项目地址
GitHub - CHENLitterWhite/CPPWheel: CPP自封装的库
专栏历史好文
CMakeList.txt -- 编写保姆式教程_干饭小白的博客-CSDN博客
C++实战-基于c++11新特性的mysql连接池_c++ mysql连接池_干饭小白的博客-CSDN博客
C++项目实战--线程池代码讲解_std::shared_ptr<threadpool>_干饭小白的博客-CSDN博客
文章目录
目录
前言
线程池 -- 纯C版
使用步骤
cpp
//------------------------------------------//
// 作者: 干饭小白
// 时间: 2023-09-04
//------------------------------------------//
#pragma once
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C"
{
#endif __cplusplus
#define DEFAULT_TIME 5
#define MIN_WAIT_TASK_NUM 5
#define DEFAULT_THREAD_NUM 2
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <errno.h>
// 任务函数结构
typedef struct {
void *(*function)(void*);
void *arg;
}Task;
// 线程池管理者
struct Threadpool {
/* 开关 */
bool shutdown;
/* 任务队列 */
int queue_front; // 队头
int queue_rear; // 队尾
int queue_size; // 队列大小
int queue_max_size; // 最大的任务数
Task *task_queue; // 任务队列
/* 工作线程状态 */
int min_thr_num; // 最小的线程数
int max_thr_num; // 最大线线程数
int live_thr_num; // 当前的活跃线程数
int busy_thr_num; // 当前忙碌的线程数
int wait_exit_thr_num; // 当前正在等待退出的线程数
pthread_t *threads; // 线程集合
/* 线程集合的管理 */
pthread_t admin_tid; // 线程管理者 -- 保持线程池中线程的相对平衡
pthread_mutex_t lock; // 互斥锁
pthread_mutex_t thread_counter; // 保证线程间竞争关系互斥 -- 正在忙碌的线程变量控制
pthread_cond_t queue_not_full; // 唤醒任务可入队线程 -- 队列不为满
pthread_cond_t queue_not_empty; // 唤醒工作线程取任务 -- 队列不为空
};
/*-----------------------------------------------
函数名:
threadpool_creat
函数说明:
创建并初始化一个线程池
输入参数:
min_thr_num(int) 最小的线程数量
max_thr_num(int) 最大的线程数量
queue_max_size(int) 任务队列大小
输出参数:
无
返回值:
返回线程池句柄,失败返回 NULL
-----------------------------------------------*/
Threadpool * threadpool_creat(int min_thr_num, int max_thr_num, int queue_max_size);
/*-----------------------------------------------
函数名:
threadpool_thread
函数说明:
任务处理线程函数
输入参数:
threadpool(Threadpool) 线程池句柄
输出参数:
无
返回值:
无
-----------------------------------------------*/
void * threadpool_thread(void *threadpool);
/*-----------------------------------------------
函数名:
threadpool_thread
函数说明:
任务处理线程函数
输入参数:
threadpool(Threadpool*) 线程池句柄
输出参数:
无
返回值:
无
-----------------------------------------------*/
void * admin_thread(void *threadpool);
/*-----------------------------------------------
函数名:
threadpool_free
函数说明:
释放资源
输入参数:
pool(Threadpool*) 线程池句柄
输出参数:
无
返回值:
0 正常
-1 pool == NULL
-----------------------------------------------*/
int threadpool_free(Threadpool * pool);
/*-----------------------------------------------
函数名:
threadpool_destory
函数说明:
销毁线程池
输入参数:
pool(Threadpool*) 线程池句柄
输出参数:
无
返回值:
0 正常
-1 pool == NULL
-----------------------------------------------*/
int threadpool_destory(Threadpool * pool);
/*-----------------------------------------------
函数名:
threadpool_add_task
函数说明:
向任务队列中添加事件
输入参数:
pool(Threadpool*) 线程池句柄
void *(*function)(void *arg) 任务函数
arg(void *) 任务函数携带的参数
输出参数:
无
返回值:
无
-----------------------------------------------*/
int threadpool_add_task(Threadpool * pool, void *(*function)(void *arg), void *arg);
/*-----------------------------------------------
函数名:
is_thread_alive
函数说明:
判断一个线程是否存活
输入参数:
tid(pthread_t) 线程pid
输出参数:
无
返回值:
存活 true
消亡 false
-----------------------------------------------*/
bool is_thread_alive(pthread_t tid);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
cpp
#include "ThreadPool.h"
Threadpool * threadpool_creat(int min_thr_num, int max_thr_num, int queue_max_size)
{
Threadpool *pool = NULL;
/* 使用do{}while(0) --> 实现goto机制,错误时即使跳出,并统一处理 */
do
{
/** 开启线程池空间 **/
pool = (Threadpool *)malloc(sizeof(Threadpool));
if(NULL == pool)
{
break;
}
/** 初始化信息 **/
pool->min_thr_num = min_thr_num;
pool->max_thr_num = max_thr_num;
pool->live_thr_num = min_thr_num;
pool->busy_thr_num = 0;
pool->wait_exit_thr_num = 0;
pool->queue_front = 0;
pool->queue_rear = 0;
pool->queue_size = 0;
pool->queue_max_size = queue_max_size;
pool->shutdown = false;
/** 分配工作线程空间 **/
pool->threads = (pthread_t *)malloc(sizeof(pthread_t) * max_thr_num);
if(NULL == pool->threads)
{
break;
}
memset(pool->threads, 0, sizeof(pthread_t) * max_thr_num);
/** 队列空间 **/
pool->task_queue = (Task *)malloc(sizeof(Task) * queue_max_size);
if(NULL == pool->task_queue)
{
break;
}
/** 初始化互斥锁和条件变量 **/
if(pthread_mutex_init(&(pool->lock), NULL) != 0 ||
pthread_mutex_init(&(pool->thread_counter), NULL) != 0 ||
pthread_cond_init(&(pool->queue_not_empty), NULL) ||
pthread_cond_init(&(pool->queue_not_full), NULL) != 0)
{
break;
}
/** 启动 min_thr_num 个工作线程 **/
for(int i = 0; i < min_thr_num; ++i)
{
pthread_create(&(pool->threads[i]), NULL, threadpool_thread, (void *)pool);
}
/** 启动管理者线程 **/
pthread_create(&(pool->admin_tid), NULL, admin_thread, (void*)pool);
return pool;
}while(0);
/* 释放pool的空间 */
threadpool_free(pool);
return NULL;
}
int threadpool_destory(Threadpool * pool)
{
/* 容错性判断 */
if(NULL == pool)
{
return -1;
}
/* 线程标志位:true */
pool->shutdown = true;
/* 销毁管理线程 */
pthread_join(pool->admin_tid, NULL);
/* 通知存活的线程结束自己 */
for(int i = 0; i < pool->live_thr_num; ++i)
{
/** 唤醒所有被阻塞的线程 **/
pthread_cond_broadcast(&(pool->queue_not_empty));
}
/* 等待线程结束,进行回收 */
for(int i = 0; i < pool->live_thr_num; ++i)
{
pthread_join(pool->threads[i], NULL);
}
/* 释放资源 */
threadpool_free(pool);
return 0;
}
int threadpool_free(Threadpool * pool)
{
/* 容错性判断 */
if(NULL == pool)
{
return -1;
}
/* 销毁任务队列 */
if(pool->task_queue)
{
free(pool->task_queue);
pool->task_queue = NULL;
}
/* 销毁工作线程集合 */
if(pool->threads)
{
free(pool->threads);
pool->threads = NULL;
}
/* 销毁池管理空间 */
free(pool);
pool = NULL;
return 0;
}
void * admin_thread(void *threadpool)
{
/* 容错处理 */
if(NULL == threadpool)
{
return NULL;
}
/* 维护线程池的平衡 */
Threadpool *pool = (Threadpool *)threadpool;
while(!pool->shutdown)
{
/** 每隔DEFAULT_TIME进行一次 **/
sleep(DEFAULT_TIME);
/** 获取当前状态下活跃数和任务数 -- 多线程访问同一个变量(互斥锁) **/
pthread_mutex_lock(&(pool->lock));
int queue_size = pool->queue_size;
int live_thr_num = pool->live_thr_num;
pthread_mutex_unlock(&(pool->lock));
/** 获取忙碌数 **/
pthread_mutex_lock(&(pool->thread_counter));
int busy_thr_num = pool->busy_thr_num;
pthread_mutex_unlock(&(pool->thread_counter));
/** 创建新线程:正在等待的任务 >= 最小允许等待的任务数 && 存活线程数 < 最大线程数 **/
if(queue_size >= MIN_WAIT_TASK_NUM && live_thr_num < pool->max_thr_num)
{
pthread_mutex_lock(&(pool->lock));
int add = 0;
for(int i = 0; i < pool->max_thr_num && add < DEFAULT_THREAD_NUM && pool->live_thr_num < pool->max_thr_num; ++i)
{
if(pool->threads[i] == 0 || !is_thread_alive(pool->threads[i]))
{
pthread_create(&(pool->threads[i]), NULL, threadpool_thread, (void*)pool);
add++;
pool->live_thr_num++;
}
}
pthread_mutex_unlock(&(pool->lock));
}
/** 销毁空闲的线程: 忙碌数*2 < 存活数(一半以上的空闲) && 存活数 > 最小线程数 **/
if((busy_thr_num * 2) < live_thr_num && live_thr_num > pool->min_thr_num)
{
pthread_mutex_lock(&(pool->lock));
pool->wait_exit_thr_num = DEFAULT_THREAD_NUM;
pthread_mutex_unlock(&(pool->lock));
}
for(int i = 0; i < DEFAULT_THREAD_NUM; ++i)
{
/*** 通知处于空闲的线程自杀 ***/
pthread_cond_signal(&(pool->queue_not_empty));
}
}
return NULL;
}
bool is_thread_alive(pthread_t tid)
{
int kill_rc = pthread_kill(tid, 0);
if(ESRCH == kill_rc)
{
return false;
}
return true;
}
void * threadpool_thread(void *threadpool)
{
/* 容错处理 */
if(NULL == threadpool)
{
return NULL;
}
Threadpool *pool = (Threadpool *)threadpool;
Task task;
while(true)
{
pthread_mutex_lock(&(pool->lock));
/* 无任务:阻塞等待 */
while((pool->queue_size == 0 && !pool->shutdown))
{
/** 阻塞等待 **/
pthread_cond_wait(&(pool->queue_not_empty), &(pool->lock));
/** 是否是自杀任务 **/
if(pool->wait_exit_thr_num > 0)
{
pool->wait_exit_thr_num--;
/** 判断线程池中的线程数量是否大于最小线程数:是则结束当前线程 **/
if(pool->live_thr_num > pool->min_thr_num)
{
pool->live_thr_num--;
pthread_mutex_unlock(&(pool->lock));
pthread_exit(NULL);
}
}
}
/* 是否销毁池 */
if(pool->shutdown)
{
pthread_mutex_unlock(&(pool->lock));
pthread_exit(NULL);
}
/* 有任务:执行任务 */
task.function = pool->task_queue[pool->queue_front].function;
task.arg = pool->task_queue[pool->queue_front].arg;
/* 维护循环队列平衡 */
pool->queue_front = (pool->queue_front + 1) % pool->queue_max_size;
pool->queue_size--;
/* 通知队列不未满 */
pthread_cond_broadcast(&(pool->queue_not_full));
pthread_mutex_unlock(&(pool->lock));
/* 执行开始:忙碌线程+1 */
pthread_mutex_lock(&(pool->thread_counter));
pool->busy_thr_num++;
pthread_mutex_unlock(&(pool->thread_counter));
/* 执行任务 */
(*(task.function))(task.arg);
/* 执行结束:忙碌线程-1 */
pthread_mutex_lock(&(pool->thread_counter));
pool->busy_thr_num--;
pthread_mutex_unlock(&(pool->thread_counter));
}
pthread_exit(NULL);
}
int threadpool_add_task(Threadpool * pool, void *(*function)(void *arg), void *arg)
{
if(NULL == pool)
{
return -1;
}
pthread_mutex_lock(&(pool->lock));
/* 任务队列满时需要等到 */
while((pool->queue_size == pool->queue_max_size) && (!pool->shutdown))
{
pthread_cond_wait(&(pool->queue_not_full), &(pool->lock));
}
/* 线程池处于关闭状态 */
if(pool->shutdown)
{
pthread_mutex_unlock(&(pool->lock));
}
/* 清空残留 */
if(pool->task_queue[pool->queue_rear].arg != NULL)
{
free(pool->task_queue[pool->queue_rear].arg);
pool->task_queue[pool->queue_rear].arg = NULL;
}
/* 添加任务 */
pthread_cond_signal(&(pool->queue_not_empty));
pthread_mutex_unlock(&(pool->lock));
return 0;
}