修改Docker Engine 存储路径

概述

最近安装docker，想着把存储镜像和数据的默认路径放在磁盘空间更大的分区，结果发现镜像存储路径死活改不过来。问了AI，AI非说我装的不对。一气之下，翻开官方文档读了一遍，然后把文档扔给AI，骂了一顿。

文档

containerd image store with Docker Engine

Configure the data directory location

结论

docker engine 29+的版本修改了镜像存储配置。镜像与数据存储拆分开，单独配置
如果使用overlay2 (the default for upgraded installations)，镜像仍然默认存储在/var/lib/docker

配置

元数据默认路径：默认/var/lib/docker

配置文件： /etc/docker/daemon.json
自定义配置：例如 "data-root": "/public/docker/var/lib/docker"）

镜像与容器快照默认路径：默认/var/lib/containerd

配置文件： /etc/containerd/config.toml
显示指定配置格式（不建议启用）： version = 2 （注意，如果打开，需要插件使用完整URL格式 io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri）
自定义配置：例如root = "/public/docker/var/lib/containerd"

存储域	配置项	默认路径	管理内容
Docker 守护进程元数据	`data-root`	`/var/lib/docker`	卷（Volumes）、网络配置、插件、服务定义等
镜像与容器快照	`containerd.root`	`/var/lib/containerd`	镜像层（Layers）、容器运行时快照

注意：修改自定配置后，需要重启生效

修改后的config.toml

bash 复制代码

croot@xunku:~# cat /etc/containerd/config.toml
#   Copyright 2018-2022 Docker Inc.

#   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
#   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
#   You may obtain a copy of the License at

#       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

#   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
#   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
#   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
#   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
#   limitations under the License.

disabled_plugins = ["cri"]
#disabled_plugins = ["io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri"]

#root = "/var/lib/containerd"
#version = 2
root = "/public/docker/var/lib/containerd"
#state = "/run/containerd"
#subreaper = true
#oom_score = 0

#[grpc]
#  address = "/run/containerd/containerd.sock"
#  uid = 0
#  gid = 0

#[debug]
#  address = "/run/containerd/debug.sock"
#  uid = 0
#  gid = 0
#  level = "info"

修改元数据默认路径，生效

加载配置

bash 复制代码

systemctl daemon-reload

重启docker服务

bash 复制代码

systemctl restart docker

修改镜像与容器快照默认路径，生效

停止docker服务

bash 复制代码

systemctl stop docker

bash 复制代码

rsync -av /var/lib/containerd/ 新目录/containerd/

启动docker服务

bash 复制代码

systemctl start docker