Elasticsearch、Kibana以及Java操作ES 的快速使用

docker 安装elastic search 、 kibana（可视化管理elastic search）

docker pull elasticsearch:7.12.1
docker pull kibana:7.12.1

创建docker自定义网络

docker自定义网络可以使得容器之间使用容器名网络互连，默认的网络不会有这功能。

一定要配置自定义网络，并将两个容器同时加到网络中，否则下面的http://es:9200会无法访问到es

docker network create es-net

启动elastic search、kibana容器

启动elastic search容器

docker run -d \
	--name es \
    -e "ES_JAVA_OPTS=-Xms512m -Xmx512m" \
    -e "discovery.type=single-node" \
    -v es-data:/usr/share/elasticsearch/data \
    -v es-plugins:/usr/share/elasticsearch/plugins \
    --privileged \
    --network es-net \
    -p 9200:9200 \
    -p 9300:9300 \
elasticsearch:7.12.1

访问 http://192.168.137.139:9200 （注意换成自己服务器的ip地址）

启动kibana容器

docker run -d \
--name kibana \
-e ELASTICSEARCH_HOSTS=http://es:9200 \
--network=es-net \
-p 5601:5601  \
kibana:7.12.1

访问 http://192.168.137.139:5601 （注意换成自己服务器的ip地址）

给es安装 ik分词器

默认的分词器对中文并不友好，ik分词器可以更好的支持中文分词

下载地址：https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysis-ik/releases/tag/v7.12.1
(官方有其他的下载方式，可以参考：https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysis-ik)

 查看es-plugins的挂载卷所在目录
docker volume inspect es-plugins

得到 /var/lib/docker/volumes/es-plugins/_data

将下载的文件解压缩并传到服务器挂在卷中

scp -r ik myserver:/var/lib/docker/volumes/es-plugins/_data

重启es服务

docker restart es

ocker logs es | grep ik	# 查看ik分词器是否成功加载

使用Dev Tools测试

IK分词器包含两种模式：(根据业务选择)

• ik_smart：最少切分

• ik_max_word：最细切分

扩展ik分词器的词典

奥里给并没有组成一个词

cd /var/lib/docker/volumes/es-plugins/_data/ik/config/

oligei.dic文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE properties SYSTEM "http://java.sun.com/dtd/properties.dtd">
<properties>
	<comment>IK Analyzer 扩展配置</comment>
	<!--用户可以在这里配置自己的扩展字典 -->
	<entry key="ext_dict"></entry>
    <entry key="ext_dict">my_dict.dic</entry>

	<!--用户可以在这里配置自己的扩展停止词字典-->
	<entry key="ext_stopwords"></entry>
    <entry key="ext_stopwords">my_stopwords.dic</entry>

	<!--用户可以在这里配置远程扩展字典 -->
    <!-- <entry key="remote_ext_dict">words_location</entry> -->

	<!--用户可以在这里配置远程扩展停止词字典-->
    <!-- <entry key="remote_ext_stopwords">words_location</entry> -->
</properties>

重启es 和 kibana

docker restart es
docker restart kibana

ocker logs es | grep my_ # 查看日志是否加载了配置

---

es 索引库操作

创建索引库

PUT /user 
{
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "info": {
        "type": "text",
        "analyzer": "ik_smart"
      },
      "email": {
        "type": "keyword",
        "index": "false"
      },
      "name": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "fistName": {
            "type": "keyword"
          },
          "lastName": {
            "type": "keyword"
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

删除索引库

DELETE /user

修改索引库

索引库不支持修改已有的属性，但可以增加属性

PUT /user/_mapping
{
  "properties": {
    "age": {
      "type": "integer"
    }
  }
}

查询索引库

GET /user

---

es 文档操作

新增文档

POST /user/_doc/1
{
  "info": "学习使我快乐",
  "email": "xxx@qq.com",
  "age": "18",
  "name": {
    "firstName": "code",
    "lastName": "horse"
  }
}

删除文档

DELETE /user/_doc/1

修改文档

全量修改：先删除，后新建（如果没有，也会新建）

PUT /user/_doc/1
{
  "info": "学习使我快乐222222222222222",
  "email": "xxx@qq.com",
  "age": "18",
  "name": {
    "firstName": "code",
    "lastName": "horse"
  }
}

增量修改：只修改指定字段的值

POST /user/_update/1
{
  "doc": {
    "info": "学习使我快乐333333333333"
  }
}

查询文档

GET /user/_doc/1

---

Java使用ES （RestAPI）

官方使用文档 ：https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/client/index.html

本教程使用的是 Migrating from the High Level Rest Client

导入依赖

pom.xml

<!--FastJson  官方需要的other dependencies-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.71</version>
</dependency>

springboot依赖管理有可能会给你导入的依赖版本会给覆盖掉

解决方案：覆盖springboot的版本

<properties>
    <elasticsearch.version>7.12.1</elasticsearch.version>
</properties>

操作索引库

IndexDatabaseTest.java

public class IndexDatabaseTest {
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    @BeforeEach
    public void setUp() {  // 创建es连接
        this.client = new RestHighLevelClient(RestClient.builder(
                HttpHost.create("http://192.168.137.139:9200")
        ));
    }

    @Test
    public void clientStatus() {    // 查看是否连接成功
        System.out.println(client);
    }

    // 创建索引库
    @Test
    public void createIndexDataBase() throws IOException {
        CreateIndexRequest request = new CreateIndexRequest("user");
        String createIndexDataBaseDSL = "{\n" +
                "  \"mappings\": {\n" +
                "    \"properties\": {\n" +
                "      \"info\": {\n" +
                "        \"type\": \"text\",\n" +
                "        \"analyzer\": \"ik_smart\"\n" +
                "      },\n" +
                "      \"email\": {\n" +
                "        \"type\": \"keyword\",\n" +
                "        \"index\": \"false\"\n" +
                "      },\n" +
                "      \"name\": {\n" +
                "        \"type\": \"object\",\n" +
                "        \"properties\": {\n" +
                "          \"fistName\": {\n" +
                "            \"type\": \"keyword\"\n" +
                "          },\n" +
                "          \"lastName\": {\n" +
                "            \"type\": \"keyword\"\n" +
                "          }\n" +
                "        }\n" +
                "      }\n" +
                "    }\n" +
                "  }\n" +
                "}";
        request.source(createIndexDataBaseDSL, XContentType.JSON);
        client.indices().create(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    }

    // 删除索引库
    @Test
    public void deleteIndexDataBase() throws IOException {
        DeleteIndexRequest request = new DeleteIndexRequest("user");
        client.indices().delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    }

    // 修改索引库(只支持增加mapping)
    @Test
    public void updateIndexDataBase() throws IOException {
        PutMappingRequest request = new PutMappingRequest("user");
        request.source("{\n" +
                "  \"properties\": {\n" +
                "    \"age\": {\n" +
                "      \"type\": \"integer\"\n" +
                "    }\n" +
                "  }\n" +
                "}\n", XContentType.JSON);
        client.indices().putMapping(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    }

    // 查找索引库
    @Test
    public void getIndexDataBase() throws IOException {
        GetIndexRequest request = new GetIndexRequest("user");
        GetIndexResponse getIndexResponse = client.indices().get(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

        Map<String, MappingMetadata> mappings = getIndexResponse.getMappings();
        System.out.println(mappings.get("user").sourceAsMap().values());
    }


    @AfterEach
    public void unMount() throws IOException { 	// 断开es连接
        this.client.close();
    }

}

操作文档

DocTest.java

public class DocTest {
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    @BeforeEach
    void setUp() {  // 创建es连接
        this.client = new RestHighLevelClient(RestClient.builder(
                HttpHost.create("http://192.168.137.139:9200")
        ));
    }

    @Test
    public void clientStatus() {    // 查看是否连接成功
        System.out.println(client);
    }

    // 创建文档
    @Test
    public void createIndexDataBase() throws IOException {
        IndexRequest request = new IndexRequest("user").id("1");
        String createDocDSL = "{\n" +
                "  \"info\": \"学习使我快乐\",\n" +
                "  \"email\": \"xxx@qq.com\",\n" +
                "  \"name\": {\n" +
                "    \"firstName\": \"code\",\n" +
                "    \"lastName\": \"horse\"\n" +
                "  }\n" +
                "}";
        request.source(createDocDSL,XContentType.JSON);
        client.index(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    }

    // 删除文档
    @Test
    public void deleteIndexDataBase() throws IOException {
        DeleteRequest request = new DeleteRequest("user", "1");
        client.delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    }

    // 修改文档 (API实现的是全量修改)
    @Test
    public void updateIndexDataBase() throws IOException {
        UpdateRequest request = new UpdateRequest("user", "1");
        request.doc("{\n" +
                "    \"info\": \"学习使我痛苦！！！！！！！\"\n" +
                "  }", XContentType.JSON);
        client.update(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    }

    // 查找文档
    @Test
    public void getIndexDataBase() throws IOException {
        GetRequest request = new GetRequest("user", "1");
        GetResponse response = client.get(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

        String json = response.getSourceAsString();
        System.out.println(json);
    }

    @Test
    private Map<String, Object> getData(String text) {
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("info", text);
        map.put("email", text + "@qq.com");
        Map<String, String> name = new HashMap<>();
        name.put("firstName", text);
        name.put("lastName", text);
        map.put("name", name);
        System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString(map));
        return map;
    }

    // 批量导入文档
    @Test
    public void testBulk() throws IOException {
        BulkRequest request = new BulkRequest();
        for (int i = 1; i <= 200; i ++ ) {
            String text = String.valueOf(i);
            Map<String, Object> data = getData(text);
            request.add(new IndexRequest("user")
                    .id(text)
                    .source(JSON.toJSONString(data), XContentType.JSON)
            );
        }
        client.bulk(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    }

    @AfterEach
    public void unMount() throws IOException { // 断开es连接
        this.client.close();
    }
}