auto-connect remote ssh server

auto connect remote ssh server

环境条件

本地: windows10

远程: ubuntu

本地vscode通过remote ssh方式连接到远程Ubuntu。

需求

vscode通过remote ssh连接到远程Ubuntu时，自动登录，无需手动输入密码

solution

To automatically connect to your Ubuntu 22.04 remote machine from VS Code on Windows 10 without entering your password every time, you can set up SSH key-based authentication and configure an SSH config file.

Here is the step-by-step process using PowerShell.

Step 1: Generate an SSH Key Pair on Windows 10

If you do not already have an SSH key, you can generate one using PowerShell.

Open PowerShell on your Windows 10 machine.
Run the following command to generate a modern, secure ED25519 key pair:
powershell 复制代码
```
ssh-keygen -t ed25519
```
Press Enter to accept the default file location (C:\Users\YourUsername\.ssh\id_ed25519).
When prompted for a passphrase, press Enter twice to leave it empty. (Leaving it empty allows for fully automatic login, though it means anyone with access to your Windows user account can connect to the remote machine).

Step 2: Copy the Public Key to your Ubuntu Remote

You need to add your Windows public key to the remote Ubuntu machine's authorized list.

In PowerShell, read the content of your public key:
powershell 复制代码
```
Get-Content "$env:USERPROFILE\.ssh\id_ed25519.pub"
```
Copy the outputted text (it should start with ssh-ed25519 and end with your Windows username/host).
Connect to your Ubuntu machine one last time using your password (either via VS Code terminal or a standard terminal).
On the Ubuntu machine, open or create the authorized_keys file:
bash 复制代码
```
mkdir -p ~/.ssh
nano ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
```
Paste your copied public key onto a new line in this file.
Save and exit (in nano, press Ctrl+O, Enter, then Ctrl+X).
Set the correct permissions on the Ubuntu machine to ensure SSH accepts the key:
bash 复制代码
```
chmod 700 ~/.ssh
chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
```

Step 3: Configure the SSH Config File on Windows

To save your connection details (like IP, username, and key path) so VS Code remembers them:

In PowerShell on Windows, open or create your local SSH config file:
powershell 复制代码
```
notepad "$env:USERPROFILE\.ssh\config"
```
Add the following configuration, replacing the placeholders with your actual remote details:
text 复制代码
```
Host my-ubuntu-server
    HostName 192.168.1.100
    User your_ubuntu_username
    IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_ed25519
```
(Replace my-ubuntu-server with any nickname you prefer, 192.168.1.100 with your Ubuntu IP address, and your_ubuntu_username with your actual username on Ubuntu).
Save and close the file.

Step 4: Connect via VS Code

Open VS Code on your Windows machine.
Ensure you have the Remote - SSH extension installed.
Click the Remote Window icon in the bottom-left corner of VS Code (the green or blue >< icon), or press Ctrl + Shift + P and type Remote-SSH: Connect to Host....
Select my-ubuntu-server (the nickname you set in Step 3) from the list.
VS Code should open a new window and connect to your Ubuntu machine automatically without prompting for a password.