Python+requests+unittest+excel接口自动化测试框架

测试界清流2023-10-18 20:31

一、框架结构：

工程目录

二、Case文件设计

三、基础包 base

3.1 封装get/post请求（runmethon.py）

 imp

 import json
 class RunMethod:
 def post_main(self,url,data,header=None):
 res = None
 if header !=None: 
 res = requests.post(url=url,data=data,headers=header)
 else:
 res = requests.post(url=url,data=data)
 return res.json()

 def get_main(self,url,data=None,header=None):
 res = None
 if header !=None: 
 res = requests.get(url=url,data=data,headers=header,verify=False)
 else:
 res = requests.get(url=url,data=data,verify=False)
 return res.json() 
 def run_main(self,method,url,data=None,header=None):
 res = None
 if method == 'Post':
 res = self.post_main(url,data,header)
 else:
 res = self.get_main(url,data,header)
 return json.dumps(res,ensure_ascii=False,sort_keys=True,indent=2)

3.2 封装mock（mock.py）

from mock import mock
 #模拟mock 封装
 def mock_test(mock_method,request_data,url,method,response_data):
 mock_method = mock.Mock(return_value=response_data)
 res = mock_method(url,method,request_data)
 return res

四、数据操作包 operation_data4.1 获取excel单元格中的内容（get_data.py）

#coding:utf-8
 from tool.operation_excel import OperationExcel
 import data_config
 from tool.operation_json import OperetionJson
 from tool.connect_db import OperationMysql
 class GetData:
 def __init__(self):
 self.opera_excel = OperationExcel()
 
 #去获取excel行数,就是case的个数 
 def get_case_lines(self):
 return self.opera_excel.get_lines()
 
 #获取是否执行
 def get_is_run(self,row):
 flag = None
 col = int(data_config.get_run())
 run_model = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col)
 if run_model == 'yes':
 flag = True
 else:
 flag = False
return flag
 
 #是否携带header
def is_header(self,row):
 col = int(data_config.get_header())
 header = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col)
 if header != '':
 return header
 else:
 return None
 
 #获取请求方式
 def get_request_method(self,row):
 col = int(data_config.get_run_way())
 request_method = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col)
 return request_method
 
 #获取url
 def get_request_url(self,row):
 col = int(data_config.get_url())
 url = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col)
 return url
 
 #获取请求数据
 def get_request_data(self,row):
 col = int(data_config.get_data())
 data = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col)
 if data == '':
 return None
 return data
 
 #通过获取关键字拿到data数据
 def get_data_for_json(self,row):
 opera_json = OperetionJson()
 request_data = opera_json.get_data(self.get_request_data(row))
 return request_data
 
 #获取预期结果
 def get_expcet_data(self,row):
 col = int(data_config.get_expect())
 expect = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col)
 if expect == '':
 return None
 return expect
 
 #通过sql获取预期结果
 def get_expcet_data_for_mysql(self,row):
 op_mysql = OperationMysql()
 sql = self.get_expcet_data(row)
 res = op_mysql.search_one(sql)
 return res.decode('unicode-escape')

 def write_result(self,row,value):
 col = int(data_config.get_result())
 self.opera_excel.write_value(row,col,value)
 
 #获取依赖数据的key
 def get_depend_key(self,row):
 col = int(data_config.get_data_depend())
 depent_key = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col)
 if depent_key == "":
 return None
 else:
 return depent_key
 
 #判断是否有case依赖
 def is_depend(self,row):
 col = int(data_config.get_case_depend())
 depend_case_id = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col)
 if depend_case_id == "":
 return None
 else:
 return depend_case_id
 
 #获取数据依赖字段
 def get_depend_field(self,row):
 col = int(data_config.get_field_depend())
 data = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col)
 if data == "":
 return None
 else:
 return data　

4.2 获取excel中每个列（data_config.py）

#coding:utf-8
 class global_var:
 #case_id
 Id = '0'
 request_name = '1'
 url = '2'
 run = '3'
 request_way = '4'
 header = '5'
 case_depend = '6'
 data_depend = '7'
 field_depend = '8'
 data = '9'
 expect = '10'
 result = '11'
 #获取caseid
 def get_id():
 return global_var.Id
 
 #获取url
 def get_url():
 return global_var.url
 
 def get_run():
 return global_var.run
 
 def get_run_way():
 return global_var.request_way

 def get_header():
 return global_var.header
 
 def get_case_depend():
 return global_var.case_depend
 
 def get_data_depend():
 return global_var.data_depend
 
 def get_field_depend():
 return global_var.field_depend
 
 def get_data():
 return global_var.data
 
 def get_expect():
 return global_var.expect

 def get_result():
 return global_var.result
 
 def get_header_value():
 return global_var.header

4.3 解决数据依赖（dependent.py ）

|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 | #coding:utf-8 ``import sys ``import json ``sys.path.append(``'C:/Users/lxz/Desktop/InterFace_JIA'``) ``from tool.operation_excel ``import OperationExcel ``from base.runmethod ``import RunMethod ``from operation_data.get_data ``import GetData ``from jsonpath_rw ``import jsonpath,parse ``class DependdentData: ``def __init__(``self``,case_id): ``self``.case_id ``= case_id ``self``.opera_excel ``= OperationExcel() ``self``.data ``= GetData() ``#通过case_id去获取该case_id的整行数据 ``def get_case_line_data(``self``): ``rows_data ``= self``.opera_excel.get_rows_data(``self``.case_id) ``return rows_data ``#执行依赖测试，获取结果 ``def run_dependent(``self``): ``run_method ``= RunMethod() ``row_num ``= self``.opera_excel.get_row_num(``self``.case_id) ``request_data ``= self``.data.get_data_for_json(row_num) ``#header = self.data.is_header(row_num) ``method ``= self``.data.get_request_method(row_num) ``url ``= self``.data.get_request_url(row_num) ``res ``= run_method.run_main(method,url,request_data) ``return json.loads(res) ``#根据依赖的key去获取执行依赖测试case的响应,然后返回 ``def get_data_for_key(``self``,row): ``depend_data ``= self``.data.get_depend_key(row) ``response_data ``= self``.run_dependent() ``json_exe ``= parse(depend_data) ``madle ``= json_exe.find(response_data) ``return [math.value ``for math ``in madle][``0``] ``if __name__ ``=``= '__main__'``: ``order ``= { ``"data"``: { ``"_input_charset"``: ``"utf-8"``, ``"body"``: ``"京东订单-1710141907182334"``, ``"it_b_pay"``: ``"1d"``, ``"notify_url"``: ``"http://order.imooc.com/pay/notifyalipay"``, ``"out_trade_no"``: ``"1710141907182334"``, ``"partner"``: ``"2088002966755334"``, ``"payment_type"``: ``"1"``, ``"seller_id"``: ``"yangyan01@tcl.com"``, "service"``: ``"mobile.securitypay.pay"``, "sign"``: "kZBV53KuiUf5HIrVLBCcBpWDg``%``2FnzO``%``2BtyEnBqgVYwwBtDU66Xk8VQUTbVOqDjrNymCupkVhlI``%``2BkFZq1jOr8C554KsZ7Gk7orC9dDbQl pr``%``2BaMmdjO30JBgjqjj4mmM``%``2Flphy9Xwr0Xrv46uSkDKdlQqLDdGAOP7YwOM2dSLyUQX``%``2Bo4``%``3D``", ``"sign_type"``: ``"RSA"``, ``"string"``: "_input_charset``=``utf``-``8``&body``=``京东订单``-``1710141907182334``&it_b_pay``=``1d``&notify_url``=``http:``/``/``order.imooc.com``/``pay``/ notifyalipay&out_trade_no``=``1710141907182334``&partner``=``2088002966755334``&payment_type``=``1``&seller_id``=``yangyan01@ tcl.com&service``=``mobile.securitypay.pay&subject``=``京东订单``-``1710141907182334``&total_fee``=``299``&sign``=``kZBV53KuiUf5H IrVLBCcBpWDg``%``2FnzO``%``2BtyEnBqgVYwwBtDU66Xk8VQUTbVOqDjrNymCupkVhlI``%``2BkFZq1jOr8C554KsZ7Gk7orC9dDbQlpr``%``2BaMmdjO30 JBgjqjj4mmM``%``2Flphy9Xwr0Xrv46uSkDKdlQqLDdGAOP7YwOM2dSLyUQX``%``2Bo4``%``3D``&sign_type``=``RSA", ``"subject"``: ``"京东订单-1710141907182334"``, ``"total_fee"``: ``299 ``}, ``"errorCode"``: ``1000``, ``"errorDesc"``: ``"成功"``, ``"status"``: ``1``, ``"timestamp"``: ``1507979239100 ``} ``res ``= "data.out_trade_no" ``json_exe ``= parse(res) ``madle ``= json_exe.find(order) ``print [math.value ``for math ``in madle][``0``] |

五、工具类包 tool5.1 操作excel (operation_excel.py)

#coding:utf-8
 import xlrd
 from xlutils.copy import copy
 class OperationExcel:
 def __init__(self,file_name=None,sheet_id=None):
 if file_name:
 self.file_name = file_name
 self.sheet_id = sheet_id 
 else:
 self.file_name = '../dataconfig/case1.xls'
 self.sheet_id = 0
 self.data = self.get_data()
 
 #获取sheets的内容
 def get_data(self):
 data = xlrd.open_workbook(self.file_name)
 tables = data.sheets()[self.sheet_id]
 return tables
 
 #获取单元格的行数
 def get_lines(self):
 tables = self.data
 return tables.nrows
 
 #获取某一个单元格的内容
 def get_cell_value(self,row,col):
 return self.data.cell_value(row,col)
 
 #写入数据
 def write_value(self,row,col,value):
 '''
 写入excel数据
 row,col,value
 '''
 read_data = xlrd.open_workbook(self.file_name)
 write_data = copy(read_data)
 sheet_data = write_data.get_sheet(0)
 sheet_data.write(row,col,value)
 write_data.save(self.file_name)
 
 #根据对应的caseid 找到对应行的内容
 def get_rows_data(self,case_id):
 row_num = self.get_row_num(case_id)
 rows_data = self.get_row_values(row_num)
 return rows_data
 
 #根据对应的caseid找到对应的行号
 def get_row_num(self,case_id):
 num = 0
 clols_data = self.get_cols_data()
 for col_data in clols_data:
 if case_id in col_data:
 return num
 num = num+1
 
 
 #根据行号，找到该行的内容
 def get_row_values(self,row):
 tables = self.data
 row_data = tables.row_values(row)
 return row_data

 #获取某一列的内容
 def get_cols_data(self,col_id=None):
 if col_id != None:
 cols = self.data.col_values(col_id)
 else:
 cols = self.data.col_values(0)
 return cols
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
 opers = OperationExcel()
 print opers.get_cell_value(1,2)

5.2判断字符串包含，判断字典是否相等（common_util.py）

#coding:utf-8
 import json
 class CommonUtil:
 def is_contain(self,str_one,str_two):
 '''
 判断一个字符串是否再另外一个字符串中
 str_one:查找的字符串
str_two：被查找的字符串
 '''
 flag = None
 if isinstance(str_one,unicode):
 str_one = str_one.encode('unicode-escape').decode('string_escape')
 return cmp(str_one,str_two)
 if str_one in str_two:
 flag = True
 else:
 flag = False
 return flag
 
 
 def is_equal_dict(self,dict_one,dict_two):
 '''
 判断两个字典是否相等
 '''
 if isinstance(dict_one,str):
 dict_one = json.loads(dict_one)
 if isinstance(dict_two,str):
 dict_two = json.loads(dict_two)
 return cmp(dict_one,dict_two)

5.3 操作header（operation_herder.py）

#coding:utf-8
 import requests
 import json
 from operation_json import OperetionJson
  class OperationHeader: 
 def __init__(self,response):
 self.response = json.loads(response)
  def get_response_url(self):
 '''
 获取登录返回的token的url
 '''
 url = self.response['data']['url'][0]
 return url
 
 def get_cookie(self):
 '''
 获取cookie的jar文件
 '''
 url = self.get_response_url()+"&callback=jQuery21008240514814031887_1508666806688&_=1508666806689"
 cookie = requests.get(url).cookies
 return cookie
 
 def write_cookie(self):
 cookie = requests.utils.dict_from_cookiejar(self.get_cookie())
 op_json = OperetionJson()
 op_json.write_data(cookie)
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
 
 url = "http://www.jd.com/passport/user/login"
 data = {
 "username":"18513199586",
 "password":"111111",
 "verify":"",
 "referer":"https://www.jd.com"
 }
 res = json.dumps(requests.post(url,data).json())
 op_header = OperationHeader(res)
 op_header.write_cookie()

5.4 操作json文件（operation_json.py）

 #coding:utf-8
 import json
 class OperetionJson:

  def __init__(self,file_path=None):
 if file_path == None:
 self.file_path = '../dataconfig/user.json'
 else:
 self.file_path = file_path
 self.data = self.read_data()
 
 #读取json文件
 def read_data(self):
 with open(self.file_path) as fp:
 data = json.load(fp)
 return data
 
 #根据关键字获取数据
 def get_data(self,id):
 print type(self.data)
 return self.data[id]
 
 #写json
 def write_data(self,data):
 with open('../dataconfig/cookie.json','w') as fp:
 fp.write(json.dumps(data))
  
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
 opjson = OperetionJson()
 print opjson.get_data('shop')

5.5 操作数据库（connect_db.py）

#coding:utf-8
 import MySQLdb.cursors
 import json
 class OperationMysql:
 def __init__(self):
 self.conn = MySQLdb.connect(
 host='localhost',
 port=3306,
 user='root',
 passwd='123456',
 db='le_study',
 charset='utf8',
 cursorclass=MySQLdb.cursors.DictCursor
)
 self.cur = self.conn.cursor()
 
 #查询一条数据
 def search_one(self,sql):
 self.cur.execute(sql)
 result = self.cur.fetchone()
 result = json.dumps(result)
 return result
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
 op_mysql = OperationMysql()
 res = op_mysql.search_one("select * from web_user where Name='ailiailan'")
 print res

5.6 发送报告邮件（send_email.py）

#coding:utf-8
import smtplib
 from email.mime.text import MIMEText
 class SendEmail:
 global send_user
 global email_host
 global password
 email_host = "smtp.163.com"
 send_user = "jiaxiaonan666@163.com"
 password = "jia_668"
 def send_mail(self,user_list,sub,content):
 user = "jiaxiaonan"+"<"+send_user+">"
 message = MIMEText(content,_subtype='plain',_charset='utf-8')
 message['Subject'] = sub
 message['From'] = user
 message['To'] = ";".join(user_list)
 server = smtplib.SMTP()
 server.connect(email_host)
 server.login(send_user,password)
 server.sendmail(user,user_list,message.as_string())
 server.close()
 
 def send_main(self,pass_list,fail_list):
 pass_num = float(len(pass_list))
 fail_num = float(len(fail_list))
 count_num = pass_num+fail_num
 #90%
 pass_result = "%.2f%%" %(pass_num/count_num*100)
 fail_result = "%.2f%%" %(fail_num/count_num*100)
 
 
 user_list = ['609037724@qq.com']
 sub = "接口自动化测试报告"
 content = "此次一共运行接口个数为%s个，通过个数为%s个，失败个数为%s,通过率为%s,失败率为%s" %(count_num,pass_num,fail_num,pass_result,fail_result )
 self.send_mail(user_list,sub,content)
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
 sen = SendEmail()
 sen.send_main([1,2,3,4],[2,3,4,5,6,7])　
复制代码

六、主函数

run_test.py

 #coding:utf-8
 import sys
 sys.path.append("C:/Users/lxz/Desktop/InterFace_JIA")
 from base.runmethod import RunMethod
 from operation_data.get_data import GetData
 from tool.common_util import CommonUtil
 from operation_data.dependent_data import DependdentData
 from tool.send_email import SendEmail
 from tool.operation_header import OperationHeader
 from tool.operation_json import OperetionJson
 class RunTest:
 def __init__(self):
 self.run_method = RunMethod()
 self.data = GetData()
 self.com_util = CommonUtil()
 self.send_mai = SendEmail()
 
 #程序执行的
 def go_on_run(self):
 res = None
 pass_count = []
 fail_count = []
 #10 0,1,2,3
 rows_count = self.data.get_case_lines()
 for i in range(1,rows_count):
 is_run = self.data.get_is_run(i)
 if is_run:
 url = self.data.get_request_url(i)
 method = self.data.get_request_method(i)
 request_data = self.data.get_data_for_json(i)
 expect = self.data.get_expcet_data_for_mysql(i)
 header = self.data.is_header(i)
 depend_case = self.data.is_depend(i)
 if depend_case != None:
 self.depend_data = DependdentData(depend_case)
 #获取的依赖响应数据
 depend_response_data = self.depend_data.get_data_for_key(i)
 #获取依赖的key
 depend_key = self.data.get_depend_field(i)
 request_data[depend_key] = depend_response_data
 if header == 'write':
 res = self.run_method.run_main(method,url,request_data)
 op_header = OperationHeader(res)
 op_header.write_cookie()
 
 elif header == 'yes':
 op_json = OperetionJson('../dataconfig/cookie.json')
 cookie = op_json.get_data('apsid')
 cookies = {
 'apsid':cookie
 }
 res = self.run_method.run_main(method,url,request_data,cookies)
 else:
 res = self.run_method.run_main(method,url,request_data)
 
 if self.com_util.is_equal_dict(expect,res) == 0:
 self.data.write_result(i,'pass')
 pass_count.append(i)
 else:
 self.data.write_result(i,res)
 fail_count.append(i)
 self.send_mai.send_main(pass_count,fail_count)
 
 #将执行判断封装
 #def get_cookie_run(self,header):

 if __name__ == '__main__':
 run = RunTest()
 run.go_on_run()

Python接口自动化测试零基础入门到精通（2023最新版）

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