macOS - 上编译运行 risc-v (spike)

文章目录

一、说明

本文根据以下文章改编：

RISC-V 环境配置
https://decaf-lang.github.io/minidecaf-tutorial/docs/step0/riscv_env.html

二、安装步骤

1、使用 brew 安装相关依赖

shell 复制代码

brew install dtc gawk gnu-sed gmp mpfr libmpc isl zlib expat texinfo flock

brew tap riscv/riscv
brew install riscv-tools  
brew install riscv-isa-sim  
brew install qemu

brew 安装的文件包一般位于：/usr/local/Cellar 下

2、下载预编译好的 RISC-V 工具链
riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc-8.3.0-2020.04.0-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.gz
https://static.dev.sifive.com/dev-tools/riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc-8.3.0-2020.04.0-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.gz

解压后，将 bin 目录添加到环境变量

可以得到如下的可执行文件等：

riscv64-unknown-elf-addr2line

riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc-ar
riscv64-unknown-elf-ld.bfd
riscv64-unknown-elf-ar
riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc-nm
riscv64-unknown-elf-nm
riscv64-unknown-elf-as
riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc-ranlib
riscv64-unknown-elf-objcopy
riscv64-unknown-elf-c++
riscv64-unknown-elf-gcov
riscv64-unknown-elf-objdump
riscv64-unknown-elf-c++filt
riscv64-unknown-elf-gcov-dump
riscv64-unknown-elf-ranlib
riscv64-unknown-elf-cpp
riscv64-unknown-elf-gcov-tool
riscv64-unknown-elf-readelf
riscv64-unknown-elf-elfedit
riscv64-unknown-elf-gdb
riscv64-unknown-elf-size
riscv64-unknown-elf-g++
riscv64-unknown-elf-gdb-add-index
riscv64-unknown-elf-strings
riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc
riscv64-unknown-elf-gprof
riscv64-unknown-elf-strip
riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc-8.3.0
riscv64-unknown-elf-ld

3、下载 spike 预编译的二进制程序包

spike-pk-prebuilt-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.gz
https://cloud.tsinghua.edu.cn/f/6246e90c407b4a508816/

解压后，制作 pk 软连接

shell 复制代码

ln xxx/software/spike-pk-prebuilt-x86_64-apple-darwin/pk  /usr/local/bin/pk

否则执行程序可能报错：

libc++abi: terminating due to uncaught exception of type std::runtime_error: could not open /usr/local/bin/pk (did you misspell it? If VCS, did you forget +permissive/+permissive-off?)

三、测试

实现如下功能：

生成 RISC-V 汇编
使用 gcc 把 RISC-V 汇编变成 RISC-V 可执行文件
用 spike 运行 RISC-V 可执行文件。
```
                你的编译器                gcc            qemu/spike
```
MiniDecaf 源文件 ------------> RISC-V 汇编 -----> 可执行文件 --------> 输出

1、编写文件 input.c

c 复制代码

int main(){return 233;}

2、编译到 input.s

shell 复制代码

riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc -march=rv32im -mabi=ilp32 -O3 -S input.c

得到 cat input.s，你可以查看它的内容

shell 复制代码

cat input.s

得到：

shell 复制代码

	.file	"input.c"
	.option nopic
	.attribute arch, "rv32i2p1_m2p0"
	.attribute unaligned_access, 0
	.attribute stack_align, 16
	.text
	.section	.text.startup,"ax",@progbits
	.align	2
	.globl	main
	.type	main, @function
main:
	li	a0,122
	ret
	.size	main, .-main
	.ident	"GCC: (g2ee5e430018-dirty) 12.2.0"

3、编译成可执行文件

shell 复制代码

riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc -march=rv32im -mabi=ilp32 input.s

生成 a.out 文件

你也可以跳过 -s 直接生成可执行文件

shell 复制代码

riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc -march=rv32im -mabi=ilp32 -O3 test.c

查看 a.out 文件属性

shell 复制代码

file a.out

得到：

a.out: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, UCB RISC-V, soft-float ABI, version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, not stripped

4、执行 a.out

shell 复制代码

spike --isa=RV32G /usr/local/bin/pk a.out

打印出

shell 复制代码

bbl loader

继续执行

打印 $?，这是 spike 的返回码，也就是我们 .c 文件 main 方法返回的值

shell 复制代码

echo $?

伊织 2023-08-21