在vue项目使用数据可视化 echarts ，柱状图、折线图、饼状图使用示例详解及属性详解

官网地址：Apache ECharts

​一、下载插件并在页面中引入

npm install echarts --save

页面导入：

import * as echarts from 'echarts'

全局导入： main.js 中，导入并注册到全局

import echarts from 'echarts'

Vue.prototype.$echarts = echarts

二、实现效果展示

三、绘制柱状图使用步骤

代码示例

<template>
  <div class="chart">
    <div
      id="chart_one"
      style="
        height: 82%;
        padding: 10px;
        display: flex;
        align-items: center;
        justify-content: center;
      "
    ></div>
    <h2>近一周使用记录</h2>
  </div>
</template>


<script>
  import * as echarts from 'echarts'
  export default {
    mounted() {
      // 解决echarts图表放大溢出父容器
      // 页面上的元素进行监测和调整大小操作，当被监测的元素的大小发生变化时调用
      setTimeout(() => {
        const resizeOb = new ResizeObserver((entries) => {
          for (const entry of entries) {
            echarts.getInstanceByDom(entry.target).resize()
          }
        })
        resizeOb.observe(document.getElementById('chart_one')) 
      })
      // 通过id获取echarts元素初始化图表的容器：创建一个 echarts 实例，调用 methods 里的 initChart 进行图表初始化
      // 获取id为chart_one的dom元素给chartDom容器，init初始化一个echarts实例给myChart，需以dom元素为参数
      this.$nextTick(() => {
        this.chartDom = document.getElementById('chart_one')
        this.myChart = echarts.init(this.chartDom)
        this.initChart() 
      })
      // 接口获取数据后，再为echarts赋值
      this.initData()
      setTimeout(() => {
        this.initChart() 
      }, 2000)
    },
    methods: {
      initChart() {
        // 在 ECharts 的 X 轴上显示当前日期前一周的月日
        const today = new Date()
        const lastWeek = new Date(
          today.getFullYear(),
          today.getMonth(),
          today.getDate() - 6
        ) // 最近一周的日期
        const xAxisData = [] // 存储要显示的日期字符串
        for (let i = lastWeek.getTime(); i <= today.getTime(); i += 86400000) {
          const date = new Date(i)
          xAxisData.push(
            date.toLocaleDateString('en-US', {
              month: 'numeric',
              day: 'numeric',
            })
          )
        }
        this.option = {
          // 设置图表的边距，containLabel表示图表内容应包含在边距之内
          grid: {
            left: '3%',
            right: '4%',
            bottom: '4%',
            top: '11%',
            containLabel: true,
          },
          // 设置一个图表的 x 轴属性
          xAxis: {
            type: 'category',
            data: xAxisData, // x 轴上的数据
            axisLabel: {
              formatter: '{value}', // 显示格式
            },
          },
          yAxis: {
            type: 'value',
            axisLabel: {
              formatter: '{value} m³',
            },
          },
          // 提示框的内容和样式，
          tooltip: {
            trigger: 'axis', // 触发方式
            formatter: '用气日期：{b}<br />日用气量：{c}', // 自定义数据
            backgroundColor: 'rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8)',
            axisPointer: {
              type: 'shadow',
            },
          },
          // 图表的配置
          series: [
            {
              // data: this.chartonedate, // 显示数据
              data: [120, 200, 150, 80, 70, 110, 130],
              type: 'bar', // 图表类型，柱状
              showBackground: true, // 是否显示柱状图背景色
              backgroundStyle: {
                color: 'rgba(180, 180, 180, 0.2)',
              },
              label: {
                // 标签的样式
                normal: {
                  show: true,
                  position: 'top',
                },
              },
            },
          ],
        }
        // 根据 this.option 的值来设置 this.myChart 的选项
        this.option && this.myChart.setOption(this.option)
      }, 
    },
  }
</script>

// 根据需要添加类名修改样式
<style lang="scss" scoped>
  .chart {
    width: 95%;
    height: 92%;
    background: linear-gradient(to bottom, #ffffff, #ffffff);
    h2 {
      text-align: center;
      margin: 0;
      font-size: 18px;
      color: #000;
    }
  }
</style>

四、绘制折线图、饼图代码整合

<template>
  <el-row :gutter="6"> 
    <el-col :span="9">
      <div class="ul-one ul-two">
        <div class="chart">
          <div
            id="chart_two"
            style="
              height: 82%;
              padding: 10px;
              display: flex;
              align-items: center;
              justify-content: center;
            "
          ></div>
          <h2>充值记录</h2>
        </div>
      </div>
    </el-col>
    <el-col :span="6">
      <div class="ul-one ul-two">
        <div class="chart">
          <div
            id="chart_three"
            style="
              height: 82%;
              padding: 10px;
              display: flex;
              align-items: center;
              justify-content: center;
            "
          ></div>
          <h2>用户数据分布</h2>
        </div>
      </div>
    </el-col>
  </el-row>
</template>

<script>
  import * as echarts from 'echarts'
  export default {
    mounted() { 
      setTimeout(() => {
        const resizeOb = new ResizeObserver((entries) => {
          for (const entry of entries) {
            echarts.getInstanceByDom(entry.target).resize()
          }
        }) 
        resizeOb.observe(document.getElementById('chart_two'))
        resizeOb.observe(document.getElementById('chart_three'))
      }) 
      this.$nextTick(() => {
        this.chartDom = document.getElementById('chart_one')
        this.myChart = echarts.init(this.chartDom)
        this.initChart()
        this.chartDomtwo = document.getElementById('chart_two')
        this.myCharttwo = echarts.init(this.chartDomtwo)
        this.initCharttwo()
        this.chartDomthree = document.getElementById('chart_three')
        this.myChartthree = echarts.init(this.chartDomthree)
        this.initChartthree()
      }) 
      this.initData()
      setTimeout(() => { 
        this.initCharttwo()
        this.initChartthree()
      }, 2000)
    },
    methods: { 
      initCharttwo() {
        this.optiontwo = {
          grid: {
            left: '3%',
            right: '4%',
            bottom: '4%',
            top: '11%',
            containLabel: true,
          },
          xAxis: {
            type: 'category',
            data: [
              '周期七',
              '周期六',
              '周期五',
              '周期四',
              '周期三',
              '周期二',
              '周期一',
            ],
          },
          yAxis: {
            type: 'value',
            axisLabel: {
              formatter: '{value} m³',
            },
          },
          tooltip: {
            trigger: 'axis',
            formatter: '用气周期：{b}<br />周期用量：{c}', // 自定义数据
            backgroundColor: 'rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8)',
            axisPointer: {
              type: 'shadow',
            },
          },
          series: [
            {
              // data: this.charttwodate,
              data: [120, 200, 150, 80, 70, 110, 130],
              type: 'line',
              // 图表上显示数据，并放置在数据点的上方。
              label: {
                normal: {
                  show: true,
                  position: 'top',
                },
              },
            },
          ],
        }
        this.optiontwo && this.myCharttwo.setOption(this.optiontwo)
      },
      initChartthree() {
        this.optionthree = {
          tooltip: {
            trigger: 'item',
          },
          legend: {
            orient: 'vertical',
            left: 'left',
          },
          // 控制顶部小图标的位置
          legend: {
            top: '0',
            left: 'center',
          },
          series: [
            {
              name: '用户数量',
              type: 'pie',
              radius: '50%',
              center: ['50%', '60%'],
              data: [
                { value: 83, name: '燃气表用户' },
                { value: 16, name: '流量计用户' },
                { value: 9, name: '未开户用户' },
              ],
              emphasis: {
                itemStyle: {
                  shadowBlur: 10,
                  shadowOffsetX: 0,
                  shadowColor: 'rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5)',
                },
              },
            },
          ],
        }
        this.optionthree && this.myChartthree.setOption(this.optionthree)
      },
    },
  }
</script>

<style lang="scss" scoped>
  .ul-two {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-around;
    margin: 5px 3px;
    border: 1px solid #ccc;
    li {
      margin: 10px;
      list-style: none;
      width: 15%;
      height: 200px;
      .ranqibiao {
        border-radius: 50px;
        width: 100%;
        height: 100%;
        background: url('~@/assets/bg/bg1.png') no-repeat center center;
        box-shadow: 0 4px 9px 2px rgba(247, 189, 35, 0.91);
        background-size: cover;
        display: flex;
        justify-content: center;
      }
      .liuliangji {
        border-radius: 50px;
        width: 100%;
        height: 100%;
        background: url('~@/assets/bg/bg2.png') no-repeat center center;
        box-shadow: 0 4px 9px 2px rgba(62, 170, 255, 0.91);
        background-size: cover;
        display: flex;
        justify-content: center;
      }
      .weikahu {
        border-radius: 50px;
        width: 100%;
        height: 100%;
        background: url('~@/assets/bg/bg3.png') no-repeat center center;
        box-shadow: 0 4px 9px 2px rgba(80, 224, 254, 0.91);
        background-size: cover;
        display: flex;
        justify-content: center;
      }
      .image {
        border-radius: 10px;
        background: #ffffff;
        width: 45px;
        height: 45px;
        display: flex;
        align-items: center;
        justify-content: center;
        margin-top: 40px;
      }
      .text {
        color: #ffffff;
        font-weight: bolder;
        margin-top: 20px;
      }
      .number {
        color: #ffffff;
        font-size: 20px;
        font-weight: 800;
        margin-top: 30px;
      }
    }
  }
  .val {
    text-align: center;
    color: #000;
    h2 {
      margin: 10px 0 0 0;
    }
  }
  .ul-one {
    height: 320px;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
  }
  .chart {
    width: 95%;
    height: 92%;
    background: linear-gradient(to bottom, #ffffff, #ffffff);
    h2 {
      text-align: center;
      margin: 0;
      font-size: 18px;
      color: #000;
    }
  }
</style>