在主函数的功能测试代码：

这段是全局变量

cpp 复制代码 
uint8_t wData[0x100]={0x01,0x02,0x03};
uint8_t rData[0x100];
uint8_t ID[4]={0x22,0x22};
uint32_t i;

这段放开机初始化执行一次就行

cpp 复制代码 
printf_uart1("\r\n SPI-W25Qxxx Example \r\n\r\n");

	/*##-1- Read the device ID  ########################*/ 
	BSP_W25Qx_Init();
	BSP_W25Qx_Read_ID(ID);
	printf_uart1("W25Qxxx ID is : ");
	for(i=0;i<2;i++)
	{
		printf_uart1("0x%02X ",ID[i]);
	}
	printf_uart1("\r\n\r\n");
	
	/*##-2- Erase Block ##################################*/ 
	if(BSP_W25Qx_Erase_Block(0) == W25Qx_OK)
		printf_uart1(" QSPI Erase Block ok\r\n");
	else
		Error_Handler();
	
	/*##-2- Written to the flash ########################*/ 
	/* fill buffer */
	for(i =0;i<0x100;i ++)
	{
			wData[i] = i;
		  rData[i] = 0;
	}
	
	if(BSP_W25Qx_Write(wData,0x00,0x100)== W25Qx_OK)
		printf_uart1(" QSPI Write ok\r\n");
	else
		Error_Handler();

	/*##-3- Read the flash     ########################*/ 
	if(BSP_W25Qx_Read(rData,0x00,0x100)== W25Qx_OK)
		printf_uart1(" QSPI Read ok\r\n\r\n");
	else
		Error_Handler();
	
	printf_uart1("QSPI Read Data : \r\n");
	for(i =0;i<0x100;i++)
		printf_uart1("0x%02X  ",rData[i]);
	printf_uart1("\r\n\r\n");
	
	/*##-4- check date          ########################*/ 	
	if(memcmp(wData,rData,0x100) == 0 ) 
		printf_uart1(" W25Q128FV QuadSPI Test OK\r\n");
	else
		printf_uart1(" W25Q128FV QuadSPI Test False\r\n");

测试结果：

下载后单片机直接复位开机就行

w25Qxx型号分辨：


测试工程下载：

STM32F103C8T6学习笔记20：SPI驱动W25Qxx资源-CSDN下载

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