Pygame 小游戏------一笔画挑战
项目概述
本文通过 Pygame 实现一个一笔画益智游戏（One Stroke Puzzle）。
玩家需要在网格上找到一条不重复的路径，一笔连通所有合法圆点，同时避开红色障碍点。其中：
- 鼠标点击操控：左键点击相邻圆点延伸路径，右键或 Ctrl+Z 撤销上一步，操作简洁直观。
- 八关卡设计：5 个入门关 + 3 个中级关，每关均预存经过验证的合法解法，保证 100% 可解。
- 答案演示系统：卡关时可一键查看动画解法演示，每 0.25 秒自动走一步，兼具教学与观赏性。
- 路径可视化：已走路径以发光连线和渐变圆点实时展示，起点、当前位置、已访问节点各有专属颜色。
- 键盘快捷键：R 重置、Backspace/右键撤销、N 下一关、P 上一关、ESC 退出。
游戏实现
初始化与基础设置
游戏启动时初始化 Pygame，定义窗口尺寸和全局常量。
python
pygame.init()
W, H = 600, 680
FPS = 60窗口尺寸 600×680，竖向略长以容纳底部按钮区域。帧率锁定 60FPS，保证动画演示和粒子效果的流畅度。
颜色定义
python
C_BG = (8, 5, 20)
C_DOT = (200, 220, 255)
C_DOT_EMPTY= (100, 110, 140)
C_DOT_PATH = (80, 220, 255)
C_DOT_START= (120, 255, 150)
C_BLOCK = (255, 80, 120)
C_LINE = (100, 200, 255)
C_SUCCESS = (120, 255, 150)
C_STAR = (255, 240, 100)整体延续深色宇宙风格：接近纯黑的深蓝背景搭配高对比色系。圆点状态通过颜色分层传达：未访问点为暗灰蓝色（C_DOT_EMPTY），路径上的点为亮蓝色（C_DOT_PATH），起始点为绿色（C_DOT_START），障碍点以红色（C_BLOCK）警示。绿色同时承担"成功"语义，贯穿按钮、通关弹窗和粒子效果，形成一致的视觉反馈。
关卡数据结构
python
LEVELS = [
{'name': '入门 1', 'rows': 3, 'cols': 3, 'blocks': [(1, 1)],
'solution': [(0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2), (1, 2), (2, 2), (2, 1), (2, 0), (1, 0)]},
{'name': '入门 2', 'rows': 3, 'cols': 4, 'blocks': [(1, 3)],
'solution': [(0, 3), (0, 2), (0, 1), (0, 0), (1, 0), (2, 0), (2, 1), (1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 2), (2, 3)]},
# ... 共 8 关
]每个关卡用字典描述四个要素：网格行列数（rows、cols）、障碍点坐标列表（blocks）、以及预存的合法解法路径（solution）。解法以 (row, col) 元组序列存储，保证每一步都是相邻移动（曼哈顿距离为 1）、不经过障碍点、且覆盖所有合法格子。
关卡设计遵循渐进原则：入门关从 3×3 单障碍起步，逐步增大网格至 5×5 并增加障碍数量；中级关引入 5×6 和 6×6 网格，障碍点增至 4--5 个，路径规划的复杂度显著提升。
粒子系统
python
class Particle:
def __init__(self, x, y, color=(255, 255, 255)):
self.x, self.y = x, y
a = random.uniform(0, math.pi * 2)
s = random.uniform(1, 4)
self.vx, self.vy = math.cos(a) * s, math.sin(a) * s
self.life = 1.0
self.color = color
self.r = random.randint(1, 3)
def update(self):
self.x += self.vx
self.y += self.vy
self.vx *= 0.92
self.vy *= 0.92
self.life -= 0.03
return self.life > 0粒子初速度方向在整个圆周上均匀随机分布（全向爆炸感），速度大小 1--4px/帧。每帧对速度分量乘以摩擦系数 0.92，模拟空气阻力使粒子自然减速。life 约 33 帧（0.55 秒）归零，同步控制透明度淡出。
粒子在两个场景触发：通关时在所有路径点上一次性生成 60 颗绿色粒子形成满屏庆祝；答案演示时每走一步生成 8 颗粒子标记进度。
python
# 通关庆祝
for _ in range(60):
r, c = random.choice(self.path)
x, y = self.get_dot_pos(r, c)
self.particles.append(Particle(x, y, C_SUCCESS))星空背景
python
STARS = [(random.randint(0, W), random.randint(0, H), random.random() * 2 + 1) for _ in range(80)]
def draw_stars(surf, t):
for sx, sy, sr in STARS:
a = int((math.sin(t * 0.02 + sx) * 0.5 + 0.5) * 180 + 60)
pygame.draw.circle(surf, (a, a, a), (sx, sy), int(sr))80 颗星点在初始化时一次性随机生成并固定位置，运行时零额外内存分配。亮度以 math.sin(t*0.02 + sx) 随帧数缓慢变化，每颗星的 sx 坐标作为相位偏移，使星点彼此错开闪烁节奏而非同步明灭。亮度映射到 60--240 区间，避免全灭或过曝，为益智游戏营造沉静的宇宙氛围。
网格布局与自适应
python
margin = 60
available_w = W - 2 * margin
available_h = H - 2 * margin - 80
cell_size = min(available_w // self.cols, available_h // self.rows)
self.cell_size = max(40, cell_size)
grid_w = self.cell_size * self.cols
grid_h = self.cell_size * self.rows
self.offset_x = (W - grid_w) // 2
self.offset_y = (H - grid_h - 80) // 2 + 40网格布局自动适配不同关卡的行列数。先在留出 60px 边距和底部 80px 按钮区后计算可用空间，取行列方向的较小值作为格子尺寸（保证不溢出），下限 40px 确保最小网格仍可操作。最终通过 offset_x 和 offset_y 将网格居中放置，无论 3×3 还是 6×6 都能合理填充画面。
核心交互逻辑
点击检测
python
def get_clicked_dot(self, pos):
mx, my = pos
for row in range(self.rows):
for col in range(self.cols):
if self.grid[row][col] == 1:
continue
x, y = self.get_dot_pos(row, col)
if math.hypot(mx - x, my - y) < self.cell_size // 2:
return row, col
return None遍历所有非障碍格子，用 math.hypot 计算鼠标到圆点中心的欧几里得距离。判定半径为 cell_size // 2，即每个格子的一半，保证相邻格子的点击区域不重叠。障碍格子（grid[row][col] == 1）直接跳过，不可选中。
移动合法性验证
python
def can_move(self, to_pos):
if not self.path:
return True
fr, fc = self.path[-1]
tr, tc = to_pos
if abs(fr - tr) + abs(fc - tc) != 1:
return False
if to_pos in self.path:
return False
return True移动合法需满足两个条件：目标点与当前路径末端的曼哈顿距离恰好为 1（即上下左右相邻，不允许对角线或跳跃）；目标点不在已有路径中（不可重复访问）。若路径为空则任意合法点均可作为起点，给予玩家选择起点的自由度。
通关判定
python
def check_complete(self):
total_dots = self.rows * self.cols - len(self.blocks)
if len(self.path) == total_dots and not self.level_complete:
self.level_complete = True
self.completed_levels = max(self.completed_levels, self.current_level + 1)通关条件清晰：路径长度等于网格总格数减去障碍数，即所有合法格子都被恰好访问一次。completed_levels 取历史最大值，跨关卡保留进度。
答案演示系统
python
def show_solution(self):
if self.level_complete:
return
level_data = LEVELS[self.current_level]
if 'solution' in level_data:
self.path = []
self.full_solution_path = level_data['solution']
self.current_solution_step = 0
self.solution_step_timer = 0
self.is_showing_solution = True演示系统的设计重点是零延迟启动：直接读取预存解法序列，无需运行时计算，避免复杂关卡求解导致的卡顿。启动时先清空当前路径，再逐步回放。
演示动画更新
python
if self.is_showing_solution and self.full_solution_path:
self.solution_step_timer += 1
if self.solution_step_timer >= 15:
self.solution_step_timer = 0
if self.current_solution_step < len(self.full_solution_path):
next_pos = self.full_solution_path[self.current_solution_step]
self.path.append(next_pos)
self.current_solution_step += 1每 15 帧（60FPS 下约 0.25 秒）自动走一步，节奏适中------既能让玩家看清每步走向，又不至于等待过久。每步伴随 8 颗绿色粒子标记当前位置，最后一步完成时自动触发 check_complete() 进入通关状态。
路径渲染
连线与发光
python
if len(self.path) > 1:
points = [self.get_dot_pos(r, c) for r, c in self.path]
pygame.draw.lines(self.screen, C_LINE, False, points, 2)
glow_surf = pygame.Surface((W, H), pygame.SRCALPHA)
pygame.draw.lines(glow_surf, (*C_LINE, 80), False, points, 6)
self.screen.blit(glow_surf, (0, 0))路径绘制采用双层结构：底层是 6px 宽、alpha=80 的半透明蓝色发光线，上层叠加 2px 实色线。发光效果通过独立 SRCALPHA Surface 实现，避免影响其他图层的透明度。False 参数表示不闭合路径（非环形）。
圆点状态分层
python
if is_current:
radius, color = base_r + 3, C_DOT_START
elif is_start:
radius, color = base_r + 2, C_SUCCESS
elif in_path:
radius, color = base_r + 1, C_DOT_PATH
else:
radius, color = base_r, C_DOT_EMPTY四种状态通过半径和颜色双重区分：当前位置最大（base_r+3）且为绿色，起点次之，路径上的点稍大于未访问点。路径上的点额外叠加半透明光晕（alpha=60），使已走路径在视觉上自然突出。障碍点以红色填充并带有浅粉色描边，与可用点形成鲜明对比。
步骤序号标注
python
if self.is_showing_solution or self.level_complete:
for idx, (r, c) in enumerate(self.path):
x, y = self.get_dot_pos(r, c)
num_text = str(idx + 1)
num_surf = FONT_XS.render(num_text, True, C_BG)
self.screen.blit(num_surf, num_surf.get_rect(center=(x, y)))在答案演示和通关状态下，每个路径点中心叠加深色序号文字（从 1 开始），帮助玩家理解解法的步骤顺序。文字颜色选用背景色（C_BG），在浅色圆点上形成高对比度，同时不引入新色彩以保持画面整洁。
绘制层次
绘制顺序为：星空背景 → 路径连线（含发光层）→ 网格圆点（障碍/空/路径/当前）→ 步骤序号 → 粒子效果 → UI（关卡信息/进度/快捷键提示/功能按钮）→ 通关遮罩弹窗。严格保证层次正确，路径线在圆点之下避免遮挡判定区域，粒子在圆点之上增强视觉反馈，UI 文字始终处于最顶层。
功能按钮
python
btn_rect = pygame.Rect(W - 150, H - 60, 130, 40)
mouse_pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
is_hover = btn_rect.collidepoint(mouse_pos)
btn_color = C_BTN_HOVER if is_hover else C_SUCCESS
pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, btn_color, btn_rect, border_radius=8)右下角多功能按钮根据游戏状态自动切换文案和行为：默认显示"💡 显示答案"，演示中变为"⏹ 停止演示"，通关后变为"▶ 下一关"。按钮支持鼠标悬停高亮（C_BTN_HOVER），8px 圆角使外观柔和。
通关弹窗
python
if self.level_complete:
overlay = pygame.Surface((W, H), pygame.SRCALPHA)
overlay.fill((0, 0, 0, 160))
self.screen.blit(overlay, (0, 0))
texts = [
(FONT_LG, "✓ 挑战成功!", C_SUCCESS, -50),
(FONT_MD, f"完美使用 {len(self.path)} 步", C_TEXT, 10),
(FONT_SM, "点击右下角按钮继续", C_GREY, 60),
]半透明黑色遮罩（alpha=160）叠加在完整游戏画面之上，让玩家在结算界面仍能看到自己走出的完整路径。弹窗以深色圆角矩形承载三行信息：通关标题（绿色）、步数统计、操作提示，与路径上的步骤序号形成完整的结算回顾。
事件处理
python
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
if event.button == 1:
btn_rect = pygame.Rect(W - 150, H - 60, 130, 40)
if btn_rect.collidepoint(event.pos):
if self.level_complete:
self.next_level()
elif self.is_showing_solution:
self.reset()
else:
self.show_solution()
elif not self.level_complete and not self.is_showing_solution:
pos = self.get_clicked_dot(event.pos)
if pos:
self.move_to(pos)
elif event.button == 3:
self.undo()事件处理优先级清晰：左键先判断是否点击按钮区域，再处理网格点击；右键直接触发撤销。通关和演示状态下网格点击被禁用，防止误操作。键盘快捷键提供完整的操作覆盖，Ctrl+Z 和 Backspace 双重撤销适配不同用户习惯，R 一键重置、N/P 切关。
主循环
python
def run(self):
running = True
while running:
running = self.handle_events()
self.update()
self.draw()
self.clock.tick(FPS)
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()主循环采用经典的「事件处理 → 状态更新 → 画面绘制」三段式结构。handle_events() 返回布尔值控制循环退出，clock.tick(FPS) 锁定 60 帧确保动画一致性。整个游戏逻辑封装在 OneStrokeGame 类中，状态管理清晰，关卡切换只需调用 load_level() 即可完成全部重置。
全部代码
python
import pygame
import sys
import random
import math
pygame.init()
# ── 常量和颜色 ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
W, H = 600, 680
FPS = 60
C_BG = (8, 5, 20)
C_DOT = (200, 220, 255)
C_DOT_EMPTY = (100, 110, 140)
C_DOT_PATH = (80, 220, 255)
C_DOT_START = (120, 255, 150)
C_BLOCK = (255, 80, 120)
C_LINE = (100, 200, 255)
C_TEXT = (220, 220, 255)
C_GREY = (100, 100, 140)
C_SUCCESS = (120, 255, 150)
C_STAR = (255, 240, 100)
C_BTN_HOVER = (140, 255, 170)
# 中文字体
CHINESE_FONT_PATH = r"C:/Windows/Fonts/simsun.ttc"
try:
FONT_LG = pygame.font.Font(CHINESE_FONT_PATH, 32)
FONT_MD = pygame.font.Font(CHINESE_FONT_PATH, 20)
FONT_SM = pygame.font.Font(CHINESE_FONT_PATH, 15)
FONT_XS = pygame.font.Font(CHINESE_FONT_PATH, 12)
except:
FONT_LG = pygame.font.SysFont("microsoftyahei", 32)
FONT_MD = pygame.font.SysFont("microsoftyahei", 20)
FONT_SM = pygame.font.SysFont("microsoftyahei", 15)
FONT_XS = pygame.font.SysFont("microsoftyahei", 12)
# ── 关卡设计
LEVELS = [
{'name': '入门 1', 'rows': 3, 'cols': 3, 'blocks': [(1, 1)],
'solution': [(0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2), (1, 2), (2, 2), (2, 1), (2, 0), (1, 0)]},
{'name': '入门 2', 'rows': 3, 'cols': 4, 'blocks': [(1, 3)],
'solution': [(0, 3), (0, 2), (0, 1), (0, 0), (1, 0), (2, 0), (2, 1), (1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 2), (2, 3)]},
{'name': '入门 3', 'rows': 4, 'cols': 4, 'blocks': [(2, 2), (2, 1)],
'solution': [(0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2), (1, 2), (1, 1), (1, 0), (2, 0), (3, 0), (3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (2, 3),
(1, 3), (0, 3)]},
{'name': '入门 4', 'rows': 4, 'cols': 5, 'blocks': [(0, 3), (0, 2), (2, 3)],
'solution': [(0, 4), (1, 4), (1, 3), (1, 2), (1, 1), (0, 1), (0, 0), (1, 0), (2, 0), (3, 0), (3, 1), (2, 1),
(2, 2), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4), (2, 4)]},
{'name': '入门 5', 'rows': 5, 'cols': 5, 'blocks': [(1, 3), (3, 2), (0, 2), (3, 3)],
'solution': [(0, 3), (0, 4), (1, 4), (2, 4), (2, 3), (2, 2), (1, 2), (1, 1), (0, 1), (0, 0), (1, 0), (2, 0),
(2, 1), (3, 1), (3, 0), (4, 0), (4, 1), (4, 2), (4, 3), (4, 4), (3, 4)]},
{'name': '中级 1', 'rows': 5, 'cols': 6, 'blocks': [(3, 3), (2, 5), (3, 4), (1, 3)],
'solution': [(0, 1), (0, 0), (1, 0), (1, 1), (1, 2), (0, 2), (0, 3), (0, 4), (0, 5), (1, 5), (1, 4), (2, 4),
(2, 3), (2, 2), (2, 1), (2, 0), (3, 0), (4, 0), (4, 1), (3, 1), (3, 2), (4, 2), (4, 3), (4, 4),
(4, 5), (3, 5)]},
{'name': '中级 2', 'rows': 5, 'cols': 6, 'blocks': [(1, 4), (4, 2), (3, 0), (0, 2), (3, 2)],
'solution': [(4, 0), (4, 1), (3, 1), (2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (3, 4), (3, 3), (4, 3), (4, 4), (4, 5),
(3, 5), (2, 5), (1, 5), (0, 5), (0, 4), (0, 3), (1, 3), (1, 2), (1, 1), (0, 1), (0, 0), (1, 0),
(2, 0)]},
{'name': '中级 3', 'rows': 6, 'cols': 6, 'blocks': [(5, 4), (4, 4), (3, 0), (2, 0), (1, 2)],
'solution': [(5, 5), (4, 5), (3, 5), (3, 4), (3, 3), (3, 2), (4, 2), (4, 3), (5, 3), (5, 2), (5, 1), (5, 0),
(4, 0), (4, 1), (3, 1), (2, 1), (1, 1), (1, 0), (0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2), (0, 3), (0, 4), (0, 5),
(1, 5), (2, 5), (2, 4), (1, 4), (1, 3), (2, 3), (2, 2)]},
]
# ── 粒子效果 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
class Particle:
def __init__(self, x, y, color=(255, 255, 255)):
self.x, self.y = x, y
a = random.uniform(0, math.pi * 2)
s = random.uniform(1, 4)
self.vx, self.vy = math.cos(a) * s, math.sin(a) * s
self.life = 1.0
self.color = color
self.r = random.randint(1, 3)
def update(self):
self.x += self.vx
self.y += self.vy
self.vx *= 0.92
self.vy *= 0.92
self.life -= 0.03
return self.life > 0
def draw(self, surf):
a = int(self.life * 255)
s = pygame.Surface((self.r * 2 + 1, self.r * 2 + 1), pygame.SRCALPHA)
pygame.draw.circle(s, (*self.color, a), (self.r, self.r), self.r)
surf.blit(s, (int(self.x) - self.r, int(self.y) - self.r))
# ── 星星背景 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
STARS = [(random.randint(0, W), random.randint(0, H), random.random() * 2 + 1) for _ in range(80)]
def draw_stars(surf, t):
for sx, sy, sr in STARS:
a = int((math.sin(t * 0.02 + sx) * 0.5 + 0.5) * 180 + 60)
pygame.draw.circle(surf, (a, a, a), (sx, sy), int(sr))
# ── 游戏主类 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
class OneStrokeGame:
def __init__(self):
self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((W, H))
pygame.display.set_caption("一笔画挑战")
self.clock = pygame.time.Clock()
self.current_level = 0
self.grid = []
self.path = []
self.particles = []
self.frame = 0
self.level_complete = False
self.completed_levels = 0
# 答案演示相关状态
self.is_showing_solution = False
self.full_solution_path = []
self.current_solution_step = 0
self.solution_step_timer = 0
self.load_level(0)
def load_level(self, level_idx):
if level_idx >= len(LEVELS):
level_idx = 0
self.current_level = level_idx
level_data = LEVELS[level_idx]
self.rows = level_data['rows']
self.cols = level_data['cols']
self.blocks = level_data['blocks']
margin = 60
available_w = W - 2 * margin
available_h = H - 2 * margin - 80
cell_size = min(available_w // self.cols, available_h // self.rows)
self.cell_size = max(40, cell_size)
grid_w = self.cell_size * self.cols
grid_h = self.cell_size * self.rows
self.offset_x = (W - grid_w) // 2
self.offset_y = (H - grid_h - 80) // 2 + 40
self.grid = [[0 for _ in range(self.cols)] for _ in range(self.rows)]
for br, bc in self.blocks:
self.grid[br][bc] = 1
self.path = []
self.level_complete = False
self.is_showing_solution = False
self.full_solution_path = []
self.current_solution_step = 0
self.solution_step_timer = 0
self.particles.clear()
def get_dot_pos(self, row, col):
x = self.offset_x + col * self.cell_size + self.cell_size // 2
y = self.offset_y + row * self.cell_size + self.cell_size // 2
return x, y
def get_clicked_dot(self, pos):
mx, my = pos
for row in range(self.rows):
for col in range(self.cols):
if self.grid[row][col] == 1:
continue
x, y = self.get_dot_pos(row, col)
if math.hypot(mx - x, my - y) < self.cell_size // 2:
return row, col
return None
def can_move(self, to_pos):
if not self.path:
return True
fr, fc = self.path[-1]
tr, tc = to_pos
if abs(fr - tr) + abs(fc - tc) != 1:
return False
if to_pos in self.path:
return False
return True
def move_to(self, pos):
if self.level_complete or self.is_showing_solution:
return
if self.can_move(pos):
self.path.append(pos)
self.check_complete()
def check_complete(self):
total_dots = self.rows * self.cols - len(self.blocks)
if len(self.path) == total_dots and not self.level_complete:
self.level_complete = True
self.completed_levels = max(self.completed_levels, self.current_level + 1)
for _ in range(60):
r, c = random.choice(self.path)
x, y = self.get_dot_pos(r, c)
self.particles.append(Particle(x, y, C_SUCCESS))
# ★ 核心优化：直接读取预存解法，0 延迟，0 卡顿
def show_solution(self):
if self.level_complete:
return
level_data = LEVELS[self.current_level]
if 'solution' in level_data:
self.path = []
self.full_solution_path = level_data['solution']
self.current_solution_step = 0
self.solution_step_timer = 0
self.is_showing_solution = True
else:
print("警告：本关卡暂无预设答案")
def undo(self):
if self.path and not self.level_complete and not self.is_showing_solution:
self.path.pop()
def reset(self):
self.path.clear()
self.level_complete = False
self.is_showing_solution = False
self.full_solution_path = []
self.current_solution_step = 0
self.solution_step_timer = 0
def next_level(self):
self.load_level(self.current_level + 1)
def prev_level(self):
if self.current_level > 0:
self.load_level(self.current_level - 1)
def handle_events(self):
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
return False
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
return False
if event.key == pygame.K_z and (pygame.key.get_mods() & pygame.KMOD_CTRL):
self.undo()
if event.key == pygame.K_r:
self.reset()
if event.key == pygame.K_n and self.level_complete:
self.next_level()
if event.key == pygame.K_p:
self.prev_level()
if event.key == pygame.K_BACKSPACE:
self.undo()
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
if event.button == 1:
btn_rect = pygame.Rect(W - 150, H - 60, 130, 40)
if btn_rect.collidepoint(event.pos):
if self.level_complete:
self.next_level()
elif self.is_showing_solution:
self.reset()
else:
self.show_solution()
elif not self.level_complete and not self.is_showing_solution:
pos = self.get_clicked_dot(event.pos)
if pos:
self.move_to(pos)
elif event.button == 3:
self.undo()
return True
def update(self):
self.frame += 1
self.particles = [p for p in self.particles if p.update()]
# 答案演示动画逻辑
if self.is_showing_solution and self.full_solution_path:
self.solution_step_timer += 1
if self.solution_step_timer >= 15: # 每 15 帧 (约 0.25 秒) 走一步
self.solution_step_timer = 0
if self.current_solution_step < len(self.full_solution_path):
next_pos = self.full_solution_path[self.current_solution_step]
self.path.append(next_pos)
self.current_solution_step += 1
r, c = next_pos
x, y = self.get_dot_pos(r, c)
for _ in range(8):
self.particles.append(Particle(x, y, C_SUCCESS))
if self.current_solution_step == len(self.full_solution_path):
self.is_showing_solution = False
self.check_complete()
def draw(self):
self.screen.fill(C_BG)
draw_stars(self.screen, self.frame)
if len(self.path) > 1:
points = [self.get_dot_pos(r, c) for r, c in self.path]
pygame.draw.lines(self.screen, C_LINE, False, points, 2)
glow_surf = pygame.Surface((W, H), pygame.SRCALPHA)
pygame.draw.lines(glow_surf, (*C_LINE, 80), False, points, 6)
self.screen.blit(glow_surf, (0, 0))
base_r = self.cell_size // 4
for row in range(self.rows):
for col in range(self.cols):
x, y = self.get_dot_pos(row, col)
if self.grid[row][col] == 1:
pygame.draw.circle(self.screen, C_BLOCK, (x, y), base_r)
pygame.draw.circle(self.screen, (255, 150, 180), (x, y), base_r - 2, 1)
else:
in_path = (row, col) in self.path
is_current = self.path and self.path[-1] == (row, col)
is_start = self.path and self.path[0] == (row, col)
if is_current:
radius, color = base_r + 3, C_DOT_START
elif is_start:
radius, color = base_r + 2, C_SUCCESS
elif in_path:
radius, color = base_r + 1, C_DOT_PATH
else:
radius, color = base_r, C_DOT_EMPTY
pygame.draw.circle(self.screen, color, (x, y), radius)
if in_path or is_current:
glow = pygame.Surface((radius * 4, radius * 4), pygame.SRCALPHA)
pygame.draw.circle(glow, (*color, 60), (radius * 2, radius * 2), radius * 2)
self.screen.blit(glow, (x - radius * 2, y - radius * 2))
# 绘制步骤序号
if self.is_showing_solution or self.level_complete:
for idx, (r, c) in enumerate(self.path):
x, y = self.get_dot_pos(r, c)
num_text = str(idx + 1)
num_surf = FONT_XS.render(num_text, True, C_BG)
self.screen.blit(num_surf, num_surf.get_rect(center=(x, y)))
for p in self.particles:
p.draw(self.screen)
level_text = FONT_MD.render(f"关卡 {self.current_level + 1}/{len(LEVELS)}", True, C_TEXT)
self.screen.blit(level_text, (20, 20))
total_dots = self.rows * self.cols - len(self.blocks)
prog_text = FONT_MD.render(f"{len(self.path)}/{total_dots}", True, C_TEXT)
self.screen.blit(prog_text, (20, 50))
comp_text = FONT_SM.render(f"已通关: {self.completed_levels}", True, C_STAR)
self.screen.blit(comp_text, (20, 80))
hints = ["左键: 移动 右键: 撤销", "Ctrl+Z: 撤销 R: 重置"]
for i, hint in enumerate(hints):
h_text = FONT_SM.render(hint, True, C_GREY)
self.screen.blit(h_text, (W - 200, 20 + i * 22))
btn_rect = pygame.Rect(W - 150, H - 60, 130, 40)
mouse_pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
is_hover = btn_rect.collidepoint(mouse_pos)
btn_color = C_BTN_HOVER if is_hover else C_SUCCESS
pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, btn_color, btn_rect, border_radius=8)
if self.level_complete:
btn_text = FONT_MD.render("▶ 下一关", True, C_BG)
elif self.is_showing_solution:
btn_text = FONT_MD.render("⏹ 停止演示", True, C_BG)
else:
btn_text = FONT_MD.render("💡 显示答案", True, C_BG)
self.screen.blit(btn_text, btn_text.get_rect(center=btn_rect.center))
if self.level_complete:
overlay = pygame.Surface((W, H), pygame.SRCALPHA)
overlay.fill((0, 0, 0, 160))
self.screen.blit(overlay, (0, 0))
box = pygame.Rect(W // 2 - 160, H // 2 - 100, 320, 200)
pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, (15, 10, 35), box, border_radius=16)
pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, C_SUCCESS, box, 3, border_radius=16)
texts = [
(FONT_LG, "✓ 挑战成功!", C_SUCCESS, -50),
(FONT_MD, f"完美使用 {len(self.path)} 步", C_TEXT, 10),
(FONT_SM, "点击右下角按钮继续", C_GREY, 60),
]
for font, text, color, dy in texts:
t = font.render(text, True, color)
self.screen.blit(t, t.get_rect(centerx=W // 2, centery=H // 2 + dy))
pygame.display.flip()
def run(self):
running = True
while running:
running = self.handle_events()
self.update()
self.draw()
self.clock.tick(FPS)
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
if __name__ == "__main__":
game = OneStrokeGame()
game.run()附：文章说明
本文仅为个人理解，若有不当之处，欢迎指正～