计算机组成原理的基本概念
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计算机硬件的针脚都是用来传递信息,传递数据用的:
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服务程序包含一些调试程序:
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计算机硬件的基本组成
控制器通过电信号来协调其他部件的工作,同时负责解析存储器里存放的程序指令,然后指挥运算器执行相应的加减乘除之类的运算
同一个功能既能用硬件来实现,也能够用软件来实现
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参与运算的数据放到运算器当中,指令放到控制器当中,由控制器来解析这条指令的含义
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主存储器的基本组成:
CPU发出一个读/写命令,把地址放到MAR当中,把数据放到MDR当中(相当于菜鸟驿站的柜台,存储体:货架,MAR:取件码)
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计算机执行一条指令的全过程
cpu会自动把指令拆解成操作码和地址码
最终的结果是ACC寄存器里面的值变成了2
取指令(IR)》解析指令(CU)》执行指令(ALU)
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控制单元CU给ALU发出一个信号,告诉他你这次要执行的是乘法操作
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5:把操作码放到CU当中分析,发现是存数的指令;
CU后面通过控制总线告诉主存储器本次执行的操作是存数操作
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计算机的性能指标
存储器总容量=mar位数*mdr位数
乘法指令比加法指令的步骤要多
吞吐量:单位时间内处理请求的数量
CPI:执行一条指令所需的时钟周期
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