split 命令
split
命令用于将文件分割成较小的部分。它可以按照文件大小、行数或特定的分隔符来划分文件
bash
[duser@xxxx dir2]$ split --help
Usage: split [OPTION]... [INPUT [PREFIX]]
Output fixed-size pieces of INPUT to PREFIXaa, PREFIXab, ...; default
size is 1000 lines, and default PREFIX is 'x'. With no INPUT, or when INPUT
is -, read standard input.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-a, --suffix-length=N generate suffixes of length N (default 2)
--additional-suffix=SUFFIX append an additional SUFFIX to file names
-b, --bytes=SIZE put SIZE bytes per output file
-C, --line-bytes=SIZE put at most SIZE bytes of lines per output file
-d, --numeric-suffixes[=FROM] use numeric suffixes instead of alphabetic;
FROM changes the start value (default 0)
-e, --elide-empty-files do not generate empty output files with '-n'
--filter=COMMAND write to shell COMMAND; file name is $FILE
-l, --lines=NUMBER put NUMBER lines per output file
-n, --number=CHUNKS generate CHUNKS output files; see explanation below
-u, --unbuffered immediately copy input to output with '-n r/...'
--verbose print a diagnostic just before each
output file is opened
--help display this help and exit
--version output version information and exit
SIZE is an integer and optional unit (example: 10M is 10*1024*1024). Units
are K, M, G, T, P, E, Z, Y (powers of 1024) or KB, MB, ... (powers of 1000).
可以按字节或者按行数进行切割
bash
语法:split [OPTION] [``INPUT` `[PREFIX]]
-b: 选项后跟期望切割后的单个文件的大小
-l: 选项后跟期望切割后单个文件的行数,直接写数字
-d: 使用数字作为后缀
-a: 配合选项-d,指定后缀长度(默认值2)
综合语法:split -b byte_count[K|k|M|m|G|g] [-a suffix_length] [file [prefix]]
实际使用:split -b 30M -d -a 2 my_data.tar.gz my_data.tar.gz.
示例
bash
# 按字节 30M 为 一个文件 , 文件后缀是两位, 00, 01 , 02 ...
split -b 30M -d -a 2 my_data.tar.gz my_data.tar.gz.
# my_data.tar.gz.00 my_data.tar.gz.01 my_data.tar.gz.02 ,,,,
bash
[xxx@xxx dir2]$ wc -l pangu.sh
1052 pangu.sh
# 按行数进行切割
split -l 100 -d -a 2 pangu.sh pangu.
[duser@template dir2]$ ll
total 80
-rw-rw-r-- 1 duser duser 3232 2023/09/11 09:11:09 pangu.00
-rw-rw-r-- 1 duser duser 1899 2023/09/11 09:11:09 pangu.01
-rw-rw-r-- 1 duser duser 2070 2023/09/11 09:11:09 pangu.02
-rw-rw-r-- 1 duser duser 2192 2023/09/11 09:11:09 pangu.03
-rw-rw-r-- 1 duser duser 2770 2023/09/11 09:11:09 pangu.04
-rw-rw-r-- 1 duser duser 2569 2023/09/11 09:11:09 pangu.05
-rw-rw-r-- 1 duser duser 2822 2023/09/11 09:11:09 pangu.06
-rw-rw-r-- 1 duser duser 3648 2023/09/11 09:11:09 pangu.07
-rw-rw-r-- 1 duser duser 4537 2023/09/11 09:11:09 pangu.08
-rw-rw-r-- 1 duser duser 3383 2023/09/11 09:11:09 pangu.09
-rw-rw-r-- 1 duser duser 948 2023/09/11 09:11:09 pangu.10
-rw-rw-r-- 1 duser duser 30070 2023/09/11 09:06:54 pangu.sh
# 按字节切割
[xxx@xxx dir2]$ split -b 5k -d -a 2 pangu.sh pangu.
[xxx@xxxx dir2]$ ls
pangu.00 pangu.01 pangu.02 pangu.03 pangu.04 pangu.05 pangu.sh
还原文件
使用 cat 所有的分割后的文件 ,然后重定向到另一个文件里面即可.
bash
[xxx@xxx xxx]$ ls pangu.[0-9]*
pangu.00 pangu.01 pangu.02 pangu.03 pangu.04 pangu.05 pangu.06 pangu.07 pangu.08 pangu.09 pangu.10
[xxx@xxx dir2]$ cat pangu.[0-9]* > recover.sh
[xxx@xxx dir2]$ ls
pangu.00 pangu.01 pangu.02 pangu.03 pangu.04 pangu.05 pangu.06 pangu.07 pangu.08 pangu.09 pangu.10 pangu.sh recover.sh
分享快乐,留住感动. '2023-09-11 19:58:54' --frank